从“三位一体”到“四位一体”——中国特色社会主义事业总体布局的历史演变

改革开放以来,中国特色社会主义事业总体布局在理论上经历了由经济建设、政治建设、文化建设三位一体的初步形成到逐步明确,再到经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设四位一体的渐进发展过程。在工作安排上,社会建设的具体内容一直不同程度地体现在总体布局之中,越来越为党和国家所重视。随着我国经济社会的发展,三位一体总体布局中社会建设具体内容的边缘性和模糊性,客观上要求突破总体布局原有的框架。四位一体总体布局是对我国社会主义初级阶段社会主要矛盾认识深化的必然结果,是应对社会变革和发展新特征的理论创新,是解决经济社会发展不协调问题的必然要求。     

当代法国田野考古发掘方法与技术

本文以在法国具体从事田野考古发掘和室内整理的工作实践为基础,结合相关国外考古书籍,对目前法国所流行的考古发掘方法与技术作一概括性介绍,并与中国当代田野考古发掘方法与技术进行了对比研究。     

初版与再版邮票的质子激发X荧光鉴别法

报道用质子激发X荧光（PIXE）法分析我国初版与再版纪念邮票和特种邮票的实验结果。实验表明,初版和再版邮票所用印刷油墨颜料的化学元素的成分是不同的,因而PIXE方法可以用来实现初版和再版珍贵邮票的无损鉴定。这一方法也可以应用到对某些重要纸质文献或艺术品真伪的鉴定。     

启门的诱惑:宋金墓葬启门题材研究反思

启门题材是宋金墓葬装饰研究中的热门对象,虽经反复探讨,但相关解读仍然存在争议。此争议或与"整体性解释"的研究期待有关。类似情形在图像研究中具有一定的普遍性。作者通过梳理启门题材的解读层次,审视已有研究成果,指出此类研究的难点在于语境分析、图像逻辑的构建和文献的使用方法等几个方面。如果调整研究目标,从启门题材的形式出发,观察图像的时代变化与地域差别,或有可能回归探讨之初心,从物质、图像视角观察到不一样的历史图景。     

Fluid inclusion and isotopic constraints on the origin of ore‐forming fluid of the Jinman–Liancheng vein Cu deposit in the Lanping Basin,western Yunnan,China

Extensive quartz–carbonate–Cu sulfide veins occur in clastic rocks and are spatially related to Paleocene granites in the western border of the Lanping Basin, western Yunnan, China. Abundant aqueous‐carbonic fluid inclusions occur in these veins but their origin is debated. In the Jinman–Liancheng deposit, individual primary inclusion groups contain either exclusively liquid‐rich inclusions (Gl), or coexisting liquid‐rich and vapor‐rich inclusions (Glv). Microthermometry and estimate of CO₂ content indicate that type Gl inclusions either have homogenization temperatures (Th) 238–263°C and contain c. 3.9–5.5 mole % CO₂, or have Th 178–222°C and contain c. 1.6–3.2 mole % CO₂. Type Glv inclusions are thought to represent samples of fluid unmixing that occurred at 183–218°C. At that time, the liquid phase in the unmixing fluid may contain c. 2.0–3.3 mole % CO₂. As such, the correlation of CO₂ content with Th for type Gl inclusions is thought to be caused by fluid unmixing with decreasing temperature and subsequent CO₂ escape. δ¹⁸O and δD values of the parent water mainly fall in the field below that of primary magmatic water, indicative of fluid derivation from degassed (in open system) magmatic water, with no contributions from basinal or meteoric water. Initial Sr isotopic compositions of hydrothermal carbonates suggest that the fluid was magmatic, probably derived from the Paleogene granites. δ¹³C_PDB values (?4‰ to ?7‰) of the hydrothermal carbonates and δ³⁴S_V‐CDT values of sulfides (mainly ?11‰ to +5‰) indicate that the carbon and sulfur can be derived from (degassed) magma and/or nonmagmatic sources. The CO₂‐rich and magmatic‐water‐derived fluid at Jinman–Liancheng differs from the CO₂‐poor and basinally derived fluid in sediment‐hosted stratiform Cu (SSC) deposits, which suggests that there are no genetic linkages between the vein Cu and SSC deposits in the Lanping Basin.     

《汉书·地理志》脱漏九县补考

成书于公元54～92年间的《汉书·地理志》记载西汉设县数目总数是1587个。但《汉志》正文所列县名总数只有1578个,尚有九县脱漏。本文利用秦汉玺印、封泥、简牍等出土文物,结合文献,补考《汉志》所缺九县。     

First artematopodid beetle in Mexican amber and its biogeographic implications (Coleoptera,Artematopodidae)

Wu, H., Coty, D. & Ding, M., 10.4.2015. First artematopodid beetle in Mexican amber and its biogeographic implications (Coleoptera, Artematopodidae). Alcheringa 39, xxx-xxx. ISSN 0311-5518

Artematopodidae is a small polyphagan family forming one of the basal lineages of Elateroidea. Fossil artematopodids are rare and thus far confined to Eocene Baltic amber. Here, we report the first artematopodid, Electribius palaeomexicanus sp. nov., from Mexican amber. The fossil is placed in Electribius as supported by the following combination of characters: the presence of a setose cavity between the antennal insertion and eye, a shallow groove at the base of the pronotum connecting a pair of cavities, the elytral sutural stria deepened at the apex, and having an indistinct median part of suture between abdominal ventrites 3–5. Electribius palaeomexicanus is compared with all known Electribius species, and it is easily distinguished by its body colour, intercoxal process shape, and length of the longitudinal median ridge on ventrite 5. The new discovery suggests that the modern Central American endemic Electribius has survived in this region at least since the mid-Miocene. It provides new insights into the origin and evolution of Electribius through the Cenozoic.

Hao Wu [mason007343@163.com] and Ming Ding [dijanet@163.com], Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, No. 6 of West Lake Culture Plaza, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China; David Coty [coty.david@gmail.com], Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB, UMR 7205 CNRS UPMC EPHE, CP50, 45 rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France.     

VILLAGE HEAD DUODUO’S HAPPY LIFE

It was July 3, 2012. The sky had cleared after rain and the ancient Namseling manor looked magnificent against a backdrop of blue sky and white clouds. The little courtyard of Duoduo, the village head, is right behind the manor. For centuries, generations of feudal lords living in the manor had owned the land.     

Old Shezang＇s Story

The Namseling Manor rests on a site by a river, south of Samye Monastery and within the boundary of Namseling Village, County of Chanang in Lhoka Prefecture. The Manor was built during the Phagdrup regime. The Namseling Manor is a model of Tibetan feudal serfdom society. As an early, large-scalemanor house built in a time when Tibetan society lived under a serf-based regime, Namseling has survived hundreds of years as a witness to the formation and development of a feudal manor. After democratic reform in Tibet, the Namseling Manor stood deserted for more than half a century. The present manor, no longer what it once was, has embraced many life stories, including that of Shezang. The now elderly Shezang was born in Nagqu in 1927. Both his parents were servants in the nobleman＇s household. At 14 he was taken to Lhasa to work as a babysitter. The next year his parents passed away one by one. A fellow villager told him the news when he returned to Namseling at 26. Shezang has a younger sisterbut they were separated in Nagqu when both were still young. They never met again.     

祥瑞观念的产生、发展及其在民间的泛化

祥瑞作为一种特殊的社会现象与文化现象,对中国古代的政治和社会产生了重要影响。祥瑞意识发端于原始先民的自然崇拜意识,两汉时期,祥瑞思想系统化并成为一种理论体系,魏晋以后的隋唐时期,祥瑞观念不但作用于当时的政治,而且反过来作用于民间信仰。