SO2与水分综合影响下的云冈石窟砂岩劣化研究

气体污染物SO₂是造成云冈石窟文物本体劣化的重要因素之一。为厘清SO₂与水分耦合作用下的云冈砂岩劣化规律，开展不同SO₂浓度、相对湿度以及降水条件下的室内模拟风化试验，测定试样质量、表面特征和化学成分变化。结果表明：SO₂易与砂岩中的碳酸盐矿物(如方解石)和长石发生化学反应，产物包括CaSO₄·2H₂O、MgSO₄·7H₂O和高岭石等，且随着相对湿度增加，反应程度增大，造成试样的质量、色差值、可溶盐含量上升及硅铝比下降；液态水的参与能显著加快SO₂与砂岩的相互作用过程，不但增加了各项指标的变化幅度，还加大了SO₂入侵深度。研究成果可为砂岩质文物的科学认知和预防性保护提供参考。     

从“社”到“庄”:清代前期山东寿光县顺庄法的推行

清康熙年间,山东寿光县为缓解"大差"负担,将"大差"由轮当制改为下放给各社自理,但这进一步加重了民间劈社的窘境。乾隆年间知县王椿在缺少土地记录的情况下,采用"顺庄法"重整地方组织,缓解赋税征收的困境。以百姓实际居住的"庄",取代官方登记的里甲组织"社",作为税收登记与征收的基本单位。同时,这也形成了山东以"村庄"为基层组织的地方社会。因南北土地分布状况的差异,顺庄法在山东与江南显示出不同的形态与结果。     

出土墓志与东魏北齐邺京行里制度探析

东魏北齐邺京里坊的设置沿袭北魏洛阳里坊制度,文献记载往往以里或乡里形式称谓居住地。然而有4方东魏北齐时期墓志,志文记载墓主的居宅异于常例,为某行某里,或某行某坊。通过对墓志时代及墓主身份等因素的综合研判,并结合史书记载,可知东魏初至北齐末,某行某里(坊)是邺京里坊称谓的一种常用格式。"行"的称谓源自邺京行经尉制度,行名与里(坊)名的连用,是基于城市治安管理角度所产生的隶属关系的呈现,在名称上反映了某行区域内里的管辖情况。且行名与里名存在一定关联,将行名与里名对照,可知邺京部分行名与里名相同。     

Judicial Changes in Qing Beijing during the Shunzhi Period (1644–61)

The judicial system in Qing Beijing integrated both Ming and Manchu institutions. In the Ming judicial system, the first level of courts in Beijing included the Ministry of Justice and the Censorate, and on the second level was the Court of Judicial Review. During the Ming, however, this system became heavily disrupted by the intelligence security apparatuses, like the Eastern Depot. In the Manchu system, on the first level of courts was the banner company captains and on the second level was the Ministry of Justice. After 1644, the Ming’s institutional legacies and lessons remained so important to Manchu rulers that they eventually created an integrated legal system that primarily drew from the Ming system. This integration reflected the Qing dynasty’s endeavor to adopt Ming institutions. Prince Regent Dorgon insisted upon judicial separation on the first level of the courts—Censors of the Five Wards could not settle cases involving banner people, nor could the banner system handle cases involving civilians—while the Shunzhi emperor and his successors wanted judicial unity in Beijing and ordinary banner people and civilians to be adjudicated by the same courts.     

从《述善集》看元代小人物的创作

《述善集》是元代濮阳西夏遗民唐兀崇喜邀其师友为其家族所作的诗文集,作者主要是一些生活于乡村、名不见经传的小人物,他们的创作展示了一个真实生动的濮阳地方文坛。"《述善集》多族士人圈"沟通了京师与地方,濮阳地方文学也因此与元末主流文坛发生了密切关系,成为元末文坛主张关注现实的一派在民间的反响。执教于国子学的张翥、危素,无论是理学思想还是文学思想,都对濮阳小人物创作产生了直接的影响。     

唐武惠妃墓出土疑似胶结材料的分析研究

为了确定武惠妃墓室内发现的黑色多孔块状物质是否为绘制壁画时使用的胶结材料,联合使用显微镜观察、SEM-EDS、Raman、FTIR和GC-FID多种分析方法对该物质进行了显微结构观察、元素组成及物质组成分析。结果表明,该物质虽已炭化,但内部仍可见一些较新鲜的胶料残留,其成分为动物胶,并在其中发现了少量红色朱砂颜料残留。通过古文献记载和以往研究成果讨论了结果的可靠性。该研究不仅丰富了唐代墓葬壁画绘制技艺的考古学研究,更可为后期文物保护材料和工艺的选择提供借鉴。     

Creative Talent Drive Transformation of Professionals’ Constitution in the Modern City: A Case Study of Fashion Talent Flow in Taipei

Taipei is the economic and cultural centre of Taiwan. To compete with other Asian countries, Taipei has adopted pragmatic innovation and development strategies to achieve competitive advantage. Analysis of data obtained in face-to-face interviews indicates that Taipei may have a unique fashion economy. This study confirms the potential of the Taiwan fashion industry from the perspective of its cultural and creative economies. The main goal of this study is to determine how fashion professionals promote and affect the Taiwan fashion industry. First, fashion-related industries in the Taiwan cultural and creative system are defined and classified. Based on these definitions, statistical employment data and interview data are used to show how the distribution of fashion professionals provides directions for urban development by fashion clusters.     

博物馆数字化科普平台建设

建设博物馆数字化的科普平台,加强了对馆藏文物的保护能力,促进了博物馆的历史文化教育和传播功能,具有重大的现实意义和深远的历史意义。本工作将介绍其构建方法:采用全景拍摄、三维扫描等数字化信息采集技术,对博物馆建筑的内外景、重点馆藏文物进行信息采集,构建虚拟的历史遗迹遗存、网上博物馆,将实体博物馆以数字化方式完整呈现,通过互联网/移动互联网提供身临其境的虚拟参观服务;采用二维码、电子标签、混合定位等技术,为现场观众提供自助音视频文化科普导览服务;策划制作面向广大青少年的反映中国历史文化遗产的4D影视科普作品及建设面向普通观众开放的博物馆4D动感影厅工程播放系统,以此构建博物馆数字化科普平台。     

Discrimination Against Floating Migrants in China:Take Rural-to-Urban Migrants in Beijing As An Example

This essay firstly examines the destiny of rural-to-urban migrants in Beijing, the capital of China. Relying on data collected from representative survey, the essay then provides the demographic profil...     

论戊戌维新时期中国学术现代转型的整体萌发--兼谈清末民初学术转型的内涵和动力问题

本文对"中国学术的现代范式和传统转型"之内涵,提出了较为系统的一家之说,以此为基准,首次全面地揭示了这一转型在戊戌时期得以整体性萌发的各方面之表现和特点,以此论证"戊戌上限说".文章认为,"学战"是戊戌思潮中长期被学界轻忽了的思想主流之一,它构成了这一转型最为强大的动力,同时也给其带来了不可避免的弱点.