'Pomorze' or 'Preussen'? Polish Perspectives on Early Modern Prussian History

The attitudes of Polish historical scholarship towards the historyof early modern Prussia has been deeply marked by the partitionsof Poland and the anti-Polish coalition between Prussia, Russiaand Austria, which denied Poland its own statehood for wellover a century. In contrast to nineteenth-century German ‘Landesgeschichte’,which focused on local research and archival resources, historiansfrom Poland have usually opted to stay more within patternsof national history-writing. When the Polish state was reconstitutedafter the First World War, hostilities built up between Germanand Polish historical schools on Prussia, expressed in the NationalDemocratic-influenced myl zachodnia (Western thought) on thePolish side, and a not less expansionist Ostforschung on theother side of the border. It was only after the catastropheof the Second World War, the redrawing of national borders ineast central Europe, and under the influence of Marxist historicalconcepts in the People's Republic of Poland that nationalistapproaches as well as the ‘black legend’ of thePrussia's past were temporarily suppressed and finally replacedby a more research-led scholarship. During the second half ofthe twentieth century, Polish historiography was in fact muchquicker and more thorough than its German counterpart to forgethe history of Prussia into a major academic subject. Sincethe 1980s, if not earlier, an extremely fruitful dialogue hasdeveloped between scholars—a dialogue which does not alwayspenetrate journalistic and public awareness, as recent polemicssurrounding the controversially planned ‘Centre for Expulsions’in Berlin have shown.     

Zivile Umnutzung militärischer Standorte Brandenburgs Initiative für ein Konversionsnetzwerk im Ostseeraum

Abstrakt Mehr als 600.000 Hektar ehemaliger Milit?rfl?chen stehen seit Ende des Kalten Krieges im Ostseeraum einer zivilen Nutzung zur Verfügung. Auch nach 15 Jahren ist der Strukturwandel in den am st?rksten betroffenen Regionen nicht vollendet. Die Liegenschaftskonversion und die mit ihr verbundene Beseitigung milit?rischer Altlasten bleibt eine langfristige Aufgabe. Das internationale Netzwerk CONVERNET hat mit Unterstützung der Europ?ischen Union betroffene Partner im Ostseeraum zusammengeführt und damit die grenzübergreifende Dimension der Herausforderung sichtbar gemacht. Gemeinsam wurden Strategien erarbeitet, wie mit der Liegenschaftskonversion künftig umzugehen ist.     

La Pensée Comme Expérience Vécue

The core of our essay is the “psychology of thought” (Denkpsychologie), which was elaborated by the Würzburg School at the beginning of the 20^th century. We will show how this School synthesized two contemporary trends: Brentano’s project of a psychology from an empirical point of view and the use of experiments beyond the limits of perception. Through the works of Karl Bühler, we will criticize the legitimacy of the psychologistic approach, which was applied to all psychological schools of thought participating in the debate on the nature of thought. We will also discuss the Bühlerian idea of a present knowledge, which aims to avoid the consequence of mind localization, a very tempting issue for the psychology of thought.