论布拉克顿的王权观念

在诺曼征服以来英国王权变迁的基础上,布拉克顿继承了盎格鲁·萨克逊"国王在法律之下"的传统和基督教"王权神授"的观念,形成了独特的王权观念.布拉克顿的王权观念主要包括王权的合法性、国王的权能以及王权的有限性等三个方面.经过科克等人的重新阐释,布拉克顿的王权观念成为新兴资产阶级反抗王权、争取权利和自由的旗帜,从而成为英国近代宪政发展的重要思想渊源之一.     

师酉簋铭文中的“瓜”字

分析、比较<殷周金文集成>及其他一些古文字材料中的"身"、"瓜"字形,认为师酉簋铭文作" "等形者,实为"瓜"字,在铭文中当读作"狐".铭文中的"弁瓜夷"可能是指有戴狐皮帽习俗之夷部族.     

试论第二次世界大战前苏联的犹太民族政策

长期以来,国内外学术界均认为反犹主义是斯大林主义的一个基本特征。但是,本文并不认为二者之间有什么必然联系。事实上,在第二次世界大战之前,以列宁和斯大林为首的苏联党和国家领导人为解决苏联现实社会中存在的反犹主义问题曾做出过巨大的努力,并取得了一定的成果。苏联政府在犹太民族政策上强调的是谴责反犹主义,反对犹太复国主义。     

Topographical evolution and C age dating of the construction of the Eurimji reservoir (Jecheon,Korea)

The Eurimji site in Jecheon City, Chungcheong Province holds major importance for Korean cultural heritage because it is assumed to be the oldest man-made reservoir for rice field irrigation in Korea. A multiproxy study provides the first scientific dating of the levee construction. The authors retrieved two sediment cores from the levee (core ER-1, 18.00 m long) and the reservoir bottom (core ER-3-1, 6.98 m long). Several plant fragment layers were observed between layers of dark gray clay–silt sediment in unit 2 of both cores. The spacing and thickness of these plant layers was relatively uniform (from 50 to 90 cm, and 5 to 6 cm, respectively). These features are interpreted to represent part of a man-made sedimentary sequence created using the consolidation-settlement drain method (tamped-earth or rammed-earth method) commonly used for dam or fortress construction in ancient times, as the features are not characteristic of natural river sedimentary processes. In this alternating sequence, bulk carbon from the sediment yielded AMS ¹⁴C dates of 2000–1400 ¹⁴C yr BP, and the plant materials yielded dates of 1300–1200 ¹⁴C yr BP. If workers at that time used two different materials such as available plant materials and clays for levee construction, the plant material is preferred for ¹⁴C age dating. This is because the origin of the carbon in the sediments is ambiguous, but the source of the plant materials has been confidently determined to be equivalent to the time of the levee construction. Therefore, the levee was constructed between 1200 and 1100 ¹⁴C yr BP (AD 800–900), which is later than previously thought (i.e., AD 300 or AD 550). The results of our study also indicate that wetlands existed in the area before the construction of the Eurimji levee.     

Ornaments Made from Animal Teeth in Human Burials at Tuzovskiye Bugry-1 and Their Relevance to Ethnic Processes in the Altai, 3rd Millennium BC

The article describes ornaments made of animal teeth (elk, beaver, badger, fox, marmot, musk deer, and ibex or mountain sheep) and found in ground burials at Tuzovskiye Bugry-1, Northern Altai. Ornaments made of the teeth of the two latter animals are especially informative since these taxa are not found in the Barnaul–Biysk area of the Upper Ob basin, nor did they inhabit the area in the historical past. The musk deer is distributed in the mountain taiga areas of Gorny Altai and Eastern Kazakhstan. Ibex and mountain sheep are typical representatives of alpine fauna. In the past, the northern boundary of their distribution range coincided with the Chemal River, the southern boundary lay in the Mongolian Altai, and the western, in Rudny Altai (Eastern Kazakhstan). Ornaments made from Ibex and mountain sheep teeth indicate ties with Gorny Altai, intermediary groups being those known from Solontsy-5 burial ground and Nizhnetytkesken Cave-1 burial. The co-occurrence of these ornaments with Dentalium, Corbicula ferghanensis Kurs. et Star., and Corbicula tibetensis Prash. shells points to ties with Western Central Asia. In this case, the likely intermediaries are the people of the Ust-Narym or Botai cultures. Alternatively, groups from Western Central Asia or Eastern Kazakhstan may have migrated to the Altai.     

祥龙瑞彩 探索中国龙的足迹

龙的形象并非空穴来风,其有因由,有传承,有故事,在中华民族从原始走向现代,从愚昧走向文明的过程中起源,融合,发展,翻开中国龙的历史,其形象之多变令人为之目眩,千种姿态,万般风流,既可作成庄严凝重的庞然大物,又可变为蜷体蟠结的小巧灵兽,在几千年的龙象演变和龙文化创作中,它始终不离各个时代所共同经营缔造的不同审美风格,1月18日至3月20日,首都博物馆在2012在欢腾喜悦的中国农历新年的开年之际,推出以龙为主题的龙年文化大展,邀观众一同探索中国龙的足迹,寻觅龙的身影,发现中国龙的前世今生,感受这份因龙而生的精神归宿。     

内蒙古丰镇市双台山“大明洪武二十九年”石刻考释——兼论明代早期北边防御体系的转变

2007年,内蒙古长城资源调查队在调查乌兰察布一呼和浩特段明长城大边时发现一处石刻,刻于明洪武二十九年(1396年),主要记述了兴筑石刻附近长城的时间、修筑者、所修长城的起止位置及长度等,为研究这段明长城的修筑史提供了一份价值极高的文字资料。同时,明代洪武年间北边防御体系的建立与这段长城关系密切,长城与沿边卫所共同构成了点线结合的综合防御体系。永乐时期,明朝调整了北边防御战略,北边防线南撤,这段长城的作用逐渐减弱。     

隋唐都城尺度设计方法新探

对隋唐都城设计尺度的还原分析表明,两京的尺度设计分别以数字"九"与"七"为基数控制宫、宫城与皇城、郭城、市、苑囿的东西广度,并以9:10与1:1为基准比例,确定全城的尺度结构与规模。两京的设计与布局方法与萌生于北魏洛阳,并影响到了同时期东亚其他都城的布局设计,同时也对唐以后中国历代王朝都城设计产生重要影响。