Fluvial dispersal potential of guanaco bones (Lama guanicoe) under controlled experimental conditions: the influence of age classes to the hydrodynamic behavior

Hydrodynamic sorting is a taphonomic process able to transport and scatter bones deposited in archaeological and paleontological sites. This study presents the results of experimentation performed in an artificial flume with guanaco (Lama guanicoe) bones of different ontogenetic development, dry and saturated in water, in hydric flows velocities of 15 and 30 cm/s. The obtained results show that bone global density, the age of the individual, the dry or wet bone state, and the hydric flow velocity influence significantly bone dispersion. In this way, bones from immature individuals with unfused secondary growth centers and relatively low bulk density have better possibility of being transported than fused bones from adult individuals. Taking into account the results obtained in this experimentation and the feasibility of discriminating age categories in fossil assemblages, two bone groups with differential potential transport are presented in this paper. These transport groups constitute a methodological tool to evaluate the role hydric current may had played in the formation of a fossil assemblage.     

Domestic dog (Canis familiaris) diets among coastal Late Archaic groups of northeastern North America: A case study for the canine surrogacy approach

The Canine Surrogacy Approach (CSA) is a form of analogy in which stable isotope information from dog remains is used as a proxy for associated human keepers. The approach has garnered increasing attention in recent years due to its capacity to provide information on human diets in contexts where human remains are limited or unavailable. CSA applications have often been conducted on an ad hoc basis and rarely has the human–dog analogy been treated systematically or cohesively. This case study aims to remedy this issue. Using a recently developed CSA interpretive framework (Guiry, 2012), we test the feasibility of using dog bone collagen stable carbon and nitrogen isotope signatures as a proxy for their human keepers among two similar marine oriented Late Archaic populations that occupied the northeastern coast of North America. After characterizing the feasibility of CSA applications in these archaeological contexts, the CSA is then used to reconstruct diet at a culturally related site at which no human remains have been recovered.     

Architecture and Urbanism in the Fortified Settlement of Pech Maho (Sigean,France) in the Third Century BC: A Social and Economic Perspective

This paper offers a synthesis of the urbanism and architecture of Pech Maho (Sigean) from a social and economic point of view. Its aim is to highlight the specificities of this settlement in the context of the Late Iron Age between south France and north‐east Spain. During the third century BC, this small site had an impressive defensive system, as well as quite a complex urban framework. The constructed blocks excavated so far show a predominance of multicellular buildings that testify to a wide range of ground plans. Most of the spaces seem to have been devoted to specialized activities of a clear economic orientation, whilst other buildings or spaces have a strong symbolic nature. Rooms used exclusively for domestic tasks are in the minority, while a large dwelling in the central area appears to have been a private residential unit. All of this suggests that Pech Maho would have been an economic centre, as well as the residence of an elite that would have exerted control over the productive and trading activities, in a context that clearly evokes that of an emporion.     

Houellebecq antilibéral,du sexe à l’islam

RÉSUMÉ

Michel Houellebecq n’est pas seulement un romancier; c’est aussi un personnage. Ce redoublement accompagne un double jeu qui définit sa posture: il suggère le second degré, mais il rappelle qu’il faut l’entendre au premier. En même temps qu’il ambitionne de rendre compte du monde, il revendique son refus de lui rendre des comptes politiquement et devant la justice. On partira de ce double jeu pour penser ensemble l’?uvre et le personnage, la littérature et l’idéologie. On s’attachera donc aux deux enjeux qui ont constitué les deux « scandales » principaux de cette carrière littéraire: le sexe et l’islam. On montrera d’abord comment le large succès de cette ?uvre, en France et dans le monde, tient à sa capacité à résonner avec l’actualité, jusqu’à donner le sentiment de la préfigurer. On s’interrogera ensuite sur les tensions qui travaillent cette évolution. En effet, comment concilier la critique initiale du libéralisme sexuel hérité de mai 68 avec la charge contre l’islam qui est prise depuis le 11 septembre 2001 dans la rhétorique mondialisée du « conflit (sexuel) des civilisations » ? C’est dans l’affirmation de la masculinité blanche, dont Michel Houellebecq est le héros paradoxal, que se résout cette contradiction.