THE EMPLOYMENT CREATION EFFECTS OF FACTOR SUBSIDIES: SOME ESTIMATES FOR NORTHERN IRELAND MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, 1955-1983

In this paper, I use estimates of the parameters of an industry demand function and a CES production function for Northern Ireland manufacturing in order to measure the relative impact of factor subsidies on employment, capital, and output. A simulation model is able to differentiate the output and substitution effects of subsidies. The results indicate that since manufacturing industry in the province tends to operate with a labor-intensive technology and, since its price-elasticity of demand for output is very low, the employment creating effects of capital subsidies are strongly negative.     

Tokugawa Confucian Sermons as Popular Emotional Education: The Moral and Pedagogical Philosophy of Hosoi Heishū*

This article contributes to the growing literature on the nexus of religion and emotion, thinking through the ways in which historians of Japan can make interventions in the field, and exploring research methodologies that speak to a pre‐modern and non‐Christian milieu. In looking to the moral and pedagogical philosophy of Hosoi Heishū (1728–1801), a Tokugawa Confucian teacher and itinerant preacher, this article places an emphasis on the use of contextualised and historically‐specific emic categories of belief and feeling. To do so, it explores the popularising movement of Japanese Confucianism in the late eighteenth century, tracing Hosoi's development of vernacular sermonising and his identification of emotion as both a subject and object of instruction. His rhetorical style and pedagogy is unpacked, followed by an analysis of his popular reception, before turning to a sermon case study to observe these ideas in action. This article offers new insights into the viewing habits and emotional expectations of Tokugawa audiences, underscoring the ways in which emotion terms and concepts can change meaning in how they are defined, embodied, expressed, and valued as part of a broader habitus.     

Book reviews

CHINA

SUSAN BROWNELL and JEFFREY N. WASSERSTROM (eds). Chinese Femininities/ Chinese Masculinities: a Reader. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002. 460 pp. US$24.95, paper.

LEO T. S. CHING. Becoming “Japanese”: colonial Taiwan and the Politics of Identity Formation. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 2001. xii, 251 pp. Introduction, notes, bibliography, index. US$18.95, paper.

PAMELA KYLE CROSSLEY. A Translucent Mirror: History and Identity in Qing Imperial Ideology. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999. xiv, 361 pp. US$45.00, hardcover.

STEPHANIE HEMELRYK DONALD, MICHAEL KEANE and YIN HONG (eds). Media in China: consumption, Content and Crisis. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2002. 240 pp. Tables, figures, notes on contributors, bibliography, index. £55.00, hardcover.

EDMUND S. K. FUNG. In Search of Chinese Democracy: civil Opposition in Nationalist China, 1929–1949. Cambridge, New York and Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 2000. 352 pp. A$125.00, hardcover.

FEI FEI LI, ROBERT SABELLA and DAVID LIU (eds). Nanking 1937 : memory and Healing. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2002. Foreword by Perry Link, index. 278 pp. US$23.95, paper.

DAVID SHAMBAUGH (ed). Is China Unstable? Assessing the Factors. Armonk and London: M. E. Sharpe, 2000. £35.37, hardcover; £18.95, paper.

YANG LIAN. Yi. Translated from the Chinese by Mabel Lee. Copenhagen, Los Angeles: Green Integer, 2002. 361 pp. US$14.95, paper.

YANG LIAN. Notes of a Blissful Ghost. Translated from the Chinese by Brian Holton. Shatin, Hong Kong: Renditions Paperbacks, 2002. 160 pp. US$14.95, paper.

XUEPING ZHONG, WANG ZHEN and BAI DI (eds). Some of Us: Chinese Women Growing Up in the Mao Era. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2001. 208 pp. US$58.00, hardcover; US$22.00, paper.

JAPAN AND KOREA

NOREEN JONES. Number 2 Home: story of Japanese Pioneers in Australia. Fremantle: Fremantle Arts Centre Press, 2002. 224 pp. A$24.95, paper.

MARK McLELLAND. Male Homosexuality in Modern Japan: cultural Myths and Social Realities. Richmond, Surrey: Curzon Press, 2000. 268 pp. £17.99, paper.

LINDA S. LEWIS. Laying Claim to the Memory of May: a Look Back at the 1980 Kwangju Uprising. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2002. US$19.95, paper.

HENRY SCOTT‐STOKES and LEE JAI‐EUI (eds). The Kwangju Uprising: eyewitness Press Accounts of Korea's Tiananmen. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 2000. US$37.50, hardcover; US$18.95, paper.

SOUTHEAST ASIA

MARC ASKEW. Bangkok: place, Practice and Representation. London and New York: Routledge, 2002. US$90.00, hardcover; US$26.95, paper.

ANTHONY MILNER. The Invention of Politics in Colonial Malaya. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. viii, 328 pp. Map, index and select bibliography. A$49.95, paper.

SHIGEHARU TANABE and CHARLES F. KEYES (eds). Cultural Crisis and Social Memory: modernity and Identity in Thailand and Laos. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2002. xii, 312 pp. Index. £55.00, hardcover.

C. J. W‐L. WEE (ed). Local Cultures and the “New Asia”: the State, Culture and Capitalism in Southeast Asia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS), 2002. x, 245 pp. US$ 49.90/S$ 73.90, hardcover; US$ 25.90/S$ 39.90, paper.

GENERAL ASIA

TANI BARLOW (ed). New Asian Marxisms. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2002. 422 pp. US$27.95, paper; US$79.95, hardcover.

T. FUJITANI, GEOFFREY M. WHITE and LISA YONEYAMA (eds). Perilous Memories: the Asia‐Pacific War(s). Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2001. 462 pp. US$59.95, hardcover; US$19.95, paper.

MARGARET JOLLY and KALPANA RAM (eds). Borders of Being: citizenship, Fertility and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2001. 326 pp. US$59.50, cloth; US$24.95, paper.

RAJINI SRIKANTH and ESTHER Y. IWANAGA (eds). Bold Words: a Century of Asian‐American Writing. New Brunswick, New Jersey and London: Rutgers University Press, 2001. 442 pp. US$59.00, hardcover; US$25.00, paper.

OUYANG YU. Two Hearts, Two Tongues, and Rain‐Coloured Eyes. Broadway, NSW: Wild Peony Press, 2002. 119 pp. No price given, paper.

ZIJIE PAN. Vostok/This Could Have Happened to You. Broadway, NSW: Wild Peony Press, 2002. 94 pp. No price given, paper.     

Housing tenure and social classes in Kingston Ontario 1881–1901

Housing once again became the subject of political struggles and debates in many countries in the late nineteenth century. It is argued that these struggles may best be understood within the frame of reference of Marxist theory and, in particular, an interpretation of the significance of housing in terms of the production of wage labour as a class relation. From this perspective, attention is directed to the changing relationship between housing tenure and social class. Unfortunately, very little is known about this relationship over the period in question. We lack information on trends in home-ownership in particular and domestic property ownership in general. Furthermore, we lack information on the changing tenure characteristics of the urban populations of the time in relation to their developing class structure. This lack is especially apparent for Canada. On these questions we present evidence from Kingston, Ontario. We note a decline in homeownership which was experienced by all classes. In particular, however, we note a dramatic increase in absentee (as opposed to resident) landlordism. The origins and political effects of these trends may be understood in terms of the particular character of Kingston in the period. Unfortunately, however, it is impossible to define adequately this uniqueness in the absence of comparable research on other American and Canadian cities of the day. We conclude with a set of questions for future research.     

Looked at and looked over or: I wish I was adopted

Through collaborative narrative writing, in this article, we redeploy the sense of refugeity present in our singular narratives to co-construct a shared space for creative scholarship that becomes a feminist space to belong. Drawing on feminist scholarship and performance theory, narrative collaborations awkwardly embrace our mutual and sometimes contradictory senses of self and identity performance. The co-constructed nature of this article reflects contemporary developments in qualitative research that employ creative arts practice-led methodologies and acknowledge researcher/writers as situated gendered, sexualized, and encultured subjects within particular global and local contexts. This unconventional structure is used here to foreground the intersubjectivity and spatiality from which research and the desire to research arise, and as an experiment in tracing the lines of flight between new identities and new spaces.     

(Re)assembling Communities

This article seeks to bring together studies of community from both the New and Old Worlds and examine their various strengths and weaknesses. Whilst applauding many of the recent developments, particularly the emphasis on communities as the outcome of practice and agency, I suggest that there are three specific difficulties present in the current studies of community: an underlying subtext which supports modern political notions of community as a timeless form of sociality; a prominent anthropocentric vision of community as the province purely of human beings; and a failure to fully embrace the role of affect and emotion. By rethinking communities as assemblages, this article seeks to build on the firm foundations constructed in the last 15 years to present new possibilities for taking this important concept forward.     

The emergence of status inequality in intermediate scale societies: A demographic and socio-economic history of the Keatley Creek site,British Columbia

Explaining the emergence of status inequality in human societies is an important priority for many anthropological archaeologists, particularly those whose research includes intermediate scale societies (complex hunter–gatherers and early agriculturalists). Yet, fine grained records of emergent inequality are still exceedingly rare. This paper outlines a fine-grained record of cultural change from the Keatley Creek site, a complex hunter–gatherer village in British Columbia, in which it is possible to recognize the emergence of inequality and its demographic and economic correlates. Results of the study suggest that status inequality emerged abruptly after an extended period of socio-economic stability in the village under conditions of adversely altered resource conditions, demographic packing, and subsistence resource diversification and extensification.     

Oskar von Miller and the Art of the Electrical Exhibition: Staging Modernity in Weimar Germany

Within the larger framework of understanding how modernity wasframed within and through the domestic sphere, this articleconsiders the efforts of Bavarian electrical engineer Oskarvon Miller to electrify and modernize Germany against the backdropof Weimar reform movements. Unlike modernist reformers associatedwith such projects as the Bauhaus or the Werkbund, Miller wasa practical systems-builder who sought to encourage consumptionwithin traditional frameworks of home and Heimat. For Miller,exhibiting the benefits of technology was a key element in securingits success, and his reliance on consumers rested on a corporatistideal that would create a new kind of community centred on technology.Whereas in the Imperial era Miller focused on Handwerker andsmall machines as the guarantors of both progress and socialstability, in the Weimar era he turned to housewives and housework.Through his involvement in electrification schemes as well asin his work in founding the Deutsches Museum, one of the firstmuseums of science and technology in Europe, Miller createda powerful narrative of technological progress that was bothtraditional and modern.     

Childhood narratives: adult reflections on encounters with difference in everyday spaces

Research on children and young people commonly focuses on the present experiences of childhood. Yet Philo, C. [2003. “‘To Go Back up the Side Hill’: Memories, Imaginations and Reveries of Childhood.” Children's Geographies 1 (1): 7–24] has argued that we might also access the ‘worlds’ of children and childhood through the memories or recollections of adults, given that we have all been children once. In response, this paper explores the narratives of adults reflecting on their childhood experiences and in particular, on the formation of their attitudes towards difference. The paper offers a means of understanding how adults reflect on their childhood encounters with difference, how their attitudes towards difference are developed over time and the extent to which these childhood narratives are carried into adult lives. This is not to suggest that early experiences are deterministic. Rather, individuals can reflect on their own lives and encounters and choose to change or react to wider social relations in new ways such that they produce and embody new dispositions.