侯仁之 经世致用的学术人生

"我作为一个青年学生对当时称作文化古城的北平,心向往之,终于在一个初冬的傍晚,乘火车到了前门车站。当我在暮色苍茫中随着拥挤的人群走出车站时,巍峨的正阳门和浑厚的城墙蓦然出现在我眼前。一瞬之间,我好像突然感到一种历史的真实。从这时起,一粒饱含生机的种子就埋在了我的心田中。在相继而来的岁月里,尽管风雨飘摇,甚至狂飙陡起,摧屋拔木,但是这粒微小的种子,却一直处于萌芽状态,把我引进历史的殿堂。"——侯仁之     

大典本《新安志》的编修时间和佚文辑补

《永乐大典》收录的《新安志》是明代洪武初年朱同编修的《新安志》。此志久已亡佚,《永乐大典方志辑佚》收录该志的部分佚文。本文从现存徽州方志中摘录了几条朱同《新安志》的佚文,以为辑补。     

一对北魏时期的龙形金耳饰

2011年,大同御东恒安街一座坐北朝南向的北魏时期的偏室土洞墓出土墓铭砖、石灯、陶壶、陶罐、铁镜、项饰、金耳饰、云母片和水滴形铜饰片等器物①。墓铭砖上阴刻＂崔令珎妻韩法容＂七字（图1）。石灯白色砂岩质,底座上圆下方,圆形部分雕饰莲花瓣（图2）。该墓出土的大喇叭口陶壶,宽圆肩,壶身饰弦纹夹忍冬纹及水波纹,颈部施竖向暗纹（图3）。陶罐口沿外和颈下部均施三周凸弦纹,     

Evidence for a Neolithic Age fire-irrigation paddy cultivation system in the lower Yangtze River Delta,China

Establishing stable cropping systems was vital in antiquity, assuring certain yields and enabling ancient people to settle, thus possibly causing various modern food habits and culture to form around the world, especially in cereal-cultivation-dominated countries. China, one of the most famous ancient agricultural countries, has a long history of rice planting, and the fire-irrigation paddy cultivation system is prevalent in the lower Yangtze region, which is considered a rice domestication center. However, its origin and cultivation pattern remain unclear. We studied a famous agricultural vestige, the Chuodun site, involved in rice planting in the lower Yangtze River Delta in eastern China, during the Neolithic Age. Clear evidence from archaeology, paleobiology, pedology and biogeochemistry suggest both that the rice fire-irrigation cultivation system formed during the Neolithic Age and that ancient peoples lived there steadily. Under this extensive cultivation system, soil structures and properties changed significantly; in particular, it left more black carbon in the soil and increased the organic carbon soil stability, which can be used to reconstruct prehistoric environments. Meanwhile, the prevalent fire-irrigation paddy cultivation system used by farmers in this area, though for a different purpose than ancient people, may be inherited from the Neolithic Age.     

Beyond the Property Rights Approach: Welfare Policy and the Reform of State‐Owned Enterprises in China

During the pre‐reform era, Chinese state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) operated not only as firms, but also as mini‐welfare states, providing employees with lifetime employment, inexpensive housing, free health care, and pensions. Since China’s market transition began in the late 1970s, however, SOEs have had to bear increasingly heavy burdens for welfare provisions to their employees. The steep increase in welfare spending has not only eroded the base of state revenue, but has also impeded further SOE reforms. To lighten welfare burdens upon SOEs and to remove institutional obstacles to marketization and privatization embedded in the existing welfare system, the Chinese state has imposed many welfare reforms aimed at shifting responsibilities for welfare provision from SOEs to a combination of government, enterprises, communities, and individuals. This article examines the belated welfare reforms in China’s state sector and their impact upon the reform of SOEs. It finds that reform implementation has been sluggish. To achieve the policy goal of welfare reforms, high degrees of state autonomy and capacity are needed.     

“坎曼尔诗签”真乎,伪乎?

我国新疆出土于唐代元和年间的“坎曼尔诗签” ,在70年代初期于北京展出后 ,学术界引起很大震动 ,但也产生了一些不同观点的争论。本文围绕“诗签”的真伪问题 ,对主要观点作了述评     

美国“文化资源管理”的镜鉴

化遗产保护是一个国际性的课题,无论发达国家还是第三世界国家,在经济发展中都会面临如何妥善保护本国历史遗迹和物的严峻问题。而世界各国在处理发展和保护这对矛盾时,都有根据自己的国情而采取的一些成功经验。在世界经济一体化的过程中,各国也开始对自己的各种规章制度进行调节,与国际接轨,以适应日益频繁和密切的国际交流。而他国的各种成功经验也为我国所重视并加以科学的借鉴。     

《永乐大典》本《新安志》佚文订误七条

以淳熙《新安志》、弘治《徽州府志》、道光《徽州府志》为主要参考,广征其他文献资料,对《永乐大典》所收《新安志》的七条记载中的错误作了订正。