新移民:何以新?为何新?

文章分析了近二三十年来中国大陆、台湾、香港以及东南亚地区出现的华侨华人移民和“再移民”现象 ,对“新移民”的称谓、东道国接收移民的政策、“新移民”与其先辈的不同之处、“新移民”在海外生存和发展所面临的主要问题等进行了探讨 ,并再一次强调了对华侨华人同化问题应有的认识 :既融入在海外的本族群 ,也融入当地的其他族群 ,又保持自己的种族认同     

Chronicle for 2014

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Book Reviews

Abstract

One of the few maps made by the indigenous population of the Americas and dating from the early eighteenth century to have survived, either in original or copied form, is the subject of this article. The map, on deerskin, was given to the new governor of South Carolina, Francis Nicholson, by an unknown Native American. Entitled A Map Describing the Situation of the Several Nations of Indians between South Carolina and the Massissipi River, it has generally been attributed to the Catawba nation. After situating the map in its historical period and detailing the claims for a Catawba origin, these claims are refuted and evidence supplied for a Cherokee origin.     

Book Reviews

Australian Politics

Stephen Alomes and Catherine Jones (eds), A Documentary History of Australian Nationalism (Sydney: Angus and Robertson, 1991) pp.viii + 464. $29.95 ISBN 0 207 1634 2.

Ron Callus, Alison Morehead, Mark Cully and John Buchanan, Industrial Relations at Work: The Australian Workplace Industrial Relations Survey (Canberra: Commonwealth Department of Industrial Relations, AGPS, 1991) pp.xxii + 366. $24.95 ISBN 0 644 13429 1.

Anne Crichton, Slowly Taking Control? (Sydney: Allen & Unwin, 1990) pp.xiii + 279. $19.95 ISBN 0 04 442166 4.

Greg Fry (ed.) Australia's Regional Security (Sydney: Unwin & Allen, 1991) pp.x + 221. $16.95 ISBN 0 04 302001 1.

Brian Galligan, Owen Hughes and Cliff Walsh (eds), Intergovernmental Relations and Public Policy (Sydney: Allen & Unwin, 1991) pp.xiv + 389. $27.50 ISBN 0 04 442257 1.

Christine Jennett and Randal G. Stewart (eds), Hawke and Australian Public Policy: Consensus and Restructuring (Melbourne: Macmillan, 1990) pp.vii + 422.$29.9S ISBN 0 7329 0343 2.

Ian McAllister and Rhonda Moore, Party Strategy and Change: Australian Electoral Speeches Since 1946 (Melbourne: Longman Cheshire, 1991) pp.xiv + 332. $28.99 ISBN 0 582 86971 4.

Doug McEachern, Business Mates: The Power and Politics of the Hawke Era (Sydney: Prentice Hall, 1991) pp.xi + 168. $n.p. ISBN 0 7428 0520 6.

Allan Peachment (ed.), The Business of Government: Western Australia 1983–1990 (Sydney: The Federation Press, 1991) pp.xvi + 240. $25.00 ISBN 1 86287 046 2.

Chris Pirie and John Power (eds), Economic and Management Pressures on Australian Public Administration (Canberra College of Advanced Education in association with the Victorian Division of the Royal Australian Institute of Public Administration, 1989) pp.vii + 163. $n.p. ISBN 0 85889 338 X.

Comparative and International Politics

Christopher J. Bailey, The US Congress (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1989) pp.x + 175. $n.p. ISBN 0 631 15861 6.

Herman Bakvis, Regional Ministers: Power and Influence in the Canadian Cabinet (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1991) pp.xv + 378. $Can.22.95 ISBN 0 8020 6698 4.

Lester R. Brown et al, State of the World: A Worldwatch Institute Report on Progress Toward a Sustainable Society (Sydney: Allen & Unwin in association with W.W. Norton & Co./Worldwatch Institute [New York], 1991) pp.xvii + 254. $19.95 ISBN 86373 018 4.

Alistair Cole (ed.), French Political Parties in Transition (Aldershot: Dartmouth, 1990) pp.xiii + 212. £29.50 ISBN 1 85521 012 6.

John Gittings, China Changes Face: The Road from Revolution 1949–1989 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990) pp.xiv + 322. $19.95 ISBN 0 19 285165 9.

Harry Harding, China's Second Revolution. Reform After Mao (Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 1989) pp.xx + 369. $19.95 ISBN 0 04 442106 0.

John W. Longworth (ed.), China's Rural Development Miracle With International Comparisons (St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, 1989) pp.xxiv + 457. $n.p. ISBN 0 7022 2264 X.

Emmanuel Todd (trans. A. and B. Forster), The Making of Modern France (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1991) pp.x + 224. $37.95 ISBN 0 631 17948 8.

Achin Vanaik, The Painful Transition: Bourgeois Democracy in India (London: Verso, 1991) pp.302. $32.95 ISBN 0 86091 504 2.

Zhang Xinxin and Sang Ye (eds WJ.F. Jenner and Delia Davin) Chinese Lives: An Oral History of Contemporary China (London: Penguin Books, 1989) pp.xxii + 367. $14.99 ISBN 0 14 011625 7.

Political Theory and Methodology

S. Alomes and D. den Hartog (eds), Post Pop: Popular Culture, Nationalism and Postmodernism (Footscray: Footprint, 1991) pp.130. $np. ISBN 186297 012 2.

Clare Burton, The Promise & The Price: The Struggle for Equal Opportunity in Women's Employment (Sydney: Allen & Unwin, 1991) pp.xiv + 184. $18.95 ISBN 0 04 442286 5.

Mark Cowling and Lawrence Wilde (eds), Approaches to Marx (Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1989) pp.xiv + 231. $29.95 ISBN 0 335 15621 5.

Robert Meister, Political Identity: Thinking Through Marx (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1990) pp.ix + 426. $45.00 ISBN 0 631 17746 9.

J.‐P. Fitoussi and E.S. Phelps, The Slump in Europe: Reconstructing Open Economy Theory (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988) pp.xiii + 145. $29.95 ISBN 0 631 17181 9.

William M. Johnston, Celebrations: The Cult of Anniversaries in Europe and the United States Today. (New Brunswick: Transaction, 1991) pp.xii + 187. $n.p. ISBN 0 88738 375 0.

Boris Kagarlitsky (translator: Rick Simon), Farewell Perestroika: A Soviet Chronicle (London and New York: Verso, 1990) pp.vii + 217. $29.95 ISBN 0 86091 5085.

Sonia Kruks, Situation and Human Existence: Freedom, Subjectivity and Society (London: Unwin Hyman, 1990) pp.xv + 215. $19.95 ISBN 0 04 4454570.

Martin Laffin, Managing Under Pressure: Industrial Relations in Local Government (London: Macmillan, 1989) pp.xvi + 207. $27.95 ISBN 0 333 44660 7.

Mary Lyndon Shanley and Carole Pateman (eds), Feminist Interpretations and Political Theory (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1991) pp.x + 288. $29.95 ISBN 0 7456 07505 5.

John Mathews, Age of Democracy (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989) pp.vxii + 278. $16.95 ISBN 0 19 554923 6.

Thomas E. McCollough, The Moral Imagination and Public Life: Raising the Ethical) Question (New Jersey: Chatham House Publishers, 1991) pp.xv + 176. $US14.95 ISBN 0 934540 85 3.

Ephraim Nimni, Marxism and Nationalism: Theoretical Origins of a Political Crisis (London: Pluto Press, 1991) pp.x + 242. £27.50 ISBN 0 04 442286 5.

Peter Osbome (ed.), Socialism and the Limits of Liberalism (London: Verso, 1991), pp.299. $32.95. ISBN 0 86091 543 3.

Suri Ratnapala, Welfare State or Constitutional State? (Sydney: Centre for Independent Studies, 1990) pp.xii + 113. $12.95 ISBN 0 949769 54 1.

L.J. Sharpe, The Anglo‐American Lexicon of the Social Sciences (Oxford: Trulex, 1990) pp.vi + 146. £10.00.

A. Sivanandan, Communities of Resistance: Writings on Black Struggles for Socialism (London: Verso, 1990) pp.ix + 250. $34.95 ISBN 0 86091 514 X.     

Norfolk livestock farming 1250–1740: a comparative study of manorial accounts and probate inventories

This paper examines developments in Norfolk livestock husbandry over a period of five centuries. It breaks new ground by combining evidence from manorial accounts and probate inventories and the methodological difficulties of using the two sources are examined in some detail. Despite these difficulties the evidence of accounts and inventories reveals the continuity of developed and dynamic pastoral farming systems in Norfolk. From an early date the distinctive feature of livestock farming was its close integration with arable farming, producing mixed-farming systems of remarkable productivity. By substituting horses for oxen and cultivating fodder crops, Norfolk farmers succeeded in maximizing the ratio of non-working to working animals, thereby permitting the development of specialized sheep farming, cattle-based dairying, and later, fattening. Sheep farming was transformed from a peasant to a landlord activity and dairying shifted in its spatial focus, gradually giving way to fattening, rendering Norfolk farmers increasingly dependent upon the import of young stock from outside the county. The most difficult comparison between accounts and inventories yields the most remarkable finding: between the fourteenth and the seventeenth centuries stocking densities approximately doubled. This implies significant gains in pastoral output per unit area, reinforcing the view that developments in livestock husbandry may well have been of greater importance in increasing agricultural production than the more heavily studied arable sector.     

The regional impact of the channel tunnel: Qualitative and quantitative analysis

The paper addresses the question of how different types of regions mill be affected by the development of a major new transport infrastructure such as the Channel Tunnel. It summarizes a study on the regional impacts of the Channel Tunnel throughout the European Union (EU). The research design combined qualitative methods of futures exploration employing 13 regional case studies with quantitative forecasting techniques using the MEPLAN transport and economic model. The paper presents the methodology and major results of the two approaches with respect to the impacts of the Channel Tunnel on transport flows and regional development in Europe and draws conclusions for transport and regional policy of the EU. The paper demonstrates that the removal of a bottleneck like the Channel Tunnel does not necessarily induce economic gains in all adjacent regions. Much more important for regional economic development than the reduction of transport costs are the image to be a region well integrated into the European high‐speed transport network and an active political response of the region to take advantage of opportunities like the Channel Tunnel.