Urine trouble: a social history of bedwetting and its regulation

Bedwetting has confounded the presumed boundaries of the human body, existing in a fluid space, between the normal and pathological, its treatment has demanded the application of a wide array of different technologies, each based on a distinct conception of the relationship between the body and personality, human organs and personal conduct. In tracing the social history of bedwetting and its regulation, this article examines the ontological assumptions underpinning the treatment of bedwetting and how they have changed over the past two centuries. Through the analysis of medical journals, newspaper articles and magazine advertisements, different topologies are identified which redefine the boundaries of the human body and its capacities. From 16th-century naturalism, in which the human body is subordinated to a cosmic totality, to the circumscribed space of 19th-century paediatrics and the expansive circuits of behavioural psychology and modern psychoanalysis, the body has become multiplied, differently enacted through the application of diverse technologies. It was be shown how coordinating the messy and divergent conceptions of the human body has posed an endemic problem for the human sciences, and how the enduring tension between object enactment and subject constitution is an expression of modern "baroque" subjectivity.     

乌尔第三王朝温马地区法庭判案文件译注与简析

乌尔第三王朝时期的法庭判案文件,苏美尔语称为"di-til-la",意为"最终裁决".吉尔苏出土文献最多,在温马也出土了少数泥板,基本上属于财产争诉案件.与吉尔苏的相比,温马的法庭判案文件有自己的特点.本文根据出土于温马地区的20块判案泥板文书,探讨了乌尔第三王朝时期温马地区的民法案例以及涉及的经济和社会制度.     

Estimating original flake mass from 3D scans of platform area

This study confirms the increased capacity to predict flake mass that arises from more accurately measuring surface area in three dimensions using a digital scanner. We also reveal the existence of significantly different relationships between platform area and flake mass for flakes with different platform types and ventral and dorsal morphologies. These different relationships between platform surface area and mass have not been previously identified, and reveal the complexity of platform/mass relationships. Using multivariate regression of 3D platform surface area and external platform angle we improve the accuracy of predictions of original flake mass. We propose a method for studying reduction intensity on retouched flakes, based on comparing predictions of the initial mass of the flake with measurements of the mass following retouching to estimate the amount of mass removed through retouching. We name this approach the Initial-/Terminal-Mass Comparison, or ITMC. Our experiments demonstrate that the capacity of the 3D platform scans to predict flake mass, and by implication the capacity of the ITMC to estimate mass loss, rivals or exceeds the capacity demonstrated for existing reduction measures.     

《如梦录》及其史料价值

《如梦录》是一部记载明代后期开封城市状况的笔记体方志性著作,以其记载翔实、内容丰富而具有重要的史料价值。对该书的作者、版本进行考证和论述,对其主要内容及其史料价值作比较详细的介绍和分析,具有一定的学术意义。     

台湾出土部分古代玻璃珠的科学分析

使用北京大学科技考古实验室的激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体发射光谱分析了台湾省出土的18件古代玻璃珠子标本．结果表明这些珠子主要属于钙镁玻璃系统、钾玻璃系统、铅玻璃系统以及钠钙玻璃系统．除钠钙玻璃以外其它玻璃的制作技术均和同时期在大陆流行的玻璃制作技术同源。而成分分析结果显示钠钙玻璃可能来自印度或者东南亚,说明中古时期台湾岛是“海上丝绸之路”的重要中转站。     

经典的没落与章学诚“六经皆史”说的提升

晚清以降,国势衰危,随着西力东侵、西学东渐,经典不再是士大夫发挥政治与文化理想的最高思想资源,"六经皆史"遂成为流行的时代思潮.本文主要联系晚清今古文经学之争与民国新史学家提出的"六经皆史料"的口号,扼要勾勒了章学诚的"六经皆史"说在晚清民国的影响与折变.从"六经皆史",到"夷六艺于古史",再到"六经皆史料",此说之备受关注,深刻地反映了中国近代经学的衰败及其主导地位被史学所取代,而经典自身不能不以"史料"的身份寄身于"史学"的历史命运.经典之权威地位的丧失与"六经皆史"说之提升齐头并进、恰成反悖而有密切的内在关系,尤为深刻地反映了时势的变动.     

道教性命双修的文化精神特质与汉代养生画像石刻

养生汉画像石是汉文化的重要组成部分,体达着“下根”之人对于道教义理的认识和选择。以往相关研究多流于图像内容的阐释,着力点在于将该类画像还原成文献,缺乏对图像形式背后所隐藏观念意味的关注,未曾从道教房中养生思想对汉画观念浸润的层面作深入考察。房中养生画像石刻是对特定历史时期道教养生观念的诠释和图解,它的出现,与汉代特殊的人文环境有着密切的联系。     

论权力寻租及其法律制约

权力寻租是当前社会产生腐败的主要原因之一。权力寻租有其产生的必然性,它严重危害国家和杜会,已成为当今世界政治中的一大顽症。制约权力寻租最有效的方法是法律制约,但是法律制约权力寻租还必须有合适的环境为支撑。