L’Économie de la Création le Financement du Film Documentaire

The study of the financing of documentary films in France by its two main sources (TV channels and the film industry) enables us to uncover the conditions of possibility of the autonomy of filmmakers. It reveals an opposition between two patterns: a logic of “flows” within the audiovisual circuit (television) and a logic of “scarcity” within the film circuit, completed by new forms of financial support.     

马的胸椎异常及其利用方式的演变

马的驯化及使用深刻影响到人类文明的进程。马不仅为人类提供肉、奶等蛋白性食物,而且极大地提高了人类运输和战争能力,推进了人类的迁徙、民族的融合、语言和文化的传播等等。可以说,没有一种家畜像马一样,在战争、运输和人类社会交往方面,发挥出如此重要的作用。骑乘无疑是人类使役马匹的重要方面。如何研究遗址出土的马骨,探讨其是否被骑乘,一直是考古学家关心的课题。本文的作者玛莎·莱文(Marsha Levine)博士等运用古病理学对马的利用方式进行了探讨,研究了马的被骑乘与否和马的第11-18胸椎异常之间的关联。他们对比了未被人骑乘的现代马骨和明确被人骑乘的早期铁器时代和中世纪的马骨,认为在早期铁器时代的马胸椎上出现的异常模式很可能与骑乘有关,从而表明从动物古病理学的角度探讨古代人类对家马的利用是切实可行的,这一研究思路非常值得我们借鉴。动物古病理学研究在国外开展已久,然而这一研究在国内尚十分薄弱,这正是我们今后努力的方向之一。     

新疆地区发现的希腊-罗马文化遗存

本文通过对丝绸之路新疆段发现的一些具有希腊、罗马文化特点的文化遗存进行举例说明,浅议了希腊、罗马文化在新疆地区的一些表现形式。     

Contemporary Iranian Art: The Emergence of New Artistic Discourses1

This article deals with the emerging discourses and concerns that have dominated the Iranian art community mainly since 1997. It discusses the existing, or rather conflicting, views of the current situation of the visual arts in Iran as expressed in recent artistic events, productions, and exhibitions as well as in critical reviews.² It does not fully discuss the variety of artistic genres in Iran, but examines the dominant ideas from the main opposing factions of cultural and artistic thought. It also aims at identifying the structural changes in Iranian art as well as the prevailing artistic policy of recent years.     

俄罗斯华侨历史概述

从19世纪中期开始, 华侨问题就引起了俄罗斯政府和学者的注意。俄罗斯华侨见证并参与了远东地区的开发和十月革命, 而后又经历了国内战争、新经济政策、工业化、农业集体化、卫国战争等剧烈的社会动荡和变革。无数华侨为苏维埃政权的诞生、苏联社会主义建设以及抗击德国法西斯入侵奉献了自己的力量和生命。与此同时, 复杂多变的俄(苏) 中两国关系以及远东地区政治和军事局势对俄罗斯华侨的命运产生了种种不利影响。本文分1917年二月革命和十月革命之前、革命和国内战争期间以及苏联时期三个时期, 对19 世纪中期至20 世纪中期的俄罗斯华侨历史进行考察,以加强两国学者对俄罗斯华侨问题的了解和交流。     

Book reviews

Sayyid Jamal ad‐Diin “al‐Afghani,” A Political Biography. By Nikki R. Keddie. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1972. 496pp. $20.00

A Grammar of Southern Tati Dialects. By Ehsan Yar‐Shater. The Hague: Mouton, 1969. 277pp; two maps.     

La Naissance Posthume D’Évariste Galois (1811–1832)

The publication of Galois' works in the Journal de Liouville (1846) was announced during a debate between academicians Libri and Liouville as early as 1843. Rather than limiting this publication to a study of controversy, we would like to show that it is inscribed in a larger context of the redefinition of algebra, which this debate illuminates. In order to understand the rediscovery of Galois, it must be inscribed in the median time of mathematical practices and usages.