干部教育培训者队伍专业化建设探析

干部教育培训机构办学能力的高低,关键在于培训者队伍素质的高低。根据干部教育培训活动的专业化要求,应明确不同类型干部教育培训者的岗位职责和胜任力要求,建立激励约束机制,加强业务培训,以全面提高干部教育培训者队伍的综合素质。     

初级产品出口与阿根廷的早期现代化——拉美独立运动爆发200周年的反思

1870—1914年,阿根廷借助初级产品出口部门的快速增长,实现了从传统社会向现代社会的初步转变,这一时期因之被誉为该国现代化进程的“美好时代”。本文分三个部分：第一节着重阐述1870年至1914年间阿根廷初级产品出口部门发展的历史概貌和基本特征;第二节着重分析初级产品出口部门对其他经济、社会部门发展的推动作用;第三节侧重于分析阿根廷经济的对外依附性,揭示出该国早期现代化进程中的一些矛盾,强调这些矛盾正是阿根廷在20世纪30年代后走向“衰败”的根源之所在。本文对上述问题的分析,主要目的在于反思阿根廷、乃至整个拉美地区独立运动爆发200年以来现代化进程的经验和教训。     

The E<Subscript>1</Subscript>’ center in natural quartz: Its formation and applications to dating and provenance researches

Quartz is one of the minerals useful for electron spin resonance (ESR) dating. The E₁′ center is one of well-known paramagnetic defects in crystalline quartz. This center has a unique feature; its intensity increases on heating. An electronic process to explain this increase was found to be controlled not only by the number of oxygen vacancies, which are the precursors, but also by the number of Al hole centers, which depend on the previous radiation dose and on the Al concentration.     

"周公戈"辨伪之翻案

"周公戈"先后被郭沫若、江村治村、林清源等学者认为伪刻。本文从戈的形制、铭文结合文献记载及对其他地方的同类出土物等分析,认为该戈及铭皆不伪,戈的时代属战国中期。从戈铭可以见证战国时代西周君主的称呼方式,并反映了西周地区的铭刻特点。     

杰弗里·巴勒克拉夫对全球史理论与方法的探索

作为20世纪中期全球史观的首倡者,杰弗里.巴勒克拉夫对全球史研究涉及的理论与方法问题进行了探索。他在实践过程中采取了破立结合的做法,在批判"欧洲中心论"的同时倡导树立全球史观,从宏观的角度对当代史和世界历史发展进程做出新解读。本文梳理了巴勒克拉夫对全球史理论与方法的研究,并对其学术价值和历史局限进行了客观评价,进而指出巴勒克拉夫全球史研究对中国世界史研究的意义。     

再论“失蜡工艺不是中国青铜时代的选择”

本文从技术史的理论角度论述了“没有需求就没有发明(No need,no invention)”、“没有需求就没有发展”等技术产生发展的客观规律,指出,中国古代(青铜时代)在发达而成体系的青铜范铸技术环境里是不可能孕育发展出“熔模铸造体系”的,并以曾侯乙尊盘的铸造工艺及相关的模拟实验结果作进一步的论证;同时,对中国古代“失蜡工艺”起源于商周青铜器“焚失法”的观点提出质疑,并指出,“失蜡工艺”是在佛教传入中国之后,为铸造“西洋风格”的佛像传入我国。     

论王念孙父子的治学特点与影响

王氏父子治学特点别具一格:一在于其思想观念上的“通”,不拘泥于汉儒师说,不束缚于前贤定论,不局限于文字形体,实事求是,无征不信。二在于其知识运用上的“博”,即博采经、史,旁通诸子百家,这是知识的广博;综合运用各科知识、各种手段,对古书字词加以校勘训释,乃至一字之证,博及万卷,这是手段的多样,两者使得王氏父子发现和解决问题比别人高出一筹。三是其研究方法上擅长于“音”,即比同时人和先贤更多地更科学地运用音韵学理论和方法于校勘学、训诂学事业,广泛采取“声训”法,从而形成了自己独特的研究方法与优势。     

A nuclear North Korea and the stability of East Asia: a tsunami on the horizon?

This article aims to assess the strategic implications of North Korea's nuclear development. It calls into question the conventional wisdom that Pyongyang's atomic weapons will not only undermine the state of deterrence on the Korean peninsula, but also will trigger a nuclear domino effect throughout East Asia. A nuclear-armed North Korea, I argue, still cannot win a major victory over the South and the United States; Pyongyang's bombs somewhat decrease—rather than increase, as many believe—the risk of US preventive attack. And the regional US military presence as well as the available missile defence technology is sufficient to persuade Seoul and Tokyo not to pursue nuclear arsenals for the foreseeable future. While I reject the alarmist view, I find that North Korea's armament nevertheless carries two significant—albeit less grave—risks that have received little scholarly scrutiny. First, I argue that the risk of inadvertent war through pre-emption will increase with Pyongyang's armament. I also argue that the strengthening of US alliances in the region as well as the US development of a missile defence capability in response to the North Korean threat could exacerbate the security dilemmas among major powers. I conclude, however, that these potential dangers do not markedly threaten regional stability.     

试论中老年人健身动机与体育舞蹈项目的融合力

本文采用文献资料法、调查访问法、社会实践等方法,寻求体育舞蹈项目对中老年人健身、健心的重要性。经研究证明体育舞蹈项目集社交、娱乐、体育健身于一体,属于运动强度适中的一种有氧代谢运动,适合中老年人生理、心理的特点,完全符合中老年人的健身动机。     

Economic Change in the Prehistoric Hexi Corridor (4800–2200 bp), North‐West China

It is widely known that the Hexi Corridor in North‐West China lies at a hub of trans‐Eurasian cultural exchange. Its role became increasingly important during the late prehistoric period, particularly as the ancient Silk Road began to be used. While the profound transformation of local cultural characteristics in the late Neolithic and the Bronze Age is well documented, the detailed economic dynamics of cultural evolution have not yet been clearly illustrated. In this paper, we report on significant new zooarchaeological and faunal isotopic data from the Neolithic and Bronze Age sites in the Hexi Corridor. The primary objective is to systematically reconstruct the prehistoric economic context of this area by combining these new data with previous archaeological studies and radiocarbon dates. We argue that the primary economic activities of local inhabitants changed dramatically in the prehistoric Hexi Corridor. This was marked by agricultural production at c.4800–4000 bp , agro‐pastoral production at c.4000–3000 bp and animal husbandry at c.3000–2200 bp , respectively. The major subsistence strategies of these three periods show considerable variation. It is very likely that these transformations of economic patterns in the prehistoric Hexi Corridor were primarily triggered by transcontinental cultural exchange and, to a lesser extent, by climate change.