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71.
Denis Clark 《Nations & Nationalism》2019,25(4):1362-1385
One of the most important questions at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference was what to do about the newly re‐created state of Poland. The Paris peacemakers realised the importance of the settlement, thanks in part to dire warnings about Poland's future, and the leaders spent much time discussing the territorial settlement. Yet discussions of this important question regularly strayed from debates about policy to incorporate understandings of Polish national character. In particular, the leaders of the so‐called Big Three, Britain, France, and the United States, connected expert opinion and the broader political landscape to stereotyped understandings of national character, among other factors. With reference to scholarship on stereotyping, this article analyses how developing attitudes on Polish national character became integrated into the complex settlement of Poland's borders. The peacemakers' decisions, which were a compromise between different points of view, reflected interconnected understandings of the Polish settlement. 相似文献
72.
The encounter between Nicolas Baudin and Matthew Flinders off the south coast of New Holland in April 1802 has attracted considerable attention. For many, it has come to symbolise the triumph of the spirit of international scientific cooperation over national rivalries and personal ambitions. Scholarly analysis of the complexities of the encounter moment itself has, however, served to modify this idealised image. The injustice subsequently done to Flinders by François Péron and Louis de Freycinet, who failed to acknowledge his discoveries on this coast in the published account of the French voyage, has also generated much discussion. The impact of the encounter on Baudin and his men, on the other hand, has not been subjected to the same scrutiny. Through a close examination of the archival documentation, this essay offers the French perspective on Matthew Flinders and highlights the ramifications for the Baudin expedition of this fateful meeting with him. 相似文献
73.
74.
Rosalia Gallotti Carmine Collina Jean-Paul Raynal Guy Kieffer Denis Geraads Marcello Piperno 《African Archaeological Review》2010,27(4):291-322
The Gombore II site dates to circa the Brunhes Matuyama Reversal and is one of the Acheulean localities of the Melka Kunture
(Upper Awash, Ethiopia) archaeological complex, known since the 1970s. In 2001, this locality was selected as the site for
an Open Air Museum and thus excavated. The excavation area has yielded an abundant Acheulean lithic assemblage manufactured
on volcanic raw materials in close association with numerous paleontological remains. A technological analysis was carried
out on a fraction of the bifacial tools (bifaces and cleavers) which could be temporarily removed from the displayed surface
in the museum. This set of artefacts reveals new data about the bifacial shaping strategies adopted at the beginning of the
Middle Pleistocene in Ethiopia. The use of obsidian and the systematic manufacturing of twisted bifaces are original features
of the assemblage. These data are discussed in the framework of penecontemporaneous East African sites. 相似文献
75.
Catherine Jean Nash 《The Canadian geographer》2006,50(1):1-16
Between the late 1960s and the early 1980s, a loose association of gay social spaces consolidated into what is now known as the 'gay village' in the Church and Wellesley street areas in downtown Toronto. Scholars argue that, while these residential and commercial districts evolved prior to the formation of organized gay political organizations, they suggest that the emergence of these districts as political and commercial districts was a direct result of deliberate local gay activism. I argue here that contrary to this literature and for much of its history, the gay movement was largely opposed to the existence of specifically gay-identified spaces, particularly those operated by both heterosexual and homosexual businesspersons. Toronto's gay activists, using different ideological frameworks, struggled to constitute a homosexual identity that stood mainly in opposition to the so-called 'ghetto gay' and to construct alternative spaces that were seen as more appropriate to the formation of a properly politicized homosexual identity. Nevertheless, by the early 1980s, as the gay village continued to thrive and as the players in gay movement politics changed, the gay ghetto became the gay village and was celebrated as a location of political strength and social necessity. This article explores that material and symbolic transformation. 相似文献
76.
77.
ABSTRACT We derive synthetic time series over the 1951–2001 period of the skills of labor market entrants for the 10 Canadian provinces from the 2003 ALL survey. The effect of the skills variable on regional income is significant and substantial. Skills acquired by one extra year of schooling result in an increase in per capita income of around 5 percent, which is close to microeconomic Mincerian estimates. Our literacy indicator does not outperform human capital indicators based on education. This contrasts sharply with recent cross‐country evidence and suggests substantial measurement error in cross‐country schooling data. 相似文献
78.
After having experienced a period of steady economic and demographic growth in the 1960s, the Canton of Neuchatel was very severely hit by the crisis of 1975 and subsequently by that of 1982. Industrial activity suffered the consequences of these two successive recessions, in particular in horology. To fend off the crisis, the political authorities of the canton decided to pursue an active policy of business promotion. In parallel with these efforts, the territorial production system underwent considerable transformation. However, new forms of territorial development must now be considered in order to ensure that it can adapt to the continuous changes in the business environment. This paper is divided into four parts. First, it is important to set out the economic context in which the canton of Neuchatel has evolved in recent decades. Second, we have considered the various business promotion measures undertaken by the canton and the Confederation. This leads us to the third part, which describes the transformation of the territorial production system. As for the fourth and last part, it describes the new strategic directions that the canton of Neuchatel can pursue in the field of economic development. 相似文献
79.
ABSTRACT This paper estimates land use conversion anticipation when zoning is the primary tool of land use regulation. Extending the Capozza and Helsey model (1989) to the case of uncertainty in future land use zoning, a spatialized hedonic model is proposed to estimate such anticipation phenomena at a fine level (cadastral unit). Estimations use Mixed Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) techniques with a two‐stage model that links agricultural and developable land markets. This allows for mapping varying spatial parameters that measure anticipation effects within the theoretical framework. Results confirm the influence of anticipation on agricultural land prices in the Provence region. Moreover, the level of data spatialization allows us to take into account intra‐municipalities' heterogeneity of land use conversion anticipation. 相似文献
80.
Jean Mitchell 《Oceania; a journal devoted to the study of the native peoples of Australia, New Guinea, and the Islands of the Pacific》2011,81(1):36-50
ABSTRACT This paper explores the measures known as ‘Operation Restore Public Hope,’ which were authorized during the State of Emergency in January 1998 in Port Vila, Vanuatu, after rioting and looting erupted over the alleged government mismanagement of the mandatory workers' savings fund. The excessive police violence associated with these ‘clean‐up measures’, I argue, undermined the state's claim ‘to restore public hope’ and illuminated the changing relationship between kastomary leaders and the state as well as their competing strategies to define and maintain social order. The extraordinary events of the State of Emergency point to the confluence of sorcery practices and police violence; underline the contested nature of everyday life, and draw attention to the disciplining of young bodies in new urban spaces. Exploring the deployment of a sorcery technique to counter police violence highlights the landscapes of modern power in Vanuatu where magical and state practices coexist with regimes of violence. 相似文献