Sustainability of Highway Bridge Networks Under Seismic Hazard

In order to evaluate the seismic risk of transportation networks, it is necessary to develop a methodology that integrates the probabilities of occurrence of seismic events in a region, the vulnerability of the civil infrastructure, and the consequences of the seismic hazard to the society, environment, and economy. In this article, a framework for the time-variant seismic sustainability and risk assessment of highway bridge networks is presented. The sustainability of the network is quantified in terms of its social, environmental, and economic metrics. These include the expected downtime, expected energy waste and carbon dioxide emissions, and the expected loss. The methodology considers the probability of occurrence of a set of seismic scenarios that reflect the seismic activity of the region. The performance of network links is quantified based on individual bridge performance evaluated through fragility analyses. The sustainability and risk depend on the damage states of both the links and the bridges within the network following an earthquake scenario. The time-variation of the sustainability metrics and risk due to structural deterioration is identified. The approach is illustrated on a transportation network located in Alameda County, California.     

Development of Collaborative Structure Analysis (CSA) System and Its Application to Investigate Effects of Soil-Structure Interaction

In this article, a collaborative structure analysis (CSA) system is developed for integrating different finite-element simulation programs. In this system, a simulated structure is divided into multiple substructures, and the interaction between the substructures is considered. Interfaces for the commercial finite-element program ABAQUS and for an open-source framework for structure analysis, OpenSees, are developed to achieve CSA integration. The CSA system is applied to analysis of a soil-structure interaction (SSI) problem, and the effects of SSI are investigated, and the efficiency and accuracy of the system are demonstrated.     

Discrimination Against Floating Migrants in China:Take Rural-to-Urban Migrants in Beijing As An Example

This essay firstly examines the destiny of rural-to-urban migrants in Beijing, the capital of China. Relying on data collected from representative survey, the essay then provides the demographic profil...     

Estimating the number of components in an OSL decay curve using the Bayesian Information Criterion

The optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) decay curve is assumed to consist of a number of first-order exponential components. Improper estimation of the number of components leads to under-or over-fitting of the curve under consideration. Hence, correct estimation of the number of components is important to accurately analyze an OSL decay curve. In this study, we investigated the possibility of using the Bayesian Information Criterion to estimate the optimal number of components in an OSL decay curve. We tested the reliability of this method using several hundred measured decay curves and three simulation scenarios. Our results demonstrate that the quality of the identification can be influenced by several factors: the measurement time and the number of channels; the variability of the decay constants; and the signal-to-noise ratios of a decaying component. The results also suggest that the Bayesian Information Criterion has great potential to estimate the number of components in an OSL decay curve with a moderate to high signal-to-noise ratio.     

《贩书偶记》“子部·释家类·一切经音义二十六卷”条辨疑

通过辨析孙殿起所著<贩书偶记>"子部·释家类·一切经音义二十六卷"条,我们可为之增补两条新的版本信息1.该抄本为高邮王氏家传之书.2.该抄本的底本是最早不超过明英宗正统五年(1440)的永乐北藏本,或是更晚至顺治、康熙间刊刻的嘉兴藏本.     

编修《四库全书》奖惩办法管窥

《四库全书》是中国文化史上一项规模宏大的文化工程,该工程自乾隆三十七年(1772)高宗皇帝下旨徵书至四十六年(1781)第一部文渊阁《四库全书》缮写告竣,前后历时9年,至四库七部书全部缮写装潢庋藏完毕,则已到了嘉庆九年(1804),历时32年.     

汉文化对吐鲁番地区少数民族的影响——基于对《吐鲁番出土文书》中容量单位的考察

吐鲁番是一个多民族聚居、多种文化交汇的地区。本文根据《吐鲁番出土文书》和山田信夫刊布的回鹘文文书的记载,从容量单位的角度探讨汉文化对该地区少数民族经济生活的深远影响。     

宴会、礼仪与地位——关于赣东北某村宴会礼仪的饮食人类学透视

一、问题的提出饮食人类学自二战后兴起以来,得到了较快发展。20世纪70年代,饮食人类学在美国已颇为流行;而到20世纪80年代之前,饮食人类学甚至被喻为“成果丰富、不胜枚举”1。但作为一门学科,饮食人类学在中国还很落后,“其研究内容尚不明确,理论和研究方法等还不成熟”2。饮食人类学作为人类学分支之一,其关心的问题不局限于饮食本身,而是要“阐明人们通过饮食的生产与消费行为生产并实践何种意义,即权利、地位、认同感、对目前以及未来生活的解释、回顾历史等等是通过饮食的生产与消费实践的”3。具体来说,其内容涵盖食物研究、饮食习俗…     

《容成氏》所见舜帝事迹考

《容成氏》是上海博物馆所藏战国楚竹书之一,其所叙述的有关舜的事迹可概括为：舜之出身;尧访舜;舜立禹、后稷、皋陶、质为官;舜举禹并禅以天下;尧举舜并禅以天下等事。《容成氏》在内容上并没有超出我们从儒家传统文献中记载的古史知识范畴,只是系统化、局部上概括化了古代帝王的记载。     

试论"中国旺苍红军城"的保护和发展

“中国旺苍红军城”现存大量清代古民居建筑,为川陕革命根据地后期首府。在红军城的保护中,应制定重点保护区和一般保护区的整治措施,明确环境整治的内容,并根据古镇特点制定展示路线,以达到保护古城的目的。