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961.
Abstract. In this paper, we extend the partial equilibrium urban model of DeSalvo (1985) to include mode choice. DeSalvo demonstrated that the urban model of Muth (1969) was robust to the extension to leisure choice. We show that the model is robust to mode choice as well. In addition, we derive the comparative static results that commuters choose higher speed modes for longer commutes, at higher wage rates, with greater tastes for housing, and with lower housing prices. Also, for a given distance commuted, we derive the comparative static result that commuters chose shorter duration commutes at higher wage rates. Whereas it is typically assumed that marginal commuting cost is positive and non‐increasing with distance, we derive these results. Moreover, we derive the results that marginal commuting cost rises with an exogenous increase in housing price and falls with increased tastes for housing. We also explore the effects of exogenous commuting‐cost changes on the endogenous variables of the model. The remaining comparative static results on housing consumption and location are qualitatively the same as in DeSalvo. 相似文献
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Paul Goldberg Christopher E. Miller Solveig Schiegl Bertrand Ligouis Francesco Berna Nicholas J. Conard Lyn Wadley 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2009,1(2):95-122
Micromorphological analysis of sediments from the Middle Stone Age site of Sibudu Cave, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, provides
a high-resolution sequence and evidence of site formation processes of predominantly anthropogenic deposits. This methodology
allows for a detailed interpretation of individual anthropogenic activities, including the construction of hearths and bedding
and the maintenance of occupational surfaces through the sweep out of hearths and the repeated burning of bedding. This analysis
also provides a context for evaluating other studies at the site relating to magnetic susceptibility, paleobotany, paleozoology,
anthracology, and studies of ochre. 相似文献
967.
E. Gliozzo D. D’Aco I. Memmi Turbanti A. Galli M. Martini E. Sibilia 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2009,1(2):77-85
Twenty-one samples of likely Roman, likely Islamic and unknown common ware from the archaeological site of Thamusida (Rabat, Morocco) were analysed in order to anchor selected types of pottery to a limited time span and, possibly, to a production
area and technology. Analytical techniques were thermoluminescence, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray
fluorescence. The results arising from this research are definitely useful for the study of the site of Thamusida as well as for all researchers involved in archaeological and archaeometrical research in Morocco. Chronologies proposed
on a typological base have been denied twice: a likely Islamic cup dates back to the second century a.d.; vice versa, a stewpot, framed into the Roman period, resulted to be an eighth century a.d. production. Moreover, the identification of an eighteenth century ceramic production is of outstanding importance, as it
characterises a completely unknown production. Regarding the production area, four samples of both Roman and Islamic periods
have been recognised as local productions of Thamusida. 相似文献
968.
Edsel E. Sajor 《Development and change》2003,34(4):713-742
The hyper mobility of capital and the associated growth of international investment in real estate which occurred across the world in the late twentieth century, led to bursts of property development and market booms. This article examines how this global trend interfaced with local processes in the setting of a secondary metropolis of a developing country, in Metro Cebu, Philippines, and resulted in a property‐led development dominated by production of high‐end residential real estate commodities, the rise of a speculative land market, and a highly regressive spatial allocation. It is argued that this regressive outcome was mediated by a weak state, controlled and dominated by predatory and rent‐seeking bosses who, in Cebu in particular, are not simply representatives of the local oligarchy but are big real estate developers and brokers themselves. During the boom period, neither the middle classes, whose members were also attracted to speculative property buying, nor the low‐income and urban poor groups, who were largely hoodwinked by official rhetoric of social housing reform and by token participation, provided any significant social force to constrain the opportunism and rent‐seeking of these bosses or to challenge the pro‐growth governing agenda. 相似文献
969.
Elizabeth E. Watson 《Development and change》2003,34(2):287-310
This article examines an institutional approach to development in which indigenous institutions are viewed as a resource for achieving development. It concentrates on indigenous natural resource management (NRM) institutions which have been seen by some development agencies to be a means to address the needs of people and the environment in a way that is also participatory. Using material from Borana, Ethiopia, the article describes the indigenous NRM institutions and examines the outcome of one attempt to work with them. In the process, it shows that partnerships between development agencies and indigenous NRM institutions are often fragile, and tend to dissolve when they fail to meet the preconceptions of the developers. Through an examination of this approach to development, the article also examines the usefulness of recent broad approaches to institutions. 相似文献
970.
U‐series dating was used to determine the growth rate of a feldspar‐to‐clay weathering rind in a mid‐Holocene Cascade–Olcott tradition andesite core, and luminescence dating (last exposure to sunlight) was used to date fine‐grained feldspars scraped from the surfaces of similar buried artefacts from a 14C‐sediment‐dated archaeological site (45KI464) on the wet western slope of the Cascade Mountains of Washington. For U‐series dating, we measured 226Ra excess (226Ra excess =226Ra –230Th) in five stratigraphic depth controlled rind scrapings. 238U, 232Th and 230Th were counted by alpha spectrometry, and 226Ra and 210Pb were counted by gamma spectrometry on each sub‐sample. 相似文献