陇西云阳板文化散论

本文就陇西非物质文化遗产云阳板的表演形式、娱神功能、文化内涵以及风俗人情进行了介绍,展现了陇西作为陇上文化古城所具有的悠久历史和深厚的文化积淀。     

田山花袋《一个士兵》的疾病意义读解

《一个士兵》以日俄战争中的辽阳会战为背景,描写了一名患有脚气性心脏病的普通士兵由发病到死亡的过程。小说没有选择残酷的战争场面,而选择了疾病与人的对决。本文从疾病这一角度切入,关注小说中有关脚气病、身体的言说,探讨国民的身体在“富国强兵”的社会背景下如何成为国家管理的对象,以及属于国家的身体在遭遇疾病之时如何回复其私有性。     

NEUTRON TOMOGRAPHY AS A VALUABLE TOOL FOR THE NON‐DESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL BRONZE SCULPTURES

This paper explains, with the example of a Roman object (the ‘Mars from Oberweningen’, Switzerland), why neutrons can be used preferentially for the non‐destructive analysis of metallic objects of relatively large size. This method is superior to the conventional X‐ray tomography method due to the higher penetration ability in metals such as copper, tin and even lead. With this method, differing materials can also easily be differentiated. In this way, the inner and outer structures of objects can be observed with the help of tools based on mathematical algorithms. Slices at arbitrary positions and segmentation of different material clusters aid the understanding of manufacturing processes and can describe the present preservation status. This helps in selecting optimal and additional conservation measures in museums for further preservation. Beside the qualitative overview on structure and inner properties of the objects, quantitative information can be derived about material content and composition. This method and the subsequently needed facilities for this method are available at PSI for similar studies on demand.     

日本的首长制社会与国家的产生

本文概述日本国内有关古代国家形成的各种学说并阐述了作者自己的观点。他认为,把统治组织及其统治对象的人民作为国家的基本标志,是必要的。但是,还需要重视反映在首长制社会中的、在日本前近代社会底层流动的本质,采用分层社会的多线进化理论,更适合日本列岛的实际情况。有关国家形成理论的研究,一方面需要从微观与宏观的不同角度来观察日本列岛各地丰富多彩的历史发展过程;另一方面,无论是从当代课题的关系上,还是为了寻求历史模式,都需要在东亚或是亚洲的范围内考察日本的历史。     

《沈子也簋》与沈国地望问题

沈子也簋是研究先秦古沈国的重要史料,根据其铭文推测沈国始封应与周初分封凡、蒋、胙、茅、祭等六国同时,而不应在昭穆时代,沈国地望应在今河南省平舆县射桥乡西。沈国地处西周王室与江淮诸夷之间,其独特的地理位置在历史上曾起到藩屏西周王室的重要作用。     

Sustainability Science Partnerships in Concept and in Practice: a Guide to a New Curriculum from a European Perspective

This paper makes the case for advancing sustainability science partnerships (SSPs) both within universities and through innovative means of integrating universities with external public‐private and civil sectors. It links the basic principles of sustainable development with an emerging science of cooperative learning that connects researchers to a wide range of partners. SSPs are specifically designed to be transformational through becoming active agents for societal change. Universities play a special role here because they can act both as communication networks and as laboratories for developing the capability to design and manage SSPs in the creative transition to sustainability. It is gratifying to note that these ideas are beginning to emerge in a number of universities, with European examples being highlighted in this paper. Further steps towards introducing full‐blooded SSPs across the university spectrum are suggested.     

社会史:新的史学范式与新的通史观念--评赵世瑜著《狂欢与日常--明清以来的庙会与民间社会》

赵世瑜教授是当代中国社会史研究的积极倡导者和实践者之一,所著《狂欢与日常——明清以来的庙会与民间社会》一书,探讨了当代中国社会史研究力图形成的新的历史解释思路、新的通史意识及其发展态势与存在的问题。     

《古代的交互作用:欧亚大陆的东部与西部》述评

最近 ,英国剑桥大学麦克唐纳研究所出版《古代的交互作用 :欧亚大陆的东部与西部》文集 ,它集中展示了欧亚大陆的考古及东西文化交流的最新成果。 1998年以来 ,剑桥大学举办了 3次大型国际会议 ,内容涉及欧亚大陆史前学、人类学、语言和文化。本书为 2 0 0 0年“史前后期欧亚草原的开发”会议文集。由著名考古学家伦福儒教授作序 ,收入不同国家学者的文章 2 1篇 ,全面介绍了欧亚草原新石器晚期至铁器时代初的考古发现和的研究成果 ;另有部分文章涉及该区域内的植物考古学与人种学的Y染色体DNA分析     

Political Commitment,Policy Ambiguity,and Corporate Environmental Practices

A lack of clear political commitment together with confusing rules and enforcement often characterize the institutional context of policy implementation and regulatory compliance in developing countries. By connecting such contextual features to existing models of policy implementation and regulatory compliance, we examine how regulatory factors are related to basic and proactive corporate environmental management practices in the Pearl River Delta region in China. Drawing on data derived from both a survey and in‐depth interviews, we show that a perception of clear political commitment to environmental protection across multiple government levels and units is positively associated with business efforts in basic environmental practices, regardless of the specific enforcement intensity. Nevertheless, a perception of clear political commitment is not related to proactive environmental practices. Conversely, a perception of policy ambiguity, in the form of confusing regulatory standards and enforcement, is negatively associated with corporate efforts in both basic and proactive environmental practices; yet, intensive inspections mitigate these negative associations with policy ambiguity.