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91.
This paper develops an argument for the agency of objects, looking at the effects objects have on people. Groups of related objects, such as pots or metal ornaments, create stylistic universes which affect producers and users of new objects, bound by the canons of style. For an object to be socially powerful in a recognized manner, the form of the object lays down certain rules of use which influence the sensory and emotional impacts of the object. Formal properties of artifacts are influenced by the genealogy of the object class, including historical continuities and changes, and also its perceived source. The forms of objects, the historical trajectories of the class of objects and their perceived sources combine to have social effects on people, shaping people as socially effective entities. Britain’s incorporation into the Roman Empire between 150 BC and AD 200 provides an excellent case study through which to look at the changing corpora of objects, which had continuities and changes in form, a set of subtle attributions of sources and a complex range of social effects. 相似文献
92.
Charles?R.?CobbEmail author Adam?King 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2005,12(3):167-193
Frequent population movement and political re-organization spurred a pattern of repeated abandonment at the Mississippian mound center of Etowah in the southeastern United States. These processes also characterized the larger surrounding region in north Georgia and southeast Tennessee. The Etowah abandonments provided inflection points where interest groups were able to distance themselves from previous conventions of structure and reformulate new forms of sociopolitical organization. Re-invented traditions were embedded in changing definitions of genealogical and mythical time, and mediated through the built environment and iconography. 相似文献
93.
The Acting Editor 《Scottish Geographical Journal》2013,129(5):252-256
94.
Chicago’s Jackson Park witnessed intense and sustained tourism during the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition. Recent archaeological
survey and excavation produced information about the tourist experience of the Fair in a somewhat familiar artifactural form.
The dig drew local tourists whose appetites for the Exposition were whetted by a bestselling book. At the heart of these multiple
touristic consumptions in, and of, Jackson Park lies the central issue—the way that tourists create themselves as modern subjects
through the practice of tourism and how this process can be both helped and hindered by the presence of familiar objects. 相似文献
95.
Poverty is often thought of as an inevitable social condition, and the blame for any shortcomings in governmental welfare
policies is frequently placed upon the failings of individuals, markets, and demography. By exploring the influence of neoliberal
politics on archaeologies of slum-life this article makes the case that less emphasis should be placed upon the perceived
failings of individuals and more effort should be placed on recovering the complex social networks which sustained community-life
within Hungate and other so-called urban slums. 相似文献
96.
Michael?J.?O’BrienEmail author Matthew?T.?Boulanger Briggs?Buchanan R.?Alexander?Bentley R.?Lee?Lyman Carl?P.?Lipo Mark?E.?Madsen Metin?I.?Eren 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2016,23(2):692-740
Tool design is a cultural trait—a term long used in anthropology as a unit of transmittable information that encodes particular behavioral characteristics of individuals or groups. After they are transmitted, cultural traits serve as units of replication in that they can be modified as part of a cultural repertoire through processes such as recombination, loss, or partial alteration. Artifacts and other components of the archaeological record serve as proxies for studying the transmission (and modification) of cultural traits, provided there is analytical clarity in defining and measuring whatever it is that is being transmitted. Our interest here is in tool design, and we illustrate how to create analytical units that allow us to map tool-design space and to begin to understand how that space was used at different points in time. We first introduce the concept of fitness landscape and impose a model of cultural learning over it, then turn to four methods that are useful for the analysis of design space: paradigmatic classification, phylogenetic analysis, distance graphs, and geometric morphometrics. Each method builds on the others in logical fashion, which allows creation of testable hypotheses concerning cultural transmission and the evolutionary processes that shape it, including invention (mutation), selection, and drift. For examples, we turn to several case studies that focus on Early Paleoindian–period projectile points from eastern North America, the earliest widespread and currently recognizable remains of hunter–gatherers in late Pleistocene North America. 相似文献
97.
Anne-Lise?ReyEmail author 《Revue de synthèse / Centre international de synthèse》2016,137(3-4):227-246
This essay considers dissensus as the starting point for the construction of a common epistemic space rather than as the acknowledgement of an irreducible disagreement. In the argumentative confrontation and disagreements, we do not want to identify a process which might lead to agreement through rational debate. The aim of this essay is rather to understand how dissensus leads to the constitution of plural communities. It discusses a certain number of texts of political philosophy (Habermas, Mouffe, etc.), where the notion of agreement is crucial to an analysis of argumentative confrontations. This essay uses the hypothesis to analyse the circulation of Leibniz’s dynamics in his correspondence with De Volder. This perspective shows eventually that dissensus is not an obstacle but the basis on which multiple circulations of theories are possible. 相似文献
98.
Lanjān is an ancient and fertile plain along the Zāyandeh Rūd river in south-west of I?fahān. Due to favorable environmental conditions, such as direct access to the Zāyandeh Rūd river, fertile agricultural lands and also ancient highways, the region has long been worthwhile and a key area of I?fahān. Moreover, due to the existence of prestigious and thriving town, Khān Lanjān and its mountainous castle, there are numerous mentions about Lanjān region in written sources of the early and medieval centuries of Islam. In this study, according to archaeological survey and written sources, the author is going to consider dynamic changes of Lanjān by cultural landscape archaeology approach. This project investigates different aspects of settlements, agricultural lands, water, and their relationship in the cultural and administrative geography of Lanjān during the Islamic period. 相似文献
99.
100.
The Acting Editor 《Scottish Geographical Journal》2013,129(1):41-47
Small shops are a curious paradox. When small shops are mentioned, the independent retailer is often brought to mind. Yet, many small shops are operated by multiple retailers. Given the multiple expansion, there is a need to understand the roles and problems of the independent small shop in Scotland. Whilst Scotland may be no different in this regard to other parts of the UK and the world, its geography and new Parliament might suggest new solutions. This paper examines the roles and problems of the independent small shop before examining some of the solutions adopted in particular rural areas. A plea for a better understanding of such retail facilities is made. 相似文献