INTRODUCTION: PROCESSES OF CHANGE IN URBAN SYSTEMS*

ABSTRACT The twenty‐first century will be one of intensified urbanization, on a scale never before experienced. How do urban systems and individual cities change and develop? The social sciences have many different approaches to analyzing the economic, social, and spatial dimensions of urban change. We inventory some of these approaches and their implications for public policy toward cities, urban change, and economic development.     

Development and the environment: Perception and opinion in St Andrews,Scotland

In 2003, three proposals were being mediated through the planning system in the peri‐urban environment of St Andrews, Fife: a large housing development, a rail link, and a Green Belt. Using questionnaires and semi‐structured interviews with key stakeholders, we investigate the ways in which diverse conceptions of ‘the environment’ shaped public reactions to these proposals, and evaluate the fit between these and the respondents’ stated environmental perceptions. 98% of local residents surveyed describe themselves as ‘concerned about the environment’. However, large majorities conceive of the environment as a local rather than a global phenomenon, and regard it primarily in terms of personal benefits (such as landscape aesthetics or traffic considerations). By exploring the environmental perceptions in the light of the planning proposals, the study supports the contention that the ‘local environment’ is a socially constructed phenomenon which can be fashioned and re‐fashioned according to local perceptions of threats and opportunities.     

The Hall of Oakham

In February 1980 the Winchester City Archaeology Office undertook the excavation of a burial discovered by workmen in the south aisle of Winchester Cathedral. A partly decomposed skeleton and the remains of woollen clothing and leather shoes were found contained in a stone coffin. Analysis of the skeletal material, textile and leather combined with the evidence of its location suggest the burial of a man of high status in medieval society. On the basis of the clothes and in the absence of any ecclesiastical parallels he seems likely to have been a layperson rather than a cleric. The style of shoes and coffin make a date of burial before the mid-thirteenth century likely.