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<正>刘歆益:请谈谈你的学生时代和你第一次参加考古发掘的经历。巴克:我所认识的大多数考古学家都是在上大学之前就参加考古发掘了。比如我爱人3安妮·格兰特(Annie Grant),她在13岁时就参加了考古发掘。我不一样。上中学时,我的兴趣并不在考古学。我到剑桥本来读的是古典学,学习拉丁文和古希腊文等。在读了两年古典学后,我转到了考古系。在古典系学习那段时间,我并未太多涉猎考古学,但读过一两本考古著作。后来,圣约翰学院里4有一个人和我谈起他对考古学的热情,他和我讲了 相似文献
64.
The Evolution of Administrative Systems in Kuwait,Saudi Arabia,and Qatar: The Challenge of Implementing Market Based Reforms 下载免费PDF全文
Mhamed Biygautane MA Paula Gerber PhD Graeme Hodge PhD 《Domes : digest of Middle East studies》2017,26(1):97-126
The dramatic plunge in oil prices since the second half of 2014 poses serious challenges for the oil dependent states of Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar, and revives their interest in accelerating the implementation of market‐based reforms such as outsourcing, privatization, and public–private partnerships. This article challenges the assumption that these reforms offer a panacea for administrative change, and argues that while they might appear to be a solution to the growing fiscal constraints in the three Gulf states, considerable administrative, cultural, economic, and political barriers hinder their effective implementation. The conclusion reached is that western labels of market‐based reforms offer limited options for the three states in the absence of strong political will to make fundamental reforms that could alter the state–society relations. It is suggested that further theorization of administrative change is required in cultural contexts, such as the Gulf region, where administration and society are intertwined, and where trying to minimize the role and size of the state, poses a direct threat to the political legitimacy of the ruling elites. 相似文献
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Graeme MacRae 《International Journal of Heritage Studies》2017,23(9):846-859
In 2012 the UNESCO World Heritage Committee added to its World Heritage List the ‘Cultural Landscape of Bali Province: the subak system as a manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana Philosophy’. Barely a year later, UNESCO had become sufficiently concerned about reports of various problems that it advised the Government of Indonesia of these concerns. Through ethnographic study of the initial implementation of the listing, this article reveals problems of uncontrolled development, and disputes over the allocation of benefits to local communities, and challenges to effective governance. It focuses on two key locations of the site, offering an analysis of problems, their causes and effects. Beginning with the premise that the gulf of understanding between the global World Heritage system and local communities often creates a range of unintended consequences, this article reveals the many ‘awkward engagements’ that have emerged ‘on the ground’ in Bali as local agencies of government are left to their own devices to manage the World Heritage site. 相似文献
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Kate Davison Pavel Dolukhanov Graeme R. Sarson Anvar Shukurov 《Journal of archaeological science》2006
The causes and implications of the regional variations in the spread of the incipient agriculture in Europe remain poorly understood. We use population dynamics models to study the dispersal of the Neolithic in Europe from a localised area in the Near East, solving the two-dimensional reaction-diffusion equation on a spherical surface. We focus on the role of major river paths and coastlines in the advance of farming, to model the rapid advances of the Linear Pottery (LBK) and the Impressed Ware traditions along the Danube–Rhine corridor and the Mediterranean coastline, respectively. We argue that the random walk of individuals, which results in diffusion of the population, can be anisotropic in those areas and hence lead to an effective advection. The standard reaction-diffusion equation is thus supplemented with an advection term, confined to the proximity of major rivers and coastlines. The model allows for the spatial variation in both the human mobility (diffusivity) and the carrying capacity, reflecting the local altitude and latitude. This approach can easily be generalised to include other environmental factors, such as the bioproductivity of landscapes. Our model successfully accounts for the regional variations in the spread of the Neolithic, consistent with the radiocarbon data, and reproduces a time delay in the spread of farming to the Eastern Europe, Britain and Scandinavia. 相似文献
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Thomas R. Kerr Graeme T. Swindles Gill Plunkett 《Journal of archaeological science》2009,36(12):2868-2874
The Early Medieval period in Ireland (c. A.D. 400–1150) has been the subject of much archaeological and historical study. The recent application of various forms of archaeological sciences, as well as palaeoenvironmental studies, to the archaeological record have, however, added fresh impetus to this study area. It seems increasingly evident that significant changes to economy and society occurred during this period and were not recorded in detail in the contemporary documentary sources. This paper will attempt to outline those changes and to assess whether, or to what extent, they were influenced by climate change. 相似文献
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Libya's archaeological heritage is truly spectacular, comparatively little studied and hugely under threat. Following an extended
period of isolation, improvement in Libya's relations with the rest of the world and a rise in the price of oil have stimulated
a huge amount of development in the country, especially in the hydrocarbon and infrastructure sectors of the economy. With
a rapidly growing population, and expanding youth unemployment, the Libyan government is attempting to develop a new way forward
for its society and economy. Archaeology and heritage have not traditionally been high on Libya's agenda. The custodian of
Libyan heritage, the Department of Antiquities, has been poorly supported by the state (perhaps in part relating to postcolonial
Libya's ambivalent feelings towards its past) and is now badly positioned to deal with the nature and scale of development
threats in the cities, the agricultural zone, and especially the desert where the greatest number of heritage assets are located.
Most major development projects in these areas and elsewhere have been undertaken with little or no archaeological impact
assessment, monitoring or mitigation activities, with unfortunate consequences for buried and standing archaeological remains.
There are some encouraging signs of a sea change in the state's attitude to archaeology, heritage, conservation and tourism. 相似文献
70.
Jay Rajapakse Semone Rainer‐Smith Graeme J. Millar Peter Grace Allison Hutton Wendy Hoy Christine Jeffries‐Stokes Brian Hudson 《Geographical Research》2019,57(2):178-188
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is important in the fields of public health and health geography because of its heavy burden on the health system and high cost of treatment in its advanced stages. The causes of CKD are associated with diabetes and hypertension, but in some parts of the world, the disease occurs in the absence of these factors. Researchers identify this condition as CKD of “unknown” causes (CKDu). CKDu is a multi‐factored health problem and one suspected causal factor is contaminated drinking water. The disease occurs globally but is found in particularly high concentrations among people of certain ethnic and disadvantaged social groups living in very different locations around the world. CKD has become endemic in Western Australia where hospital admissions for Aboriginal people requiring renal dialysis or treatment for diabetes are much higher than for the general population. The possible proportions of CKDu cases among the CKD patients are unknown. This study examines the drinking water quality among communities such as these. Water chemistry analysis in these areas indicates that the nitrate and uranium content greatly exceed officially recommended levels. Most of these communities rely on raw groundwater to supply their domestic needs, and it is very likely that the people are unwittingly ingesting high levels of nitrates and uranium, probably including uranyl nitrates. Very few such remote communities have access to treated drinking water, and cost‐effective water treatment systems are required to provide potable water at the local scale. 相似文献