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991.
Steven A. Wernke 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2007,11(2):152-182
This paper examines the tension between the Spanish evangelical ideal of religious conversion (erasure and replacement of
“idolatrous” praxis) and the exigencies of its enactment (inter-cultural communication via analogy) among a series of sixteenth
century Franciscan doctrinal settlements (doctrinas) in the Colca valley of southern Peru. I suggest that the necessity and
outcomes of inter-cultural communication during initial evangelization made conversion impossible, despite increasing institutionalization
of coercive doctrinal measures through time. Combined archaeological and historical analysis explores how these tensions were
locally negotiated. Written texts describe early extirpation campaigns, while archaeological evidence documents the remains
of early doctrinas in the form of rustic chapels at local settlements which were previously centers of Inka power. Associations
between these chapels and Inka ritual spaces hint at an analogical approach to conversion that is not as evident in the documentary
record. Analogies linking Inka and Christian religious symbols were later “re-written” onto the surfaces and spaces of Spanish-style
reducción villages established in the 1570 s. 相似文献
992.
Audrey Horning 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2007,11(4):358-378
Drawing on examples from Achill Island, County Mayo and from the north Antrim uplands, notions of marginality, isolation,
and cultural stagnation associated with upland landscapes are explored in light of contradictory material and documentary
data, raising questions about the materiality of marginality and challenging static, nationalist presentations of rural Irish
life in the post-medieval period. Discussion of the Irish evidence is contextualized with reference to the twentieth-century
construction of marginality in southern Appalachia. 相似文献
993.
Pedro Paulo A. Funari 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2007,11(2):183-191
Historical archaeology is today widely practiced in Latin America. Scholars not living or working in the region often are
unaware of the research conducted in the countries south of the United States. This brief report outlines some of the historical
archaeology conducted in Latin America and provides a brief bibliography. 相似文献
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995.
This paper explores the themes and tensions of class and propriety at one of New Zealand’s early European settlements, a Church
Missionary Society mission in the Bay of Islands. Archaeological investigations at the site of the Te Puna mission house revealed
a cellar containing, among other articles, items connected with domesticity and feminine concerns, demonstrating the presence
of women and their daily activities. The interweaving of the archaeological and historical record sheds light upon the replication
of class and culture through themes such as the “cult of domesticity” at this remote location, a decade prior to British colonization. 相似文献
996.
Charles R. Cobb Steven D. Smith James B. Legg Brad R. Lieb Chester B. DePratter 《Journal of Field Archaeology》2017,42(5):423-436
Investigations into the location of two battles related to the Chickasaw and French Wars of the 1700s in Mississippi, USA, show the value of a multi-pronged strategy for identifying and delineating military sites. We used metal detecting, shovel test pits, surface collections, local informant interviews, historical maps, LiDAR-based topography, and air photographs to locate Ogoula Tchetoka and Ackia, two Chickasaw towns where French forces were defeated in 1736. Despite the ambiguity introduced by overlapping domestic occupations and other complicating factors, the weight of our complementary approaches demonstrates that Ogoula Tchetoka and surrounding battle features have been modestly impacted by modern developments, whereas Ackia has been largely obliterated by the construction of a residential neighborhood. Our ability to identify major landscape features related to the military history of these sites contributes to our understanding of the tactics and consequences of warfare between European powers and Native Americans in the Colonial era. 相似文献
997.
Tamar Hat rockshelter (Béjaïa, northeastern Algeria) has yielded a lithic assemblage showing general characteristics of an Iberomaurusian Early Late Stone Age nature. Specific “becs,” which we shall call “becs of Tamar Hat,” appear as an important component of the assemblage in the upper occupations, which occurred at the end of Late Glacial Maximum. These becs, from a technological point of view and especially by their shaping processes, constitute a reliable reference collection, though showing morphological variability resulting in part to the reduction process. The use-wear analysis conducted, based on a microscopic examination validated by experimentation, testifies the becs would have functioned for engraving hard bone, such as those of deer. Other scars observed on the sharp edge and lower face near the active portion of the tool are caused by hafting. Hence, the results of the technological and functional analyses of the becs from Tamar Hat reveal the presence of specialized activities in the upper occupations, related to the animal bone processing. These results are supported by the archaeozoological study, which confirms that the site functioned as a seasonal habitat, where Megacerin deer was exploited in the upper occupations for utilitarian, non-food purposes. The emergence of the use of the becs of Tamar Hat is synchronous with the end of the Upper Paleolithic, prior to the expansion of bec use in the Upper Magdalenian of Europe, where technical and stylistic convergences were observed. This raises the question of the emergence of these lithic implements in North Africa and the possible spread of similar industries elsewhere. 相似文献
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999.
Andrea Manzo 《African Archaeological Review》2017,34(1):121-143
Monumental architectural remains are among the most impressive relics of the ancient civilizations. Of course, this is also true for ancient northeast Africa. In this contribution, monumental architecture is considered not just as a static marker and manifestation of power, often embedding the state itself in the landscape, but as a location, a setting for performing public activities which are producing and replicating social relations. Some case studies of the Kerma and Meroitic cultures of ancient Nubia are discussed. Hypotheses on the ceremonies taking place are proposed. 相似文献
1000.