The identity of the poor in urban research

Edwin Eames and Judith Granich Goode. Urban Poverty in a Cross‐Cultural Context. New York: The Free Press, 1973. vii + 299 pp. Notes, references, and index. $8.95.     

Engaged acclimatization: Towards responsible community‐based participatory research in Nunavut

In this article, we consider the formation of responsible research relationships with Inuit communities from an “outsider” researcher perspective. Cautious not to prescribe what counts as responsible, we draw on research experiences in several Nunavut communities to introduce and explain “engaged acclimatization.” This neologism refers to embodied and relational methodological processes for fostering responsible research partnerships, and is inspired by the significance of preliminary fieldwork in orienting the lead author's doctoral thesis. As a complement to community‐based participatory methodologies, engaged acclimatization facilitates endogenous research by enacting ethics as a lived experience, initiating and nurturing relationships as a central component of research, and centring methods on circumstances within participating communities. After we locate engaged acclimatization within resonant literature and details of interrelated research projects, our article sketches out four aspects of engaged acclimatization: crafting relations, learning, immersion, and activism. In our discussion of each, we integrate specific insights derived from field notes, observations, photographs, critical reflections, and literature that have brought us to this understanding. The four aspects provide conceptual and methodological tools for readers to apply in the contexts of their own research programs or in guidelines for establishing partnerships with Inuit or Aboriginal communities. The value of this article lies in the extent to which it encourages readers to situate engaged acclimatization in their own research and further develop it as a process.     

From There to Here: Punctuated Equilibrium to the General Punctuation Thesis to a Theory of Government Information Processing

In this introduction to the Policy Study Journal's special issue on punctuated equilibrium, we provide an overview of the approach, how it evolved, some of the major critiques directed at it, and some of the major developments it has spawned. We argue that the most important aspect of a theory or framework is not whether it is right or wrong, but the extent to which it is fruitful; that is, the extent to which it stimulated further research. Finally, we review the articles in this issue and put them in context.     

Some geographical factors in the Northern Appalachian coalfield

EUROPE

The Glory of Scotland. By J. J. Bell. London : George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1932. Price 1s. 6d.

The A.A. Road Book of Ireland. London: Cassell and Company Ltd., 1932. Price 1s. 6d. net.

Ireland. The Blue Guides. Edited by Findlay Muirhead. London : Ernest Benn Ltd., 1932. Price 12s. 6d. net.

The Story of Dublin. By D. A. Chart. London : J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1932. Price 5s. 6d. net.

Loch Lomond : A Study in Angling Conditions. By Henry Lamond. Glasgow : Jackson, Wylie and Co., 1931. Price 12s. 6d.

The Lakes of Wales: A Guide for Anglers and Others. By Frank Ward. London: Herbert Jenkins Ltd., 1931. Price 10s. 6d.

At the Western Gate of Italy. By Edward and Margaret Berry. London : John Lane (The Bodley Head) Ltd., 1931. Price 8s. 6d.

The Challenge of Russia. By Sherwood Eddy. London : Herbert Jenkins Ltd., 1931. Price 10s. 6d.

Slovakia, Then and Now. A political survey by many Slovak authors, arranged by R. W. Seton‐Watsoh. London : George Allen and Unwin Ltd. Prague : Orbis Publishing Co., 1931. Price 12s. 6d.

Water and Grass. By E. H. Carrier. London : Christophers, 1932. Price 21s. net.

The Baltic Region ; A Study in Physical and Human Geography. By E. G. Woods. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1932. Price 18s. net.

Gone Abroad. By Charles Graves. London : Ivor Nicholson and Watson, 1932. Price 9s. 6d.

West Highland Scenes and Stories. By Margaret Brown, London : Cecil Palmer, 1932. Price 7s. 6d.

Please Take Me Next Time. By Percy Colson. London : Nash and Grayson, 1931. Price 12s. 6d.

Rambles in Shakespeare's Country. By J. H. Wade, M.A. London : Methuen and Co., 1932. Price 7s. 6d.

Up at a Villa—Down in the City. By Nesta de Robeck. London : J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1932. Price 7s. 6d.

ASIA

A Dictionary of English‐Palaung and Palaung‐English. By Mrs. Leslie Milne. Rangoon : Supdt. Govt. Printing and Stationery, 1931.

The Romance of the Indian Frontiers. By Lieut.‐Gen. Sir George MacMunn, K.C.B. London : Jonathan Cape, 1931. Price 16s. net.

With Mystics and Magicians in Tibet. By Alexandra David‐Neel. London : John Lane (The Bodley Head) Ltd., 1931. Price 15s. net.

AFRICA

A Game Warden among his Charges. By Captain Pitman. London : Nisbet and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 16s.

Cape to Cowley via Cairo in a Light Car. By M. L. Belcher. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1932. Price 8s. 6d.

Rambles in Cairo. By Mrs. R. L. Devonshire. Cairo : E. and R. Schindler, London : Luzac and Co., 1931. Price 8s. 6d.

The Birds of Tropical West Africa. By David Armitage Bannerman. Vol. II. London : The Crown Agents for the Colonies, 1931. Price 22s. 6d.

AMERICA

The New Newfoundland. By J. R. Smallwood. New York : The Macmillan Company Ltd., 1931. Price 12s. 6d.

The Great Plains. By Walter Prescott Webb. London and New York : Ginn and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 21s.

AUSTRALASIA

Hidden Wealth and Hiding People. By Michael Terry. London and New York. G. P. Putnam's Sons Ltd., n.d. Price 15s. net.

GENERAL

The Pioneer Fringe. By Prof. Isaiah Bowman. New York ; American Geographical Society, 1931. Price $4.

Jenseits der Grossmächte. Von Dr. Karl Haushofer. Leipzig u. Berlin : B. G. Teubner, 1932. Preis R.M. 13.50.

The English Adventurers. By Clennell Wilkinson. London : Longmans, Green and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 3s. 6d. net.

Manual of Meteorology. Vol. IV. By Sir Napier Shaw with the assistance of Elaine Austin. Cambridge : University Press, 1931. Price 30s.

The Company of Scotland : Trading to Africa and the Indies. By Groege Pratt Insh., D.Litt. F.E.I.S. Author of Scottish Colonial Schemes, 1620–1686, and Editor of Darien Shipping Papers, 1695–1707. (Scottish History Society.) London and New York : Charles Scribner's Sons, 1931. Price 12s. 6d.

To the Ends of the World and Back. By J. Walker M'Spadden. New York : Thomas Y. Crowell, 1931. Price $3.

Doubloons. By Charles B. Driscoll. London : Chapman and Hall Ltd., 1931. Price 18s. net.

EDUCATIONAL

A Primer of Economic Geography. By L. W. Lyde, M.A. London : Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons Ltd., 1931. Price 5s. net.

The Approach to Geography. By E. Bown, F.R.G.S.. London : Christophers, 1931. Price 3s. 6d.

Southern Europe : A Regional and Economic Geography of the Mediterranean Lands. By Marion I. Newbigin. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1932. Price 15s. net.     

Hub-and-Spoke Networks in Air Transportation: An Analytical Review

In this review we survey advances in analysis of the hub location problem and its variants. In the course of the review opportunities for enhanced analysis become apparent. We emphasize the most pressing areas for further work. We found that first, research needs to be devoted to developing more reliable heuristics for the multiple assignment model and its extensions and second, that additional research is needed to understand the conditions under which the model will tend to have integer solutions. Research in this area will contribute to the solution of a longstanding puzzle in economics about the allocation of indivisible resources.     

Extensions to the Hub Location Problem: Formulations and Numerical Examples

Although a tremendous amount of analytical research is being conducted on the hub location problem, few models exist that extend the number of characteristics found in actual hub-and-spoke networks. Four extensions are presented in this paper: (1) a capacitated network model; (2) a minimum threshold model; (3) a model that endogenously determines the number of open hubs for the network; and (4) a model that incorporates a flow-dependent cost function for the spokes as well as the interhub links. Both the capacitated and the minimum threshold models drop the assumption of a completely interconnected network commonly found in hub location models. Numerical results show that total network costs are often minimized by closing a few interhub links. The third extension is the first known hub location model to determine the optimal number of hubs based on the needs of the network. In this model, the number of open hubs depends on the distribution of flows in the network and how cost effectively the flows can be moved across the network. Previous models that endogenously determined the number of open hubs utilized a fixed cost for establishing each hub in order to limit the number of hubs in the network. The final extension recognizes the potential of all links to amalgamate flows and includes a separate flow-dependent cost function for the spokes in addition to the one for the interhub links. Numerical results are shown for all four models.