精品年鉴发展路径与思考——以“五连冠”中国精品年鉴《山西年鉴》为例

《山西年鉴》从1985年创刊,沧桑发展30年后,创造了2016年版至2020年版连续五年入选中国精品年鉴的优良成绩。本文系统分析其发展路径,并提出若干思考,以期为其他年鉴发展提供借鉴。     

世俗化与法国天主教的现代定位

本文主要分为三个部分：第一部分,通过当前关于世俗化理论争论的梳理,说明法国世俗化问题的理论意义;第二部分,说明法国世俗化的特殊表现,强调了法国世俗化是一种非自然形式,是历史、理念、政治斗争交汇产生的结果,同时指出在西欧国家中,法国是世俗化表现最为激烈的国家;第三部分,通过分析法国天主教在世俗化之后的现代定位（包括组织定位、思想定位和文化定位）,说明即使在法国被公认为完全世俗化的国度里,宗教仍然具有不可忽视的地位和影响。与现代化相结合的世俗化理论值得作出重要的修正。     

从欧洲安全与合作会议看英国对东西方缓和的态度

欧洲安全与合作会议是缓和的最高潮,它十分清晰地反映出英国对缓和的态度及其政策特点:不想要,但不可避免。虽然英国并不想要欧安会,但是针对苏联的缓和政策,也为了在缓和潮流里不落后于盟国,英国不仅积极参与欧安会的准备工作,还在各议题上最大限度地为西方联盟争取利益。在欧安会的开幕时间问题上,英国坚持和西德保持同步。从结果看,英国对欧安会所做的比较充分的准备使西方集团在谈判期间获得了长时间的优势,还成功地使自己在会议进程中扮演了重要的大国角色,也一定程度上对欧洲的未来产生了深远影响。     

New Estimates of Gravitational Attraction by Linear Programming

This paper uses data for intercity air-passenger travel to derive a set of general propulsion and attraction factors for twenty-five large U.S. cities. The paper develops a new way of examining the linkages between flows and nodal attraction. The technique is to assume that the flow data fit a simple gravity model, and then linear programming is used to maximize the consistency of the endogenous propulsion and attraction with the flow data. Various linear models are used to determine the pattern of urban attraction factors that are consistent with the gravitational flows. Linear programming as well as goal programming models are used to develop a set of analyses linking flows to urban hierarchies. Suggestions for further extensions of the method to address substantive issues of urban systems analysis are also provided.     

Cross-border connection between Hong Kong and mainland China under 'two systems' before and beyond 1997

Cross-border flows of people, goods and capital are fundamental forces triggering spatial and economic transformations in any cross-border regional production system. This study focuses on such cross-border links between Hong Kong and mainland China in the context of cross-border regional production systems. The paper examines first the close demographic ties and investment and trading relations between Hong Kong and mainland China before 1997. In terms of total direct and indirect trading, and outward investment, Hong Kong was the largest partner of mainland China and vice versa. The recent development in the cross-border development between Hong Kong and the mainland after 1997 is also analyzed. The political change, the return of Hong Kong to China in 1997, did not alter the demographic-economic linkages significantly as such connections had been well established during the period 1978 to 1997 after China's opening to the outside world. Hong Kong and mainland China are two independent economic entities practicing ‘two systems’ of capitalism and socialism respectively. Contrary to common expectation, the new government in Hong Kong only played a limited role after 1997. However, a bottom-up approach has been working spontaneously and the local people and businessmen in Hong Kong have been the primary force in establishing strong relations with the mainland facilitated by the close demographic-cultural ties both before and after 1997.     

由旧志续志的编修特点看当前第二轮修志

第二轮修志与首轮修志不同,大多数地方采取了“修续志”的方式,即接续首轮社会主义新方志。文章拟以江苏、浙江、上海、安徽四省（直辖市）的旧志续志为研究对象,通过总结四地旧志续志的编修特点,对第二轮修志有所借鉴,进而探讨当前第二轮修志的编纂方法,包括修志方式、谋篇布局、对变化较小门类的记载、对新增或变化较快较大门类的记载、补遗、纠误等多个方面。通过借鉴旧志续志经验,为第二轮修志提供更多的理论依据和经验支持。     

葉德輝刻書活動探析

葉德輝是清末民初的文獻學家,其所致力包括藏書建設,藏書目録編製、讀書題跋撰寫、書史研究、藏書經驗總結、前人書目考證糾正和訂補等,並延伸到圖書刊刻領域。葉德輝一生共刊刻超過百種圖書。除刊刻内容嚴肅及與本人學術喜好相關的圖書,還刊刻遊藝、房中等流傳甚少的書籍,其刻書幾乎沒有禁區。他不僅重視刊刻個人著述與家集,也重視刊刻海內外未經傳刻或罕見之本,於保存文獻、羽翼學術,居功至偉。葉德輝亦精於校勘之學,一些孤本文獻賴其力得以保存。故葉德輝不愧爲清末民初具有代表性的刻書家,其貢獻應予肯定。     

重新认识金融资本形成和资本输出的时间

本文批评了把商业资本主义、工业资本主义和金融资本主义作为资本主义发展循序渐进的三个阶段而不是资本主义三种形态的错误认识。通过翔实的经济史资料,本文说明随着欧洲大规模跨国商业和早期银行家的出现,金融资本和资本投资就随之出现。在近代资本主义的扩张中,资本输出很早就已开始,在英国,早在19世纪20年代,资本输出额就超过了商品输出额。     

歷史中的小說和小說中的歷史——說宗教和文學兩種不同語境中的“秘密大喜樂禪定”

藏傳佛教曾在元朝宮廷廣爲流傳,《元史》等官修史書中的有關記載,源出自元末明初的一部野史《庚申外史》,明代的作家將這段已被小說化了的歷史進一步戲劇化和小說化,遂使藏傳佛教淪爲"淫戲"和"房中術"的代名詞。本文從文獻學的角度釐清漢文化傳統中有關元代宮廷所傳藏傳密法的記載從小說到歷史,再從歷史到小說的複雜演變過程,並利用西夏、元代所譯藏傳密教文獻研究元代藏傳佛教傳播史,從藏傳密教的語境中還原西番僧人於元廷所傳所謂"秘密大喜樂禪定"的真實面目和本來意義,顛覆其於漢文文學作品中被色情化了的負面形象,重建歷史的真實。     

清华楚简"武王八年伐(旨耳)"刍议

众所周知,《尚书·西伯戡黎》是关于商亡前历史的一篇重要文献,记述了商末纣王与祖伊对于天命的讨论对答。事从周人征伐黎国事件