基于环境监测的三星堆遗址祭祀坑考古现场预防性保护

目前考古现场保护主要以应急保护技术与临时加固材料的研究和应用为主,而关于考古现场预防性保护少有报道。本次三星堆遗址祭祀坑发掘保护构建了由考古舱、考古舱环境调控系统、空气质量监测系统、土遗址监测系统、区域气象站、预防性保护措施、监测信息智能管理平台组成的预防性保护体系。发掘前,通过土遗址监测系统和区域气象站获取文物埋藏环境信息和区域气象信息,为考古舱内环境设置提供了依据。发掘过程中,采取舱内温湿度调控、保湿、空气杀菌净化、控制舱内人数与新风换气等预防性保护措施,达到控制考古舱温湿度、减少细菌和真菌总数、降低舱内CO_(2)浓度,减缓象牙等文物失水速度的目的,有效控制了出土文物开裂、酥粉、霉菌暴发等病害发生,为考古发掘与保护赢得了时间。三星堆祭祀坑考古现场预防性保护的创新探索与实践为以后重要遗址的现场保护指引了方向、提供了可借鉴经验。     

Physics-based Simulation and High-fidelity Visualization of Fire Following Earthquake Considering Building Seismic Damage

This work proposes a framework for the physics-based simulation and high-fidelity visualization of fire following earthquake (FFE) considering building seismic damage. The seismic damage of regional buildings is simulated using multiple degree-of-freedom building models in conjunction with nonlinear time-history analysis. In parallel, a high-fidelity visualization is presented to simulate fire spread and smoke effects. A case study of downtown Taiyuan with 44,152 buildings is performed. The results show that the influence of different ground motions and building seismic resistances on fire ignition and fire spread can be taken into account and that the FFE scene can be displayed realistically.     

西安新发现的两座元代墓葬壁画颜料研究

西安市雁塔区集中发现了一处元代家族墓,是陕西重要考古新发现之一。其中两座编号为M38、M40的墓葬残留壁画,壁画残损但颜色鲜艳,基本保留了颜料层结构信息。为了解这两座元墓壁画的颜料类型,通过剖面显微观察、扫描电子显微镜-能谱、拉曼光谱和显微红外光谱分析等多种方法,对壁画颜料成分开展了调查分析。结果显示:壁画颜料包含矿物颜料和有机染料——红色颜料有铅丹、朱砂、铁红,黑色颜料为炭黑,白色颜料为白垩,绿色颜料为石绿,蓝色颜料为石青和靛蓝；墓葬M38的壁画有白灰层,墓葬M40的壁画无白灰层。靛蓝的应用是西安地区继唐代韩休墓壁画中发现之后的又一使用实例,为靛蓝在元代作为绘画材料在壁画中的使用提供了新的资料。研究结果也将为两处元代墓葬壁画后续的保护修复提供重要参考。     

《列仙传》成书时代考

<列仙传>是一部道教辅教之作,也是一部重要的早期志怪小说.考证其成书时代,对于认识神仙志怪小说的形成背景和发展序列,理解魏晋游仙文学高潮的兴起,都具有积极的意义.本文试图从文献学的角度,通过对<楚辞>王注、<汉书>古注和<文选>古注引用<仙传>情况的考辨,重新判断其成书时代.     

对马克思主义时代化的深层解读

马克思主义是时代的产物,它所具有的实践精神、方法论的普遍意义和对人的终极关怀,使其能够超越时空的局限,实现马克思主义时代化。马克思主义时代化是一个动态的发展过程,呈现出坚持与发展的统一、世界性与民族性的交融等基本特征。     

关于宋代吕蒙正家族的几个问题

王明清在<挥麈录·前录>卷二中云:"唐朝崔、卢、李、郑及城南韦、杜二家蝉联珪组,世为显著,至本朝绝无闻人.自祖宗以来,故家以真定韩氏为首,忠宪公家也.     

传统法治文化对当前地方法治政府建设之启发

中国传统法治文化是中华几千年国家治理的智慧结晶,在不同历史时期具有不同的文化特点,也存在自诞生之初就无法克服的不足之处,如强调人治、维护宗法、重刑轻民等。但是,传统法治文化有很多值得我们吸收改进的有益之处,尤其在教民、治吏与息诉这三点上,对当前地方法治政府建设有着重要的借鉴意义。本文结合包括福建本地的一些法治实例,阐述传统法治文化的特点和不足,以"从严治吏"为重点,对如何更好的建设地方法治政府提出几点个人思考和建议。     

CONSUMING THE TOURIST GAZE: IMAGINATIVE GEOGRAPHIES AND THE REPRODUCTION OF SEXUALITY IN LUGU LAKE

Imaginative geographies engage with the understanding and experiencing of place and place‐based social and cultural specificities through a process of re‐creation and reproduction. In this article, we explore the imaginative geographies of Lugu Lake, a tourist destination in China's Yunnan Province, and of the Mosuo people, the local minority which practices a unique marriage system. We investigate how Mosuo society has been imagined in popular discourses and representations through two cultural labels: matriarchy and free sex. We also discuss how the imaginative geographies of Lugu Lake have restructured the encounters between the local people, especially the young men, and the incoming tourists in the context of tourism development. We interrogate the complex processes of identity formation in which both the tourists and the indigenous people renegotiate and reconstruct their cultural identities within various inside–outside connections and interactions. Our central argument is that the sex encounters between tourists and the local Mosuo are conditioned by popular imaginative geographies of the sexual practices of the Mosuo. But the encounter in tourism between the gazer and the gazed also accommodates complex identity formations and the renegotiation of social relations. The empirical observations are twofold: first, the locality of Lugu Lake has been reproduced with folk and tourist imaginative geographies into an erotic frontier of free sex; second, we also argue that the geographical imagination in this case is a reciprocal process which involves the local Mosuo's renegotiation of place‐based identity, in a pursuit of imagined progress and modernity.     

Early history of Chinese domestic sheep indicated by ancient DNA analysis of Bronze Age individuals

China has a long history of sheep husbandry, and has several indigenous sheep breeds. However, the exact geographic origin of Chinese domestic sheep remains unclear. To provide valuable genetic information for origin of Chinese domestic sheep, we performed an ancient DNA study on 22 sheep excavated from four Bronze Age archaeological sites in Northern China. Two lineages (A and B) were observed in ancient Chinese sheep, of which lineage A was predominant reaching a frequency of 95.5%. Furthermore, phylogenetic network showed that the most frequent haplotype in ancient sheep was the founder of lineage A. These results suggest that Lineage A may hold the key to understanding the origin of Chinese domestic sheep. Sequence sharing and principal component analysis showed that the ancient Chinese sheep had a close affinity to modern Chinese sheep. However, there was no significant breed structure among three modern Chinese sheep groups, making it difficult to determine their relationship to ancient Chinese sheep. Lastly, our results imply that ancient DNA analysis could provide a new way to investigate prehistoric East-West contact.     

气味景观感知对乡村地方依恋的影响机制研究——兼论怀旧的中介作用

气味的作用是潜移默化的，本文在乡村旅游情境下，运用结构方程研究了气味景观感知对于地方依恋的影响作用。研究发现：①乡村气味景观感知显著地正向影响旅游者地方依恋；②乡村气味景观感知对于怀旧有显著的正向影响；③历史怀旧对地方依赖有显著正向影响，个人怀旧对于地方依赖和地方认同均有显著正向影响；④怀旧在气味景观感知和地方依恋之间的中介效应得到验证。研究证实了气味景观的重要作用，明晰了怀旧在乡村旅游体验中的核心地位，对丰富旅游体验和打造乡村旅游景观具有一定的启示意义。