关于新砦期遗存研究的几个问题

新砦期遗存是近年来学术界关注的一个热点问题。文章在前人研究成果的基础上依据新砦遗址、花地嘴遗址的最新考古发现提出将新砦期遗存独立为一个新的文化——新砦文化。新砦文化的分布范围仍属于广义的豫西地区,其中分布区可暂分伊洛下游区(含郑州市区)和颍汝区两个小区;文化类型上可分为新砦类型和花地嘴类型。新砦文化的性质属于夏文化,夏文化包括新砦文化和二里头文化。     

海派与京津派之浅析

京派与海派曾发生过激烈之争,鲁迅在20世纪30年代发表过《“京派”与“海派”》一文。他认为：北京是明清的帝都,上海乃各国之租界。帝都多官,租界多商,所以文人之在京者近官,沿海者近商。近官者在使官得名,近商者在使商获利。而自以赖以糊口,要而言之。不过“京派”是官的帮闲;“海派”则是商的帮忙而已。以今人的眼光去看当时对“京派”及“海派”的议论,会觉得有些偏颇。     

危机意识与日本的文化特性

日本民族是一个危机意识浓重的民族,这在他们的心理特征、思想观念以及日常生活的细节当中都有充分的体现。而日本人的这种浓重的危机意识使得他们在很多方面与众不同。可以毫不夸张地说,日本人被认为是世界上的怪异民族,日本的文化被称为异质文化,与他们的那种浓重的危机意识均不无关系。     

南京总统府遗址明汉王府质疑

本文就南京总统府是否明汉王府遗址提出质疑,并沿着诸多的史料记载,根据明清志书所绘的官衙、府第和街道等处的方位图示,以理清南京总统府所在之沿革变迁。     

西部民族经济跨越式发展的途径

跨越式发展是一个过程,是经济发展质量和水平的整体跃升。正确理解跨越式发展的思想理论,对中国西部民族地区经济发展具有重要的理论和现实指导意义。     

试述制约旅游业有效竞争的因素与对策

本文对目前市场中存在制约旅游企业有效竞争的因素进行分析,并提出相应对策.     

浓写淡抹总相宜——温州博物馆馆藏海派名家书画展

2007年11月初，一场以海派书画名家作品为主题的展览在温州博物馆书画馆登场。这次共展出作品72幅。是温州博物馆半个多世纪收藏的海派书画精品。该展展至2008年2月底结束。     

The Search for National Identity and Japanese Industrial Policy, 1950–1969

Abstract. Economic nationalism reflected in Japanese industrial policy experienced two distinctive stages during 1950–69. It was fragmented in the 1950s as political actors held competing perceptions of national interest and consequently asserted contesting strategies for industrial policy. The tensions between the conservative and the progressive eventually led to a clash in 1960 on the issue of the renewal of the Japan–US security treaty. Economic nationalism began to unify the country in the 1960s as political actors were able to build a consensus on national interest based on economic growth and united around a grand strategy of high growth and liberalisation of trade. During this transition, the perceived external threat to the nation was a major force in generating the momentum for economic nationalism in policy-making, while a fair distribution of economic welfare among social classes through industrial policy was indispensable for economic nationalism to obtain public support.     

Micro-CT investigation of ostrich eggshell beads collected from Locality 12, the Shuidonggou site,China

Ostrich eggshell (OES) beads are an important kind of human ornaments, because their production reflects the development of modern human behavior, thinking ability, and cognitive level. Although the manufacture procedure of OES beads has been reconstructed in some Later Stone Age sites and early Neolithic sites, little information is known about detailed drilling technologies. In this study, synchrotron radiation micro-CT (SR-μCT) was firstly used to scan OES beads to understand microstructure, drilling marks, and perforation shape in a non-destructive mode. In contrast to other method to research drilling technologies, SR-μCT has a unique advantage that it could eliminate the influence of the adhering soils in a perforation in case that they are not easily removed. The results indicate that (1) SR-μCT could differentiate the eggshell species between Struthio camelus and Struthio anderssoni in terms of pore distribution. Compared to other destructive methods, including the anatomical method, DNA and protein analysis, the species identification through SR-μCT is non-destructive and faster; (2) the outer and inner surface of OES could be non-destructively judged according to OES microstructure, which would help infer the drilling direction; and (3) the perforation shape and drilling marks are distinct between the discontinuous twisting drilling and the multi-rotary drilling methods on the basis of replication experiments. According to these criteria, SR-μCT was applied to examine OES beads found in Locality 12 of the Shuidonggou (SDG) site in China, which were probably discarded in 1.1 k yr BP. The results show that most of ancient beads were firstly drilled from inside. According to the perforation shape and drilling marks, both the twisting drilling and the multi-rotary drilling method with different kinds of drill bits were used in working beads. Therefore, the people in SDG site mastered a few drilling technologies in the early Holocene, and the use of the multi-rotary drilling method reflects the technical development of ancient people. Up to our knowledge, it is the earliest known evidence of the application of the multi-rotary drilling method in China. Furthermore, this study will provide a new approach and important reference to understand drilling technologies of much older OES beads in the Later Stone Age or Upper Paleolithic Age.     

Asynchronous,Iterative, and Parallel Procedures for Solving the Weighted-Region Least Cost Path Problem

A family of local, asynchronous, iterative, and parallel procedures (LAIPPs) are described. These procedures are designed to find least cost paths (LCPs) in bounded regions of the plane that have been partitioned into triangular subregions. The unit cost of traversing a given subregion is uniform within the subregion, but varies between subregions. In the case of one-dimensional chains of triangles, the procedures are guaranteed to converge to a global LCP. Although the procedures are guaranteed to terminate, we have so far been unable to prove, in the general case of a two-dimensional triangulation, that the procedures always terminate in admissible paths. Extensive experimental investigations, however, have revealed convergence to admissible paths in all cases examined. While counterexamples are constructed to prove that the procedures may converge to the local rather than global LCPs, convergence to the global LCP was found to occur in nearly all of our experimental investigations. The computational complexity of the procedures, as measured by the number of iterations required for convergence, was found experimentally to be independent of the size of the domain in which the paths lay, and to be slightly greater than linear in the Euclidian length of the paths. The complexity was also found to depend on the cost structure of the domain. Such LAIPPs appear to be promising procedures for both application and further investigation. In particular, the question of convergence is an interesting problem.