藏医药身心医学的科学内涵研究（英文）

藏医药学认为,意识和躯体之间的关系发生在生命体的胚胎发育过程中,当精子、卵子和意识结合时,形成了二者的生命体复杂关系,这种关系有三个层面的含义:“宏观体”,指的是身体和感官层面的生命体,能够从肉眼观察的人体生命活动;“微观体”,由人体生命“脉道”组成,其中,包括脉轮(rtsa‘khor ■),微观能量(rlung ■),生命精体(thigle ■);“极微体”,指的是微观意识生命体。根据藏医药文献记载,生命体有三条脉道,被认为生命根脉(srog rtsa ■),盛行于身体右边的脉道统称为生命血脉(khrag rtsa ■),中间的脉道称为生命气脉(rlung rtsa ■),左边的脉道为是生命水脉(chu rtsa ■)。以上三条脉道是身心连接的桥梁,意识就像骑手骑马一样“驾驭”微观能量,微观能量在脉道中运动,反之亦然,能量调控着意识及其身体的生理过程。这种宏体层面的现象,通过呼吸频率、深度和模式的变化影响着个体的情绪及觉知。从藏医学的角度来分析,例如,抑郁症、焦虑症等身心疾病,是由胸腔中过度能量运行(通常与焦虑相关的浅呼吸模式有关)导致的。因此,调控人体微观能量的运行节奏是保持生命健...     

台北书店风景

好多人,对台北的第一印象便是：这里是有很多读书人的——你看,满街都是书店。 据说,整个台北一共有700多家书店,无论是繁华闹市还是寻常巷陌,遇到它们的概率都相当高。我想就算是不爱读书的人,在跟它们频繁地打过照面之后,也一定会要停下来say hello吧。     

Vessels of progressivism? Tasmanian state girls and eugenics, 1900-1940

In the early twentieth century the notion of state children as a "burden on the state", born of a liberal bourgeois philanthropic tradition, was gradually replaced in Tasmania by a modernising notion of intervention in the name of national efficiency. Eugenic principles can be shown to have influenced child welfare ideas and laws, notably the Tasmanian Mental Deficiency Act (1920). However, despite public debate and legislative changes, the bureaucrats in charge of state children maintained their liberal philanthropic practices. In many cases the Children of the State Department clashed with the Mental Deficiency Board. State direction of children was also frustrated by children's agency. Girls were the target of many eugenicist (and liberal evangelical) reforms, but they resisted attempts to control their sexuality and make them "useful". In Tasmania, the modernising impetus of progressive arguments was offset by bureaucratic stasis, and the agency of the subjects.     

Women, microcredit and family planning practices: a case study from rural Ghana

This paper examines the influence of informal banking club participation on family planning practices in rural Ghana. Research from Asia suggests that family planning practices are improved by club participation. This study examines this thesis in an African context, using rural Ghana as a case study. A sample of 204 women (19 years and older) was drawn from Abokobi village, Ghana. Multivariate analyses of direct, mediating and moderating effects of women’s demographic background characteristics, membership status and length, and women’s empowerment status as predictors of family planning practices are assessed. Findings suggest that club membership and membership length is not associated with family planning practices; however, age, education level, number of children and empowerment status are.     

The role of the Toronto Girls' Home, 1863-1910

It has been suggested that the role of Ontario children's homes, who had for half a century been helping disadvantaged children, changed significantly and immediately under the 'Children's Protection Act of 1893'. However, the records of the girls admitted to Toronto Girls' Home from 1863 to 1910 suggest that this was not the case, for this home at least. For most of their history, their core clientele was the children of poor respectable parents dealing with a crisis or who could not both work and care for their children. Thus, although prior to 1893 they did also care for a significant number of neglected children, and after 1893 fewer such children were admitted, the Home continued for more than 20 years to help families as they always had, providing a form of family support for which the child protection system was not designed.     

第二次世界大战以后拉丁美洲民族和民主运动的高漲

第二次世界大战最重要的后果之一,是帝国主义殖民体系的瓦解。这个过程除了在亞洲和非洲以外,同时也包括整个拉丁美洲。拉丁美洲的各族人民为民族独立和主权、为和平、为实現广泛的民主改革,反对美帝國主义以及与外国壟断組織有密切联系的国内反动势力进行着奋不顧身的斗爭。拉丁美洲最著名的共产主义者領导人之一B·科多维利雅这样說:“完全可以断言,拉丁美洲的殖民地和附屬国人民正在掀起一个为爭取民族和社会解放而斗爭的偉大运动,被帝國主义操縱的拉丁美洲某些国家的傀儡政府和美帝國主义者自己也都更感觉到在它們的脚下已經燃起了民族运动的燎原大火。”(註1) 人们通常所說的拉丁美洲,就是南美洲、中美     

Cities without cavities: democracy, risk, and public health

This essay examines the history of fluoride debates in four Canadian cities. It argues that fluoride's opponents were primarily motivated by what they saw as the health and environmental risks of adding fluoride to the water supply. They also believed that fluoridating the public water supply was a fundamental violation of civil liberties. The fluoride debates have much to teach us about how people evaluate potential health risks and how they respond to state interventions in the field of public health.     

Hermann Oppenheim's observations about music in aphasia

Hermann Oppenheim was influential in many areas of neurology, but his ideas about music are relatively unknown. In 1888, he published a paper that outlined how the assessment of music skills in patients with aphasia could lead to a better understanding of aphasia and language. Oppenheim conducted the first comprehensive music assessment as part of a neurologic examination and presented the first case series of music in aphasia. His paper was widely cited and had significant influence over the next 30 years. Although largely unrecognized as such, Oppenheim was an important historical figure in the study of music and neurology.