略谈魏晋的杂传

魏晋时代是我国政治、文化发生重大变迁的时代,同时在魏晋时期史部的地位上升,摆脱了《汉书·艺文志》中经学的附属地位,而魏晋杂传的大量出现是推动史部地位上升的重要动力。杂传的产生与魏晋时代品评人物的社会风气有着密切的关联,本文主要通过分析郡书、家传、别传三种类型的杂传,来探讨杂传与当时的社会风气,尤其是士族文化之间的关系。     

莫友芝所撰莫氏《甲辰家规》及其史料价值

莫友芝(1811-1871)是晚清贵州著名的学者、宋诗派的代表诗人之一,与郑珍皆被人目为西南巨儒,在文学史、艺术史、学术史上都很有贡献.他生平著述繁富,除已刊刻行世的《郘亭诗钞》、《郘亭遗诗》、《影山词》、《郘亭遗文》、《宋元旧本书经眼录》、《郘亭知见传本书目》、《遵义府志》(与郑珍合著)、《黔诗纪略》、《唐写本说文木部笺异》、《樗茧注》(郑珍著,莫友芝注)、《韵学源流》、《古今集联》、《持静斋藏书记要》等十数种外,散佚人间的重要未刊手稿还有很多,如现藏于中国社会科学院文学研究所善本室的《甲辰家规》(甲辰即道光二十四年,1844),收在莫友芝手稿《郘亭文集》中.其封面有庸斋题记:     

汉代庙制问题探讨

西汉采用了每帝各专一庙的“独宫庙制”,并因时立制广设郡国庙,空前强化了宗庙的政权象征作用。从汉元帝时开始,依照儒家经典变革庙制,废置了郡国庙,并初步确立了按昭穆迭毁宗庙的庙制原则。东汉前期,创立了“同堂异室”的庙制形式,西汉诸帝和东汉诸帝分祭于高祖庙和世祖庙。献帝初平年间,虽然采纳蔡邕建议,实行了以“天子七庙”为核心的复古改革,但却没有改变“同堂异室”的庙制形式。     

Chemical profiling of a 130-year-old manuscript reveals the early use of synthetic lead white correction fluid in ancient China

In practice, correction fluid to mask text errors has been continuously in demand since papers began to be predominantly used since the late fourth century AD in ancient China. However, research on the trajectory of correction fluid composition has been largely overlooked and has not been revealed currently. In this study, a multianalytical approach was used to investigate a thin whiteout layer, used as correction fluids applied in 1890, on a book page from the famous Imperial Encyclopedia (1726 bronze-type repaint version). The results showed that the white layer was composed of hydrocerussite ((PbCO₃)₂·Pb (OH)₂) in mixture with plant oil and a tiny portion of calcium carbonate, which had been applied to conceal the originally printed Chinese characters upon which they were rewritten in preparing photographic negatives for reprinting using photolithography. The analysis results also suggest that lead white was likely domestically made using a local lead ore source by the wet synthetic process. Considering the prolonged use of orpiment (As₂S₃) as a correction fluid ingredient in Chinese tradition, a trajectory to lead white suggests not only advances in pulping and papermaking technology but also a shift in cultural habits and aesthetic psychology in the late Qing Dynasty.     

城镇土地定级与估价管理系统设计及应用

城镇土地定级与估价工作,需要大量的计算与制图,为了提高工作效率,避免重复输入,使数据共享,我们研制了集定级与估价为一体的管理系统。本文介绍了该系统的设计思想、结构、功能、特点及应用结果。     

城镇标准地块空间定位探讨——以重庆市九龙坡区为例

根据重庆市建立标定地价体系的科学实践,提出城镇标准地块空间定位的技术途径为:从分析土地级别内各定级单元土地质量空间分布规律或房地产市场价格空间分布规律入手,采用定级单元总分平衡法和房地产市场价格平衡法确定标准单元,依据功能特征评价成果将标准地块定位。     

洛阳与汴梁:文化重心与政治重心的分离——关于11世纪80年代理学历史与思想的考察

11世纪七八十年代 ,北宋逐渐形成一个介于国家 (皇权 )与民众(个人 )之间的士绅阶层 ,他们以思想与国家分庭抗礼 ,以文化权力抵消着政治权力 ,试图使文化重心与政治中心取得平衡。而这种文化权力为了与政治权力对抗 ,逐渐建构了一种超越一切甚至是皇权之上的“理” ,作为批评政治的理论根据。他们用重新叙述和解释过的“道统”说、“性情”说以及新的经典 ,建构一种高调的道德理想主义与温和的文化保守主义思路 ,这就是后来理学兴起的基本背景。由于在位官僚与赋闲官僚的趋向不同 ,现实策略与文化理想的思路矛盾 ,使中国出现了前所未有的“政统”与“道统”、“师”与“吏”、政治重心与文化重心的分离和对立。     

关于夏商周碳十四年代框架

中国历史教科书将翻开新的一页,因为新的夏商周三代年表公布了,它将中国有确切纪年的历史向前推进了 １２２９年。 由历史学、天文学、考古学和Ｃ测年技术等学科的２００多位专家参加的我国建国以来社会科学领域规模最大的科学研究项目—夏商周断代工程,历经４年多的时间,终于实现了既定的目标,建立了三代年表。这标志着我国在年代学方面的研究又迈上了新的台阶。 夏商周三代年表从西周共和元年的公元前８４１年到公元前２０７０年跨越中国早期的三个朝代,总年数长达１０００多年,中间涉及了许多重要的年代定点和时段。其复杂性、其…     

Palaeoenvironmental significance of grain-size distribution of river flood deposits: a study of the archaeological sites of the Apengjiang River Drainage,upper Yangtze region,Chongqing, China

The grain-size distribution (based on cumulative probability curves) in the sediments produced by potential palaeofloods at the Shiniusi archaeological site is similar to that of modern flood sediments from the Wujiang River Drainage in the upper Yangtze River. There is an obvious pattern in the curves, with two segments, and the mean grain size (Mz), standard deviations (σ1), skewness, and kurtosis are all similar. Combined with the AMS¹⁴C dating data and the ages judged based on the presence of cultural remains, our data suggests frequent palaeoflood events within the Wujiang River Drainage. We hypothesize the existence of seven high flood possibility layers in the QST4 unit from Shiniusi archaeological site: during the periods of the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644 AD) to the Qing Dynasty (1616–1911 AD), and the end of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770 BC–256 BC) to the Shang Dynasty (1600–1100 BC). We also hypothesize ten high flood probability layers in the QST2 unit from Shiniusi archaeological site: during the periods of the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the periods of Song Dynasty (960–1279 AD) to the Yuan Dynasty (1206–1368 AD), as well as during the Han Dynasty (207 BC–220 AD) to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770 BC–256 BC). These results are consistent with palaeoflood events inferred from pollen and spore analysis and from historical records in other rivers.     

Senior Officials in Tibet Appointed by the Government of the Republic of China： Case Study of Lu Hsing-Chi and Others

After the Qing Dynasty was overthrown by the Revolution of I9II, the newly established government of the Republic of China （ROC） was confronted with a dilemma：the warlords were fighting each other and the foreign imperialists were waiting for opportunities to expand their interests in China. Even so, the new Republic government set out a series of political system reforms. As the most important part of political system, the official system directly reflected the reforms.