渤海政权的对外交通及其遗迹发现

渤海政权对外有六条交通道路,即通往中原的营州道和朝贡道,通往周边民族的契丹道和黑水道,通往朝鲜半岛的新罗道和通往日本的日本道。本文在以往调查和研究的基础上,根据文献记载和近年新的考古发现,分别对各条道路的走向及沿途的重要遗迹进一步做了比较全面的介绍和必要的论证。     

试论日本古代国家官僚制度

五位以上的有位贵族依据"官位相当制",在官僚机构内部担任高官,并在服制即朝服和礼服方面与六位以下官人相区别。有位贵族在政治、经济、法律和受教育方面具有很大的特权,享有一系列的优惠待遇。官人的出身资格大体分为五位以上官人的子孙的荫子孙、六、七、八位官人之子的位子和除此之外的白丁三种。荫位制,是五位以上的有位贵族子孙的主要出身之路。日本的学校与官吏出身制度的联系不是很密切,日本的学校的功能与其说是培养任用官吏的机构,不如说是在培养专家的同时,以使五位以上贵族子孙广泛了解经学为目的的一种经学传播机构。     

党的民族政策照耀土乡大地

1949年9月12日,中国共产党领导的中国人民解放军西北野战军一军解放了互助县,宣告成立了中共互助县委、互助县人民政府,组建了县委的各办事机构和县政府的民、财、建、教科。随即派出了四个区的党组织、区公所负责人及办事人员、各乡政府的指导员,着手吸收各民族青年中的积极分子进行短期培训。县委、县政府抽调部分工作人员,加上培训中的人员、     

麦积山石窟"伏羲女娲"图像辨析

麦积山石窟169、69窟间浮塑交龙装饰龛楣图像,长期被一些研究者误读为“伏羲女娲”,并与天水作为“伏羲女娲”故乡的人文背景相联系。本文在详细考察洞窟图像的基础上,结合佛教经典与文献的相关记载,并参照国内其它石窟的龙装饰图像的情况,指出交龙龛饰的石窟造型图像是佛教中“天龙八部”之一的护持佛法的龙众,是佛国世界的守护神。麦积山石窟交龙龛饰图像与中国传统文化中的“伏羲女娲”无关。     

就石片台面研究问题答李炎贤

石片包括了各种类型台面的石片,石片台面的分类可以视为石片分类的一种。旧石器时代考古术语需要斟酌和规范。科学研究必须实事求是。     

敦煌佛教与禅宗学术研讨会综述

2006年7月2-3日,由兰州大学敦煌学研究所、陕西师范大学佛教研究所和敦煌研究院联合主办的“敦煌佛教与禅宗学术研讨会”在兰州大学敦煌学研究所召开。来自北京、上海、福建、河南、河北、四川、陕西、宁夏、青海、新疆、甘肃11个省市区的代表70余人应邀出席了会议。     

Development at the Edge of Difference: Rethinking Capital and Market Relations from Lugu Lake,Southwest China

This paper rethinks the relationships between capitalist development in indigenous places and the fabric of local differences and specificities. It first develops a critical appraisal of the celebration of ethnic identities, local agency and indigenous knowledge in existing literatures. It suggests that, based on such insights, we can further envision the possibility of questioning and problematising the ontology and concept of the capitalist economy. Above all, this paper is interested in non-capitalist factors percolating into capitalist economies and creating fissures in their logical and ontological coherence. It examines how capitalist economies depend on local specificities to achieve particular configurations. We elucidate this argument with a case study of indigenous development in Lugu Lake, Southwest China, which is inhabited by the ethnic Mosuo people. Through the dual lenses of land and labour, we pay special attention to the transition from grassroots development initiatives to heavy dependence on exogenous capital and entrepreneurs.     

本土史学与中国话语:《清代山东经营地主的社会性质》的对外流播及其影响

在马克思主义唯物史观指导之下,1959年山东大学青年教师景甦和罗仑出版《清代山东经营地主的社会性质》一书,探讨了中国农业资本主义萌芽问题。该书从生产关系的研究角度,着眼山东乡村并专注农民阶级,从内部提炼区域社会发展的历史方向,彰显了近代中国区域发展的差异性以及乡村历史的独特性,在利用本土史学资源的基础上形成了具有中国特色的学术话语。该书还借用田野调查扩充史料来源,重视计量分析在史学上的运用,朴素地显示出史学与社会科学相结合的跨学科研究趋向。该书外译英文后,为西方学者推重,并对后者产生涵容互摄的学术影响。该书所体现出的立足本土史学并形成中国学术话语的治学风格,在中外学术交流频仍的当今富有借鉴意义。     

旅游目的地选择行为的收入群体差异——以北京、武汉、西安城镇居民为例

以北京、武汉、西安城镇居民为例,探究旅游目的地选择行为的收入群体差异。研究发现,不同收入群体的旅游目的地选择行为存在明显差异,具体表现在：①不同收入群体的景区到访率均随距离的增加呈e指数衰减,但衰减速率存在收入群体差异,收入越高的群体,到访率距离衰减速率相对越小。②中国城镇居民的国内旅游目的地选择行为具有“距离择近,景点择高,经济择富”的“三择”倾向,但不同收入群体的“三择”程度不同,收入越低的群体,“距离择近,经济择富”的倾向越明显。③不同收入群体到访率空间分异趋势一致,但高到访率空间大小不同,收入越高的群体,高到访率空间越大。④目的地亲景度存在收入群体差异,收入越高的群体,目的地亲景度越高。     

The Role of Engineer-in-Chief and the Introduction of Foreign Hydraulic Dredging Technology and River Conservancy into China, 1890s–1930s

This paper discusses studies of the development of river conservancy in modern China, and the role of engineers-in-chief in river improvement planning on rivers such as the Hai-ho (Haihe) and the Whangpoo (Huangpu). It discusses the introduction of foreign hydraulic dredging technology and management into two major Chinese ports. It then analyses the process by which two agencies of the Chinese government absorbed and adjusted this technology to suit local circumstances in the treaty ports of Tianjin and Shanghai beginning in the 1890s. Without prior experience in river conservancy, the conservancy boards adopted a range of foreign technologies. This allowed them to develop into major institutions that facilitated increasing trade flows between China and the rest of the world. Of particular significance in this process of technological change was the role of the expatriate engineers-in-chief who were employed as chief executive officers of both agencies. They were responsible for establishing the operations of the agencies, accommodating an increasing range of responsibilities such as financial and human resource management, and training Chinese engineers and managers for senior positions until they were ready to replace the expatriate engineers-in-chief after the 1930s.