钟嵘《诗品》评陆机"不贵绮错"文献考辨

钟嵘<诗品>卷上评陆机云:"其源出于陈思.才高词赡,举体华美,气少于公斡,文劣于仲宣,尚规矩,不贵绮错,有伤直致之奇.然其咀嚼英华,厌饫膏泽,文章之渊泉也.张公叹其大才,信矣."对于其中的"尚规矩,不贵绮错,有伤直致之奇"一句,历来注家多有争议,尤其是"不贵绮错"一语,更是令学者们颇费思量.如周振甫<诗品译注>译为:"看重规矩,不看重绮丽交错,有损害直接安排的技巧."①赵仲邑<钟嵘诗品译注>译为:"他的诗崇尚规矩,不以绮文交错为贵,有伤直抒胸臆的奇致."②萧华荣<诗品注译>译为:"崇尚古诗的法度规范,而不重视错综变化,损伤了作品的直率自然之美."③然而,结合陆机五言诗写作的实际情况来看,说他"不贵绮错",似乎是不能令人信服的.所以,对于这样的一些解释,韩国学者车柱环提出了自己的看法.     

平政院与北洋时期的行政诉讼制度

民国成立后,在借鉴清末行政裁判院的基础上,北洋政府成立了中国第一个行政诉讼审判机关平政院。长期以来,世人对平政院的评价极低,甚至讥讽为"贫症院"。本文拟通过梳理平政院的职掌与工作,探讨该院在中国法制近代化进程中的作用与影响。     

四世班禅生平及与四世达赖、五世达赖之关系

四世班禅精通佛学和传统文化知识,他担任扎什伦布寺住持,使该寺成为班禅活佛系统执掌的主寺;同时,他对四世达赖倾囊相授,担任拉萨祈愿大法会首座,维修大昭寺和甘丹寺灵塔殿金顶,成为格鲁派的领袖人物。此外,他还是五世达赖的上师,协助五世达赖的政教事业,并首倡与关外的清政权建立联系,参与觉囊派改宗等事。四世班禅为格鲁派的发展做出了重大贡献,由此确立了班禅活佛系统在格鲁派中的崇高地位。     

Progonocimicids (Hemiptera,Coleorrhyncha) from the Middle Jurassic Haifanggou Formation,western Liaoning,northeast China support stratigraphic correlation with the Daohugou beds

Jiang, J.-Q., Cai, C.-Y. & Huang, D.-Y., October 2015. Progonocimicids from the Middle Jurassic Haifanggou Formation, western Liaoning, northeast China support stratigraphic correlation with the Daohugou beds. Alcheringa 40, XXX–XXX. ISSN 0311-5518.

The hemipteran suborder Coleorrhyncha includes only 37 extant species assigned to the family Peloridiidae. However, the suborder’s fossil record is diverse and abundant. The extinct family Progonocimicidae is very common in Middle Jurassic strata of northeastern China, especially in the Daohugou beds of Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia, and the Haifanggou Formation in Beipiao, Liaoning Province. We re-studied the established progonocimicid species and examined 27 new specimens, indicating that the species from Daohugou are junior synonyms of those from Haifanggou. The progonocimicids from the Haifanggou Formation are assigned to two species of Cicadocoris: C. brunneus (=Mesoscytina brunnea, =Mesocimex lini) and C. sinensis (=Cicadocoris anisomeridis). Both species are common in the Daohugou beds and the Haifanggou Formation. This discovery is of significance for biostratigraphic correlation of these two lithostratigraphic units. It also contributes to our understanding of the geological age of the famous Daohugou biota, which has yielded the earliest known feathered dinosaurs and diverse early mammals.

Jia-Qian Jiang [jiaqianjiang@126.com], State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy; Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; and Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, PR China. Chen-Yang Cai [caichenyang1988@163.com], Di-Ying Huang [dyhuang@nigpas.ac.cn], State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.     

FLEXIBLE FORM METHODS FOR MEASURING RENT GRADIENTS*

ABSTRACT We develop and demonstrate an empirical methodology for measuring rent gradients in the presence of consumers that have varying tastes for distance to the city center. We derive easily calculated measures of rent gradients, own price elasticities, and income elasticities. We demonstrate the ease of calculation of these functions, even in the presence of consumers who have nonidentical preferences. We also demonstrate how to test for bias in rent gradient estimation that arises from assuming identical preference functions.     

铁器文物保护中锈层化学稳定转化的研究

出土铁器文物在脱盐清洗后,运用化学稳定转化处理的方法将表面不稳定的铁锈转化成稳定、致密的锈层,然后进行钝化封闭,提高耐蚀性,最后进行防锈封护和表面消光处理。通过各种腐蚀性能测试,证明耐腐蚀性能有显著提高,综合处理的结果达到了文物铁器的保护要求。