Exchange on the quantitative measurement of ethnic and national identity*

In recent decades, there has been a noticeable increase in the use of quantitative techniques in the study of ethnicity and nationalism, without, however, a sufficient amount of reflection on how these techniques have contributed to our understanding of ethnic and national identities. As such, in this exchange three sets of authors answer questions about the degree to which it is possible to use quantitative data to measure ethnic and national identities, which types of methods are most suitable in measuring these identities and what the major research findings of this quantitative research are that were not possible using qualitative approaches.     

Australian Seventh-day Adventism and World War One: A Different Path

The Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) church in Australia differed from most Christian churches in its response to World War One, openly condemning the war as an evil to be avoided while attempting to remain focused on its evangelistic mission. This article explores the philosophy of the SDAs that allowed them to stand apart from the bulk of the churches, and the evolving nuanced path forward negotiated between the ideals of the church and the needs of the government. The success of the SDA church in maintaining its spiritual focus broadens our understanding of the relationship between churches and state in Australia in World War One, and adds a level of subtlety in understanding the government's response to a church that had an ambivalent response to the state's war goals.     

Lire pour apprendre? A propos de la litterature didactique des derniers siecles du Moyen Age

A travers l'exemple d'un recueil de miracles attribués à saint Jacques, dont il confronte l'original latin et la traduction castillane, l'auteur s'interroge sur la place de la littérature didactique dans l'enseignement religieux à la fin du Moyen Age. Après avoir étudié comment les transformations apportées par le traducteur castillan à la version latine faisaient évoluer le texte de la sphère de la littérature miraculeuse vers celle de la littérature didactique, il tente de montrer que si cet ouvrage semble offrir aux fidèles un accès direct au savoir doctrinal, il ne libère pourtant pas ses lecteurs de la tutelle ecclésiastique. Cette démonstration prétend remettre en cause l'idée selon laquelle la diffusion des ouvrages didactiques au XVe siècle aurait permis une appropriation individuelle du savoir et donc une remise en cause du contrôle par l'Eglise de l'enseignement religieux.     

Book reviews‐comptes rendus

Peter GARNSEY & Richard SALLER, L'Empire romain. Economie, société, culture, Paris, La Découverte / Textes à l'appui, 1994.

Morris SLAVIN, The Hébertistes to the Guillotine: anatomy of a ‘conspiracy’ in Revolutionary France, Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge and London, 1994, xvii + 280 p., ISBN 0–8071–1838–9.

Philippe BURRIN, La France à l'heure allemande, 1940–1944, Paris, Editions du Seuil, 1995.

Emmanuel LE ROY LADURIE, Le siècle des Platter 1499–1628, t.1 “Le mendiant et le professeur”, Paris, Fayard, 1995, 529 p., 170 FF., ISBN 2–213–01444–2.     

From Monad to man

From Monad to Man: The Concept of Progress in Evolutionary Biology. By Michael Ruse (Harvard University Press, 1997), x + 628 pp., $49.95 cloth.