论汽车工业旅游资源的开发利用——以中国第一汽车集团公司为例

汽车工业旅游资源具有融求知与审美于一身,集观光与购物于一体的多功能性。国外汽车工业旅游早已兴起并且发展迅速,我国尚处于初始阶段。中国第一汽车集团公司是新中国汽车工业的发源地,在长期的历史积淀中,形成了独具特色的汽车工业旅游资源。本文论述了汽车工业旅游资源的内涵、特征及其开发利用的重要意义、原则,并系统地分析了中国"一汽"汽车旅游资源特点,提出"五大项目、四区、二线"的开发利用构想。本文认为我国汽车工业旅游资源丰富多彩,只要开发得当,其旅游市场前景十分广阔,值得旅游部门和汽车企业深化挖掘。     

Identification of PbO (BaO) faience from an early and middle Warring States period cemetery at Zhaitouhe,northern Shaanxi,China

Low‐temperature vitreous materials fluxed with lead (and barium) appeared in the early Warring States period (c.fifth century bce ) in ancient China. A range of lead vitreous products fluxed with the same agent, including faience/glass beads, glazed pottery and Chinese blue (purple) pigment, were developed subsequently. This study carries out scientific analysis of six vitreous beads unearthed from the Zhaitouhe cemetery site in northern Shaanxi dating to the early and middle Warring States period to investigate their chemical composition, microstructure and coloration. The lead (and barium) vitreous beads identified here are some of the earliest lead vitreous materials discovered in China so far, and therefore important for the study of the development of lead vitreous technologies in ancient China. This paper also points out that it is meaningful to evaluate the lead glass, glazed pottery and barium copper silicate pigments as a whole technological assemblage given their close relationships.     

试论繁昌汤家山出土“鸟形饰”的用途

本文结合文献记载和考古实物资料,对安徽繁昌县汤家山出土的鸟形饰的用途进行了探讨。作者认为鸟形饰即钟磬乐悬梁架—簨虡的端饰。同时,作者还讨论了另外一种簨虡的装饰—业,并甄别出两组早年出土的相关实物。本文写作也提醒在考古工作者在发掘过程中重视簨虡装饰的识别。     

河北及京津地区早中全新世文化的时空分布及其气候环境因素

本文根据考古学14C年代数据和考古遗存情况,结合高分辨率的地层和古气候研究资料,分析了河北及京津地区早中全新世文化的时空分布格局以及影响遗址分布的地貌和气候因素。该地区早中全新世文化时间序列为:早期新石器时代文化(10,000~8,800 yr BP)、新石器早中期之间的文化缺环(约8,800~7,300 yr BP)、7,300~6,500yr BP的磁山.兴隆洼.北福地一期三大文化系统并立发展时期以及6,500~6,000 yr BP的前仰韶文化时期。文化序列与气候序列对比发现:文化发展很大程度上受到气候条件的制约。从文化分布空间来看,具有如下特征:首先,早中全新世时期的文化分布在与当时海岸线平行的弧形地带上,这种分布格局与气候和地貌条件有关。在排除了地势高亢和海侵影响地区后,太行山东麓到古海岸线之间的弧形地带成为最佳选择。其次,从遗址分布高度来看,当时人仍居住在较高地貌面上,海侵及众多湖沼阻止了人类向东部平原腹地迈进的步伐。     

Ancient DNA analysis of desiccated wheat grains excavated from a Bronze Age cemetery in Xinjiang

Wheat has been one of the most important crop in Eurasia since the Neolithic period. Understanding the spread of wheat cultivation is crucial to understanding the spread of agriculture as a whole and the interactions between prehistoric populations across the Eurasian continent. However, the routes by which wheat cultivation spread eastwards have been poorly understood to date, due to the scarcity of plant remains recovered from archaeological sites. Desiccated wheat grains excavated from the Xiaohe cemetery in Xinjiang, and dated to the early Bronze Age, show excellent DNA preservation. Here we present an ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis of wheat (Triticum sp.) grains excavated from Xiaohe and provide the first definitive evidence for bread wheat in China during the Bronze Age. The nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS1 and ITS2) and the intergenic spacer region (IGS) were amplified. The IGS region within the D genome of wheat has a 71 bp insertion that is absent from corresponding regions in the A and B genomes. The results showed that the Xiaohe wheat showed most sequence similarity to hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), including the characteristic insertion into the D genome. The presence of bread wheat at the Xiaohe cemetery is discussed in relation to it having spread into Xinjiang by the Bronze Age, providing new insight into the origins of bread wheat in East Asia.     

成都十二桥遗址新一村一期出土漆彩绘陶的分析研究

为了探究成都地区漆器制造历史和工艺,对2010年度成都十二桥遗址新一村一期地点出土的一批彩绘陶残片样品采用包括:加速器质谱碳十四年代测定(AMS-14C)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、显微镜形貌观察(OM)、显微激光拉曼(Micro-Raman)、能量色散X射线荧光(XRF)等分析方法进行了研究。结果表明这批陶器年代在西周中晚期至春秋。陶胎以易熔粘土为原料而成;彩绘层是用生漆(大漆)分别加炭黑、朱砂调和结膜而成;髹漆工艺为先髹饰黑色底漆层,然后再用含朱砂的红色颜料漆勾勒图案,黑红相间形成鲜明对比,起到良好装饰效果。这批漆陶的发现表明成都平原地区大漆工艺的使用年代可到西周中晚期。     

东盎格利亚道路:英国传统农业区的曲折转型

东盎格利亚是英格兰东部一个相对独立的地理单元,作为中世纪较为发达的传统农业区,它具有与典型封建农业区不同的一些经济社会特点。在英国从农业社会向工业社会转型的进程中,东盎格利亚根据自身的资源、传统和优势,不断探寻本区域的经济发展方向,走了一条"传统农业→原工业化→商品化农业"的曲折道路,最终找到了较为适当的经济定位。东盎格利亚的这一转型既反映了英国崛起过程的复杂性,也体现了农业社会向工业社会转变道路的多样化。     

清代官修纪传体国史史料价值探微

纪传体国史纂修是清代官修史学的重要组成部分。卷帙浩繁的纪传体清国史记录了有清一代近三百年的历史沧桑,为后世保存了大量珍贵的史料。纪传体清国史是清代人物传记之渊薮、典章制度之总结、民国初年所修《清史稿》的重要史源,并可校补《清史稿》舛误。虽然纂修者为维护统治者的形象和利益,不惜曲笔隐瞒历史真相是纪传体清国史之不足,但从整体上看,尊重历史,秉笔直书,仍然是清国史纂修的主流。     

《徐忠勤公遗集识后》及其文献价值

一、《识后》写作背景及版本状况 《徐忠勤公遗集识后》(以下简称《识后》)是我国近代藏书家徐坊之子徐锺蒧为徐坊作品集写的一篇序跋性文字.徐坊(1858-1916),字士言,又字矩庵,号梧生,又号蒿庵,山东临清人.     

斯洛伐克，不只是芬芳

在美丽小国斯洛伐克春末夏初的季节只停留了三天半,离开时发现竟然有些舍不得。上了车,放好行李,在车子发动之前闭上眼睛,努力呼吸,为的是让这个国家特有的气息能够在记忆里多多停留,哪怕只是一小会儿。于是,温泉啊、湖泊啊,草木啊,泥土啊……,那些浸润着自然之气的种种味道,夹杂着繁芜的颜色都一起进来了,只觉得养眼养心,唇齿生芳,但又不只是芬芳。