Sourcing copper ores for production of bronzes excavated at Shuangyantang,a Western Zhou (1046–771 <Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">bc</Emphasis>) site in Chongqing (Southwest China): evidence from lead isotope analysis

Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) and lead isotope analyses were applied to 12 Western Zhou (1046–771 bc) bronzes unearthed from the Shuangyantang site in Wushan County, Chongqing (southwest China), to investigate their chemical compositions and possible mineral source(s). The results showed that (1) the investigated bronzes were mostly bronzes with low, common lead and (2) their lead isotopic values almost all fall into a relatively narrow range, suggesting possibly the use of raw materials from a common copper mine. The comparison between lead isotopic values for Shuangyantang bronzes and those already published for copper mines and other bronzes produced and used about at the same times leads us to believe that the Shuangyantang bronzes probably used the same copper ores as used in bronzes from the Peng and Jin states in Shanxi Province. However, it would not be possible at this point to come up with a clear idea of where exactly these copper ores may come from. Candidate copper mines might be the Tonglvshan mines in Hubei Province, the Zhongtiaoshan mines in Shanxi Province, or the Dajing copper mines in Inner Mongolia.     

中国古代蛇纹石玉的白化机制研究述要

蛇纹石玉是中国传统玉文化的重要物质载体,与透闪石-阳起石玉相似,许多出土蛇纹石玉呈现部分白化和全器白化现象,其时代贯穿史前至近代,地域跨越中国全境,因而其成因颇受关注。本工作借助考古学、矿物学和材料学等相关研究成果,从人为火烧成因和自然受沁成因两方面对白化的性状特征和形成机制进行细致梳理和探讨,以期探明蛇纹石玉火烧变白过程的热力学机制,探讨自然受沁成因的内在白化机制。藉此有助于判断和揭示白化玉器背后的人类行为和自然行为,有益于白化蛇纹石玉器的科学保护。     

城市住宅小区可持续发展研究

分析了我国住宅小区目前存在的问题,探讨了住宅小区可持续发展的目标体系,并提出实施可持续发展的措施。     

美国古代绿松石示踪研究

宝玉石示踪技术是现代玉器考古研究领域的前沿性问题,绿松石作为一种极具文化和历史价值的宝玉石品种受到了全球考古领域的重视,尤其在美国,绿松石示踪研究持续了很长时间。通过研究关于探究绿松石产地的相关文献,总结提出绿松石示踪技术发展可分为3个阶段,分别为以考古证据为基础的推测阶段;以微量元素示踪为代表的化学、光谱分析技术阶段以及以绿松石包含元素同位素示踪为代表的第3阶段。同位素示踪绿松石产源是近几年示踪技术研究领域的热点,研究者已经在铅、锶、氢、氧、铜5个元素同位素方面开展了研究,并获得了一定的成果。绿松石示踪研究呈现技术多元化、综合化的趋势,将3个阶段的技术通盘应用为一大特色。总结美国绿松石示踪技术的发展现状会给我国今后绿松石示踪研究提供借鉴,进而为其他古今宝玉石原料或制品的产地判定带来新的、精准的技术参考。     

从三峡地区与东部平原的对比看考古学文化中的环境因素

三峡地区与东部平原的不同地理环境,导致了峡区和平原地区的考古学文化的差异。古代人类对不同地理环境适应的结果,是反映在考古学文化中的环境因素。     

“赫尔墨斯神像案”与修昔底德的史学思想

修昔底德的《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》记载公元前五世纪下半叶雅典城邦发生的重大事件——赫尔墨斯神像案。在案件真相难以确定的情况下,修氏将案件和由此案牵扯出的亚西比德渎神案置于雅典政治斗争的大背景下作考察,表述了自己的认识。他的认识反映出从特殊(案件具体内容)到一般(案件性质的判断),又从一般到特殊的思维过程。修氏对此两案的记载,表明史料能成为史家的证据,史实能被认识最终取决于史家独立的历史思维。这种史学思想的自主性是修氏史学理论的最深刻之处。     

试谈开发区志的独特性

编修经济技术开发区志是方志界面临的一个新生事物。由于开发区没有农业,自然条件也与一般行政区划有不同之处,开发区管委会也不是一级政府,这些特点决定开发区修志必须在观念上创新,在实践中因地制宜。文章结合秦皇岛经济技术开发区的具体情况,在篇目设计、升格处理以及因事系人、生不立传、农业问题处理等方面,做出了一些创新。     

Modeling Regional Economic Resilience to Disasters: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis of Water Service Disruptions*

Abstract. Recent natural and manmade disasters have had significant regional economic impacts. These effects have been muted, however, by the resilience of individual businesses and of regional markets, which refers to the inherent ability and adaptive responses that enable firms and regions to avoid potential losses. Computable general equilibrium (CGE) analysis is a promising approach to disaster impact analysis because it is able to model the behavioral response to input shortages and changing market conditions. However, without further refinement, CGE models, as well as nearly all other economic models, reflect only “business‐as‐usual” conditions, when they are based on historical data. This paper advances the CGE analysis of major supply disruptions of critical inputs by: specifying operational definitions of individual business and regional macroeconomic resilience, linking production function parameters to various types of producer adaptations in emergencies, developing algorithms for recalibrating production functions to empirical or simulation data, and decomposing partial and general equilibrium responses. We illustrate some of these contributions in a case study of the sectoral and regional economic impacts of a disruption to the Portland Metropolitan Water System in the aftermath of a major earthquake.     

高校旅游教育发展研究

随着我国全面建设小康社会的现代化进程的加快,以及国际旅游业的蓬勃发展,我国高校旅游教育发展的重要性进一步凸显出来。本文就培养目标的定位、课程设置的确定、科学研究的支撑和高端教育的学科依托等几个当前中国高校旅游教育发展面临的紧迫问题进行了分析,并提出了相应的对策。     

四川西昌市棲木沟遗址2006年度发掘简报

2006年11月,成都考古研究所、凉山州博物馆和西昌市文物管理所联合考古队对棲木沟遗址进行了第二次发掘.本次发掘出土竖穴土坑墓3座,瓮棺葬1座,建筑遗迹1座,灰坑3个及柱洞遗迹,同时出土大量陶器、石器及少量铜器.本次发现的长方形竖穴土坑墓为研究安宁河流域东周时期丧葬习俗提供了重要的考古材料,除大石墓外,土坑墓也是重要的埋葬方式.