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41.
    
Two competing discourses emerge from a careful reading of parliamentary debates in Norway on rural development. One regards rural values as intrinsic, while the other regards the rural as an actor in a play about economic growth. The 'growth' discourse has economic growth as its nodal point and fo-cuses on the freedom of an individual to establish a business wherever he or she wishes, and to migrate to any preferred destination. The 'intrinsic value' discourse places the value of rural settlements and cultures as its nodal point and focuses on allegedly forced migration, a nature-based economy, and local freedom of action. During the neoliberal period, starting about 1980 the strength of the intrinsic value discourse has been increasingly displaced by the growth discourse. The latter seems to match general social changes such as neoliberalism and globalization more than the former. However, analysing the fight between these two discourses is not exhaustive. A broader analytic perspective is needed if we want to understand the logic of how the meaning of rurality comes about. The meaning of rurality in Norwegian politics is made through the way the competing discourses link up to 'nondiscursive' topics that originate and evolve outside the discourses on Norwegian rural politics. We claim that topics which include economic safety and national identity/nation-state are more or less fundamental to understanding the logic of the production of the concrete discourses of rurality in Norwegian politics. We provide evidence that rural change is contingent not only on the meaning-making process in parliamentary debates, but on the way truth claims made by politicians are linked to general national and global issues.  相似文献   
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ABSTRACT Contemporary European urban planning policies aim to mix land uses in compact neighborhoods. It is presumed that mixing land uses yields socioeconomic benefits and therefore has a positive effect on housing values. In this paper, we investigate the impact of mixed land use on housing values using semiparametric estimation techniques. We demonstrate that a diverse neighborhood is positively valued by households. There are various land use types that have a positive impact on house prices, e.g., business services and leisure. Land uses that are incompatible with residential land use are, among others, manufacturing and wholesale. It appears that households are willing to pay about 2.5 percent more for a house in a mixed neighborhood. We also show that there is substantial heterogeneity in willingness to pay for mixed land use. For example, only apartment occupiers are willing to pay for an increase in diversity, whereas households living in other house types are not willing to pay for diversity.  相似文献   
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This article analyses two instances of abortion law reform in Latin America. In 2006, after a decades-long impasse, the highly controversial issue of abortion came to dominate the political agenda when Colombia liberalized its abortion law and Nicaragua adopted a total ban on abortion. The article analyses the central actors in the reform processes, their strategies and the opportunity contexts. Drawing on Htun's (2003) framework, it examines why these processes concluded with opposing legislative outcomes. The authors argue for the need to understand the state as a non-unitary site of politics and policy, and for judicial processes to be seen as a key variable in facilitating gender policy reforms in Latin America. In addition, they argue that ‘windows of opportunity’ such as the timing of elections can be critically important in legislative change processes.  相似文献   
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During the last part of the nineteenth century, Finnmark province and the northern part of Troms experienced a decline in intergenerational coresidence. This article discusses what impact ethnic affiliation and economic activity had on the living arrangements of the elderly, and what contributed to the change. Logistic regression shows that ethnicity played a role but its effect disappears after controlling for economic activity. Intergenerational coresidence was positively associated with being a married Sámi male with an occupation in farming or combined fishing and farming. As such a person grew older, he was increasingly likely to live separately from an own adult child. This pattern changed toward the end of nineteenth century. By the close of the century, ethnic differences had disappeared, and headship position, irrespective of marital status, was strongly related to coresidence.  相似文献   
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OBITUARY     
Samandrag:

Artikkelen gir eit oversyn over dei ulike språklege resultata av språkkontakt i Nord‐Noreg. I fleire hundre år har det rådd ein fleirspråkleg situasjon i dette området. Her kunne ein høyre og observere ikkje berre eitt eller to språk i bruk, men mange: Norsk, samisk, finsk, russisk, svensk, dansk, engelsk, tysk og fransk. Denne artikkelen tar først og fremst for seg norsk, samisk og finsk. Dei ulike språklege resultata som er oppstått av dette fleirspråklege miljøet, kan oppsummerast slik: 1. Ulike slag primitive augneblink‐språk med stutt levetid og utan verknad på andre språk i området. 2. Eit langvarig russisk‐norsk pidginspråk, russenorsk, som blei brukt i om lag 150 år i pomorhandelen mellom nordmenn og russarar. 3. Adstratum‐element frå norsk i samisk og i finske dialektar i Nord‐Noreg, og frå samisk i finsk. 4. ?Samenorsk? med mange klare samiske sub‐stratelement. 5. Språkdød, som spesielt rammar finsk i Nord‐Noreg, med mange døme på analogikonstruksjonar og reduksjon i form‐verket. 6. Reduksjon og utjamningar i det morfologiske systemet i norske dialektar i området som eit resultat av språkbytte (frå finsk og samisk til norsk). ‐ Desse ulike lingvistiske resultata gjer Nord‐Noreg til eit svært interessant område i den faglege drøftinga om språkkontakttypologi.  相似文献   
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