Soviet dilemmas

Archie Brown and Michael Kaser (eds), Soviet Policy for the 1980s, London, Macmillan, 1982, pp.282. £7.95 (paper)

David Childs, The GDR: Moscow's Ally, London, Allen & Unwin, 1983, pp.346. $19.95 (paper)

Ferenc Fehér and Agnes Heller, Hungary 1956 Revisited. The Message of a Revolution — a Quarter of a Century After, London, Allen & Unwin, 1983, pp.174. $29.95 (cloth)

Paul G. Lewis (ed.) Eastern Europe: Political Crisis and Legitimation, London & Sydney, Croom Helm, 1984, pp.202. $33.95 (cloth)

Borys Lewytzhyj, Politics and Society in Soviet Ukraine 1953–1980, Edmonton, Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies, 1984, pp.219. Can. $6.95 (paper)

Roy Medvedev, Khrushchev, Oxford, Blackwell, 1982, pp.292. $15.95 (paper)

Zhores Medvedev, Andropov: His Life and Death, Oxford, Blackwell, 1984, pp.255. $12.95 (paper)     

Book reviews

Laszlo Csaba (ed.). Systemic Change and Stabilization in Eastern Europe. Aldershot: Dartmouth, 1991. xi +141 pp. No price given.

Bradley R. Gitz. Armed Forces and Political Power in Eastern Europe. New York: Greenwood Press, 1992. x + 193 pp. No price given.

Leonid Gozman and Alexander Etkind. The Psychology of Post‐Totalitarianism in Russia. Translated by Roger Clarke. London: The Centre for Research into Communist Economies, 1992. 121 pp. £6.50 (paper).

Sten Berglund and Jan Ake Dellenbrant (eds). The New Democracies in Eastern Europe: Party Systems and Political Cleavages. Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1991. xii + 237 pp. £39.95.

Adam Przeworski. Democracy and the Market: Political and Economic Reforms in Eastern Europe and Latin America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. viii + 210 pp. $25.00 (paper).

Jyrki Iivonen (ed.). The Changing Soviet Union in the New Europe. Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1991. ix + 250pp. £35.00.

John McNair and Thomas Poole (eds). Russia and the Fifth Continent. Aspects of Russian‐Australian Relations. St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, 1992. xiv+292 pp. $29.95 (paper).

Alan Dupont. Australia's Threat Perceptions: A Search for Security. Canberra Papers on Strategy and Defence No.82. Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, 1991. 105 pp. $12.00 (paper).

Viberto Selochan. New Directions and New Thinking in Australia‐Southeast Asia Relations. Australia‐Asia Papers No.62. Centre For The Study of Australia‐Asia Relations, Griffith University, Brisbane, 1992. $8.00 (paper).

Michael Nicholson. Formal Theories in International Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. xiii + 254 pp. No price given.

Charles Reynolds. The World of States: An Introduction to Explanation and Theory. Aldershot, Hants.: Edward Elgar, 1992. xi + 236 pp. £38.50 (cloth), £12.95 (paper).

Rebecca Grant and Kathleen Newland (eds). Gender and International Relations. Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1991. xii +176 pp. $34.95 (paper).

Gisela Kaplan. Contemporary Western European Feminism. London: UCL Press; Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 1992. xxvi + 340 pp. $24.95 (paper).

J.W. De Pauw and G.A. Luz (eds). Winning the Peace: Vie Strategic Implications of Military Civic Action. New York: Praeger, 1992. xvi + 238 pp. $US49.95.

Martin Shaw. Post‐Military Society. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1991. viii + 229 pp. $32.95 (paper).

Ian Bellany. A Basis for Arms Control. Aldershot: Dartmouth, 1991. ix+155 pp. No price given. Serge Sur (ed.). Verification of Current Disarmament and Arms Limitation Agreements: Ways, Means and Practices. Aldershot: Dartmouth, 1991. ix+396 pp. £35.00.

D. Rueschemeyer, E.H. Stephens and J.D. Stephens (eds). Capitalist Development and Democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1992. xi+387 pp. $45.00 (paper).

A.M. Messina, L.R. Fraga, L.A. Rhodebeck and F.D. Wright (eds). Ethnic and Racial Minorities in Advanced Industrial Democracies. New York: Greenwood Press, 1992. xiv + 353 pp. $49.95. Harry Goulbourne. Ethnicity and Nationalism in Post‐Imperial Britain. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. xiv+271 pp. $110.00.

Yoram Dinstein and Mala Tabory (eds). The Protection of Minorities and Human Rights. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1992. xii + 537 pp. $US168.00.

John Zametica (ed.). British Officials and British Foreign Policy, 1945–50. Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1990. 256 pp. $29.50.

R.A. Levine (ed.). Transition and Turmoil in the Atlantic Alliance. New York: Crane Russak, 1992. x+285 pp. £18.00 (paper).

Mark Borthwick (with contributions by selected authors). Pacific Century: The Emergence of Modem Pacific‐Asia. Boulder, Co.: Westview Press, 1992. xv+590 pp. SUS54.95 (cloth), $US24.95 (paper).

Robert G. Sutter. East Asia and the Pacific. Challenges for US Policy. Boulder, Co.: Westview Press, 1992. vii + 182 pp. $33.95 (paper).

Toshio Watanabe. Asia: Its Growth and Agony. Honolulu: East‐West Center, Institute for Economic Development and Policy, 1992. xiv+175 pp. $US16.00 (paper).

Wang Jiye and T.H. Hull (eds). Population and Development Planning in China. Sydney. Allen and Unwin, 1991. xx + 311 pp. $24.95 (paper).

Ruth McVey (ed.). Southeast Asian Capitalists. Ithaca, NY: Southeast Asia Program, Cornell University, 1992. 218 pp. No price given.

Heiner Hänggi. ASEAN and the ZOPFAN Concept. Pacific Strategy Paper No.4. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1991. 82 pp. $US9.00 (paper).

Joel S. Kahn and Francis Loh Kok Wah (eds). Fragmented Vision: Culture and Politics in Contemporary Malaysia. Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 1992. vi + 327 pp. $24.95 (paper).

Joan Hardjono (ed.). Indonesia: Resources, Ecology, and Environment. Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1991. xvi + 262 pp. $44.95.

Shannon L. Smith. The Politics of Indonesian Rainforests. Monash University Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, Working Paper No.76, 1992. 59 pp. $6.00.

Amando Doronila. The State, Economic Transformation, and Political Change in the Philippines, 1946–1972. Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1992. xii+199 pp. $37.50.

K.E. Bauzon. Liberalism and the Quest for Islamic Identity in the Philippines. Durham, NC: The Acorn Press, 1991. ix + 219 pp. No price given.

Philippe Regnier. Singapore: City State in South‐East Asia. London: Christopher Hurst, 1991. 301 pp. £27.50.

Dean Forbes, Terence Hull, David Marr and Brian Brogan (eds). Dot Moi: Vietnam's Renovation, Policy and Performance. Political and Social Change Monograph No.14. Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, 1991. 263 pp. $18.00 (paper).

M.C. Williams. Vietnam at the Crossroads. London: Pinter/Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1992. viii + 104 pp. £22.50 (cloth), £8.95 (paper).

David P. Chandler. A History of Cambodia. Second edition. Boulder, Co.: Westview Press/Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 1992. xvi + 287 pp. $29.95.

Michael Haas. Cambodia, Pol Pot and the United States: The Faustian Pact. New York: Praeger, 1991. xv+ 163 pp. $US37.95.

Helen M. Hintjens and Malyn D.D. Newitt (eds). The Political Economy of Small Tropical Islands: The Importance of Being Small. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 1992. xxii + 247 pp. £29.50.

Elizabeth Watkins. Jomo's Jailor: Grand Warrior of Kenya. The Life of Leslie Whitehouse. Calais: Mulberry Books, 1992. xv+266 pp. £8.50 (paper).

John Rowland. Two Transitions: Indochina 1952–1955, Malaysia 1969–1972. Australians in Asia Series No.8. Centre for the Study of Australia‐Asia Relations, Griffith University, Brisbane, 1992. 69 pp. $8.00 (paper).

L.A. Crozier. The Golden Land. Australians in Asia Series No.9. Centre for the Study of Australia‐Asia Relations, Griffith University, Brisbane, 1992. 109 pp. $12.00 (paper).     

Punctuated Equilibrium Theory and the Diffusion of Innovations

This article builds on punctuated equilibrium theory to evaluate the diffusion of public policy innovations in the United States. The article argues that punctuated equilibrium theory provides a unifying framework for understating three mechanisms leading to the diffusion of innovations: gradual policy diffusion driven by incremental policy emulation, rapid state‐to‐state diffusion driven by policy imitation and mimicking, and nearly immediate policy diffusion driven by state‐level responses to a common exogenous shock. Drawing upon the Bass mixed influence diffusion model, this research generates measures of the coefficients of external and internal influences for diffusion for 81 public policy innovations that have spread across the United States. The article then evaluates how the policy image and direct participation of the federal government contribute to distinct patterns of diffusion over time.     

Site formation processes in caves: The Holocene sediments of the Haua Fteah,Cyrenaica, Libya

Caves have yielded some of the most globally important archaeological sequences, but often their interpretation has suffered from assumptions about cave sedimentary processes. Caves contain distinctive sedimentary environments: this has major implications for the understanding of contained archaeological materials. This paper describes and analyses the Holocene sediments in the Haua Fteah, a sequence regarded as essentially continuous by the original excavator. 50 years after it was first excavated, the Haua's Epipalaeolithic to post-Classical chronological range and rich finds make it still the key Holocene archaeological site in North Africa. The reassessment shows, however, that the sequence is strongly discontinuous and this has major implications for the reinterpretation of the site, as the highly-resolved archaeological record is thus likely to reflect a series of brief occupations, rather than continuous human activity. As with many caves, the sedimentary record in the Haua Fteah is an extremely sensitive indicator of environments and processes in the wider landscape. Secure understanding of sedimentary process, from analysis of the highly individual records found in caves, is essential for full understanding of their contained archaeology.     

Introduction: The International Politics of Resources

Abstract

China, Japan and Korea’s international relations are shaped by the fact that all three are significant importers of resources. This Introduction proposes two conceptual frameworks for understanding the politics that is taken up in the papers of this Special Issue. The first is to consider the extent to which there is an East Asian model of resource procurement. We find that there are some similarities in the approaches taken by all three countries; for example, their development assistance shares a focus on infrastructure building and a reticence to purposefully influence domestic politics. There are, however, also significant differences due in large part to the individual nature of the states as international actors. The second conceptual framework is the broad contemporary theme of the end of Western dominance of the world order. The main way this affects the international politics of resources in Northeast Asia is through the belief that the activities of those countries are threatening in some way. In some cases Northeast Asian approaches to resources are seen as a problem because they are not sufficiently liberal, whereas in others the problem is that Northeast Asian powers are seen as replacing Western powers in exploiting resource-rich developing countries.     

World Heritage Cultural Landscapes

The concept of cultural landscapes has a long and varied lineage, including antecedents in geography and ecomuseums, and can be applied at all scales. In the 1990s, the World Heritage Committee adopted cultural landscapes as an additional category of property as part of its strategy to broaden the scope of World Heritage listings. By July 2006, there were 53 properties inscribed on the World Heritage List and officially recognised as being cultural landscapes. Such recognition is an acknowledgement of the importance of human–environment interactions, especially those of a more traditional type. Not surprisingly, cultural landscapes have their own particular management issues, as well as sharing others with World Heritage properties in general. These properties, however, also present many opportunities to increase people’s understanding of both cultural and environmental values important to the future of humankind on a global level.