国外旅游绩效评估方法研究进展与启示

目前很少有研究系统梳理旅游绩效评估方法。本文通过梳理国外代表性文献，着重比较4类评估方法，并提出未来研究的重点方向，以期为相关研究提供理论参考与技术支持。结果发现：①4类方法分别具有特定的理论视角、固有的假设约束、严格的技术规则和明确的适用范围，未来应基于“传统绩效—技术效率—生产率—竞争力”的研究框架，针对性地评估和调控旅游企业、行业与目的地绩效；②应严格遵循模型方法的技术规则，规避技术陷阱，并从提高数据质量、优化遴选指标和扩展模型方法等方面优化评估技术，提升理论贡献；③应重点关注全球化、技术变革、可持续发展背景下的旅游绩效应用研究，在内外部因素及其交互作用中“解构”绩效评估，提升实践价值。     

Inequality and attitudes toward immigration: the native-immigrant gap in Australia

ABSTRACT

How does local economic inequality affect the native-immigrant gap in immigration attitudes? Existing studies do not distinguish between native and immigrant citizens, which is problematic because immigrants represent an increasing share of the population and voting public. Immigrant citizens, as legal residents, receive the same legal and social protections as native citizens. However, as an out-group, they are less likely to be attached to the national and cultural identity of a host country. This paper uses the Australian Election Study to show that immigrant citizens prioritise cultural or psychological considerations in forming immigration attitudes. As local economic inequality rises, immigrant citizens’ support for immigration strengthens regardless of their country of origin, reason for migration and length of stay in Australia.