1930年代的北平城市污物管理改革

1930年代,北平城市污物管理混乱,问题丛生。粪夫被冠以“粪阀”之名,其勒索霸道行径给市民的日常生活带来诸多不便,双方关系恶劣。此外,简陋的粪具导致污秽淋漓、臭气四溢,严重影响到市容。为解决上述问题,卫生部门最初采取了若干措施整顿污物处理,但效果不彰。为彻底解决问题,市政当局又拟将之收归市办,由于事关行业的经济利益及相当数量粪夫的生计,受到粪商及粪工的联合抵制,计划未能实施。此后,政府改变策略,实行官商合办,历时2年9个月勉力完成粪道登记和粪具更换,改革初见成效。     

中国大陆地区孙中山与日本关系研究回顾

孙中山与日本的关系是近代中日关系史的一个重要组成部分。在长达30多年的革命生涯中,孙中山先后出入日本16次,在日本驻留时间累计达9年6个月,是他整个革命生涯的近1／3。他与日本的关系时而亲近,时而疏远;他对日本的态度时而友好,时而排拒;他对日本的援助满怀希望与期待,又对日本的侵华抱有疑虑和警惕;他既羡慕日本的繁荣强盛,又批判日本的侵略扩张;与他交往的日本朝野人士既有肝胆相照的真朋友,也有居心叵测的阴谋家;与他有关的一些中日关系件真伪难辨,是非难断。正是由于孙中山与日本关系的这种广泛性和复杂性,孙日关系成为中国近代史和中日关系史研究中的重要问题之一。     

马国翰与《玉函山房藏书簿录》

近百数十年间,言古籍辑佚,必称马国翰,而言目录学及藏书史则罕有及之者,究其原因,在于马国翰《玉函山房藏书簿录》鲜为人知.     

Illustrating spatial policies in Europe

The visualisation of spatial policy options through maps and other cartographic illustrations can be very powerful both in the planning process and in communicating the key messages of planning strategies. However, experience from the ‘European Spatial Development Perspective’ (ESDP) shows that visualisation can also be the most difficult aspect in transnational spatial planning processes. This paper explores the potential role of policy maps in communicating spatial policy, and the progress made so far in visualising spatial policies in European spatial planning. It suggests possible reasons for the difficulties on reaching agreement on the form and content of planning policy maps at EU and transnational levels. The paper goes on to discuss theories that might assist in improving performance in the use of cartographic visualisations in European spatial planning. The article concludes by highlighting the need for further research on the communicative potential of cartographic visualisations in European spatial planning.     

洛阳出土的几通唐代安定胡氏墓志

安定临泾(今甘肃镇原县东南)为胡氏郡望.在魏晋南北朝时期,尤其是在北魏宣武帝妃、孝明帝母胡灵太后临朝听政时期(516～528),安定胡氏家族的权势更是达到炙手可热的程度.     

Influence of Time Step of Ground Motions on Site Effect and Structural Response Analyses for Long-Duration Earthquakes

Long-duration ground motions may be down-sampled to speed up the computational process. However, using ground motions with large time step (Δt) would inevitably bring in numerical errors. The influence of Δt on the site effect and structural response analyses was quantitatively examined in this study. The results show that the nonlinear site response method is more sensitive to a change of Δt than the equivalent-linear method. For the structural analysis, the impact of Δt is highly dependent on the magnitude of damage parameters. Thus, using input motions with Δt as 0.005 s is recommended for structures subjected to strong shakings.     

辛亥革命前后的“中华民族”概念

纵观辛亥革命前后"中华民族"概念的演变过程,始终与当时的民族主义革命和政治革命的运行轨迹相联系。辛亥革命前,资产阶级革命派的主要任务是推翻清朝的封建统治,建立现代民主国家,因而构建了"中华民族"概念,从当时的形势看,是必要的。改良派也把"中华民族"构建成汉族概念,并试图抹杀满、汉差异,目的是证明满族贵族封建统治的合法性。但无论是改良派还是革命派,其国家认同的基础都是"生物性的民族",然而从人类发展的趋势看,只有构建"超民族性"的公民国家,才能建立起牢固的国家认同。     

读《商代都邑》浅识

春花飘香,得挚友王震中先生相赠新著《商代都邑》,不胜欣喜!细细掂量,篇幅宏大,分量不轻;匆匆翻过,满目珠玑,心旷神怡。遂每日抽暇读上几页,写下几笔,整理后聊充读书心得,愿与同好分享。一《商代都邑》的研究方法,值得赞赏。该书把历史学与考古学有机结合起来,是迄今所见把考古资料加以充分运用的史学著作之一。作者具有考古学专业背景,了解考古学的研究方法,熟悉考古学的学术动态,甚至     

Books received

The Lake‐Dwellings of Europe : being the Rhind Lectures in Arch?ology for 1888. By Robert Munro, M.A., M.D. Cassell and Co., 1890. Pp. xl. and 600.

Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, including a Summer in the Upper Karun Region and a Visit to the Nestorian Rayahs. By Mrs. Bishop (Isabella L. Bird). Two volumes. London : John Murray, 1891. Price 24s.

My Mission to Abyssinia. By Gerald H. Portal, C.B., H.B.M. Agent and Consul‐General at Zanzibar. With Map and Illustrations. London : Edward Arnold, 1892. Pp. 261.

A Transatlantic Holiday; or, Notes of a Visit to the Eastern States of America. By T. Fitzpatrick, M.A. London : Sampson Low, Marston, and Co., 1891. Pp. viii + 210. Price 10s. 6d.

A Winter Cruise in Summer Seas. By Charles C. Atchison. London : Sampson Low and Co., 1891. Pp. 369. Price 16s.

Aus dem Kaukasus. Von C. Hahn. Leipzig : Verlag von Duncker und Humblot, 1892. Pp. 299. Price M. 6.

The New Era in Russia. By Charles A. de Arnaud. London : Gay and Bird. N.D. Pp. 166. Price 2s. 6d.

The Australian at Home. By Edward Kinglake. London : The Leadenhall Press. Pp. 159.

Illahun, Kahun, and Gurob, 1889–90. By W. M. Flinders‐Petrie, with Chapters by Professor Sayce, D.D., Professor Mahafft, Canon Hicks, F. Ll. Griffith, B.A., and F. C. J. Spurrell, F.G.S. London : David Nutt, 1891. Pp. 59, and Plates xxxiii.

Africa Rediviva, or the Occupation of Africa by Christian Missionaries of Europe and America. By Robert Needham Cust, LL.D. London : Elliot Stock, Pp. 118.

The Negro Question; or, Hints for the Physical Improvement of the Negro Race, with special reference to West Africa. By Joseph Benner Maxwell, M.A., B.C.L. (of Merton College, Oxford). London : T. Fisher Unwin, 1892. Pp.188.

Oliver &; Boyd's Edinburgh Almanac and National Repository for the year 1892. Edinburgh : Oliver &; Boyd. Pp. 1195. Price 6s. 6d.

An Almanack for the year of Our Lord 1892. By Joseph Whitaker, F.S.A. London. Pp. 728.

Hazell's Annual for 1892 : A Cyclop?dic Record of Men and Topics of the Day. London : Hazell, Watson, and Viney, Ld., 1892. Pp. 726. Price 3s. 6d.

Barker's Facts and Figures for the Year 1892. Edited by Thomas P. Whittaker. London and New York : Frederick Warne and Co. Pp. 384. Price 1s.

North Wales. Part II. By M. J. Baddeley, B.A. and C. S. Ward, M.A. Third Edition, revised. “Thorough Guide Series.” London : Dulau and Co., 1891. Pp. xvi+147. Price 2s. 6d.

Lochnagar. By Alex. Inkson M'Connochie. Aberdeen: D. Wyllie &; Son. 1891. Price 1s.

Handbook to the Geology of Derbyshire. By Rev. J. Mageno Mello, M.A., F.G.S. 2d Edition. London : Bemrose and Sons, 1891. Pp. 89.     

河南洛阳新发现的黄土旧石器地点

本文报道了洛阳地区新发现的7处黄土旧石器地点,它们主要分布在伊洛河流域的嵩县、宜阳、洛阳市区以及偃师,石制品的年代范围最早的早于S3,最晚的为深海氧同位素阶段3,时代跨越旧石器时代早中期,文化性质主要选取河滩砾石进行打片,和华南地区的砾石工业相似,这些发现为研究华南地区的砾石工业和华北地区的石片工业之间的关系提供了重要的资料。