Ballots and billions: Clive Palmer's personal party

Founded and led by the billionaire businessman, Clive Palmer, the Palmer United Party (PUP) achieved what was arguably the best debut result of recent decades at the 2013 Australian federal election. This article examines PUP's ideology, organisation and campaigning strategies along with the implications of its experiences to date for Australian party politics. Based on an analysis of original party documents, policies, media communications and semi-structured interviews with PUP candidates and key figures across Australia, we find evidence of a party which is utterly dominated by its leader, which was deliberately never built to last, whose ideology cannot be easily classified and whose campaigning was well-funded but extremely disorganised. We conclude that its experience shows how more professionalised new personal parties in Australia should be able to do even better electorally in the future.     

Australian children's independent mobility levels: secondary analyses of cross-sectional data between 1991 and 2012

This study investigated changes in Australian children's independent mobility levels between1991 and 2012. Data from five cross-sectional studies conducted in 1991, 1993, 2010, 2011 and 2012 were analysed. Parent and child surveys were used to assess parental licences for independent mobility and actual independent mobility behaviour in children aged 8–13 years. Findings show declines in the proportion of young children (≤10 years of age) being allowed to travel home from school alone (1991: 68%, 1993: 50%, 2010: 43%, 2011: 45%, 2012: 31%) and travel on buses alone (1991: 31%, 1993: 15%, 2010: 8%, 2011: 6%, 2012: 9%). Furthermore, the proportion of children travelling independently to school decreased (1991: 61%, 1993: 42%, 2010: 31%, 2011: 32%, 2012: 32%). Significantly fewer girls than boys travelled independently to school at each time point (p?≤?.001). Overall, the findings suggest that Australian children's independent mobility levels declined between 1991 and 2012.     

Reviews

A THEORY OP FOREIGN POLICY. George Modelski. London, Pall Mall Press, 1962. Pp. xiv + 152. Stg. 21/‐.

THE CONTROL OP THE ARMS RACE. Hedley Bull. For the Institute for Strategic Studies. London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1961. Pp. xiv + 215. Stg. 12/6.

SOCIALISM IN THE NEW SOCIETY. Douglas Jay. London, Longmans, 1962. Pp. vi + 414. Australian price 42/3.

THE CONSPIRATORS: A STUDY OF THE COUP D'ETAT. D. J. Goodspeed. London, Macmillan & Co., 1962. Pp. xii + 252. Australian price 31/‐.

ELOGE DU COLONIALISME: ESSAI SUR LES REVOLUTIONS D'ASIE. Julien Cheverny. Paris, Rene Julliard, 1961. Pp. 372.

THE KREMLIN SINCE STALIN. Wolfgang Leonhard. Translated from the German by Elizabeth Wiskemann and Marian Jackson. London, O.U.P., 1962. Pp. 403. Australian price 62/‐.

EAST CENTRAL EUROPE AND THE WORLD: DEVELOPMENTS IN THE POST‐STALIN ERA. Stephen D. Kertesz (ed.). University of Notre Dame. Press, 1962. Pp. x + 386. Price, U.S. $6.50.

THE ACTION FRANCAISE. Edward R. Tannenbaum. N.Y., John Wiley & Sons, 1962. Pp. x + 316. U.S. $7.50.

TOWARDS A MALAYAN NATION. T. H. Silcock. Singapore, Eastern Universities Press, 1961. Pp. vi + 112. Malayan price $5.

JAREN VAN RECONSTRUCTS: NIEUW‐GUINEA VAN 1949 TOT 1961. C. S. I. J. Lagerberg. ’s Hertogenbosch, Zuid‐Nederlandsche Drukkerij N. V., 1962. Pp. 232. 10 Guilders.

AUSTRALIAN DIPLOMACY AND JAPAN, 1945–1951. B. N. Rosecrance. Melbourne, M.U.P., 1961. Pp. xii + 288. Australian price 45/‐.

AUCUPARIUS: RECOLLECTIONS OF A RECRUITING OFFICER. Ralph Furse. London, O.U.P., 1962. Pp. xv + 330. Stg. 35/‐.     

Using Multilevel Models to Model Heterogeneity: Potential and Pitfalls

Within the last few years, geographers and researchers in other cognate disciplines with geographic concerns have begun to use multilevel models. While there are several useful existing introductory accounts of these models in the geographical literature, this paper seeks to extend them in three main ways to clarify and emphasize further the substantial opportunities they afford. First, it focuses on how multilevel models are centrally concerned with modeling population heterogeneity as a function of predictor variables. Second, it considers and illustrates a number of specific interpretive issues that can arise when conducting multilevel analyses of place effects. Lastly, it traces some more general, conceptual issues surrounding the use of multilevel models in geographical research. The arguments made are illustrated through an analysis of variations in drinking behavior using data from a typically complex, large‐scale survey; particular attention is given to the inclusion of categorical predictors.     

‘Facing the future’: tourism and identity-building in post-socialist Romania

Tourism is an important component of the process of identity-building, representing one way in which a country can seek to project a particular self-image to the wider international community. As such, tourism has considerable ideological significance for the formerly socialist states of Central and Eastern Europe that are seeking to project and affirm distinctly post-socialist identities as part of the process of re-integration into the political and economic structures of Western Europe. This paper focuses on tourism and identity-building in post-socialist Romania. In particular, it focuses on one building — the so-called ‘House of the People’ — which is intimately linked with Romania’s totalitarian past and which is fast becoming Bucharest’s biggest tourist sight. The presentation of the building to tourists seeks to ‘reconfigure’ its past so that it accords better with Romania’s post-socialist identity, and particularly its aspirations to (re)establish itself as a country of ‘mainstream’ Europe.     

A Ceramic Assemblage from the Seabed near Kinlochbervie, Scotland, UK

An assemblage of pottery and bricks recovered during two seasons of diving has been sorted by fabric and vessel type, quantified and analysed. A substantial quantity of Italian maiolica, including examples in the grotesque style, and others from Montelupo and other Italian manufactories, has been considered from an art historical perspective, while a range of more utilitarian earthenwares, including olive jars and micaceous redwares, are also present. The chronology of this assemblage is discussed, together with the functions of particular types and an interpretation of the origin of the ship on which they were carried.
© 2004 The Nautical Archaeology Society