氯离子选择性电极测定铁器碱性脱盐溶液中 氯离子的含量

在铁质文物的保护过程中,脱盐是重要的保护程序之一。通常铁器的脱盐溶液为碱性。本工作主要研究氯离子选择性电极法在测定碱性脱盐溶液中的氯离子含量时,溶液pH值和复配溶液中的表面活性剂对测定结果的影响。实验结果表明:(1)用氯离子选择性电极法测定碱性脱盐溶液或复配碱性脱盐溶液中的氯离子浓度是可行的;(2)溶液的pH值对测量结果有一定的影响,当溶液pH值在2～7范围内时,其对电位值影响不大;(3)表面活性剂对测量结果影响较小,在实际应用中,应配制与待测溶液组分相同的氯离子标准溶液,后期数据处理并绘制标准曲线,以使测量结果尽可能接近实际值。精密度和回收率实验表明,该方法准确度满足定量分析的要求。由此可见,当脱盐溶液为碱性NaOH或复配碱性NaOH溶液时,用氯离子选择性电极实时监测脱盐溶液中的氯离子含量能较好地反映器物脱盐程度。     

民间剪纸能手(68)库淑兰

书房的墙上,挂着一幅色彩斑斓的剪贴画,画中那个戴凤冠、着云肩的红衣女子,瞪着一双大大的眼睛定定地望着我,让我时时想起她的作者,那个极富传奇色彩的剪花娘子——库淑兰。旬邑县位于陕西西部黄土高原的一条罅隙之中,这里盛产烟叶与苹果,还孕育了一位著名的剪纸艺术大师库淑兰。库淑兰,1920年出生在旬邑县赤道乡王村(后更名为富村),从小她就聪明伶俐、争强好胜,是孩子中的娃娃头儿。11岁时,家境富庶的她被父亲送到旬邑县的一所新式学校上学,这是库淑兰一生中最开心的一段时光。后来,因为定了娃娃亲,公公催婚15岁时她无奈辍学回家,随母亲学…     

LUGU TIBETAN NOODLES

正For most people living in Lhasa,no matter what may be forgotten about their childhood,they always have clear memories about what foods and snacks they came across.What makes them so remarkable?Here,we shall see one of the fascinating local foods and snacks that used to pervade the area.     

释“九族”

文章从考释“九族”在今古文经学中的差异入手，对中国古代氏族、家庭制度进行了详尽的考证，为了解中国古代社会提供了一把钥匙。     

Lead Isotope Analyses Revealed the Key Role of Chang'an in the Mirror Production and Distribution Network During the Han Dynasty

Chang'an (now Xi'an) was the capital of the Western Han Dynasty and the starting point of the Silk Road. In the light of the importance of Chang'an as the centre of politics, economy and cultural interaction, the overarching question proposed in this paper is focused on its role in the mirror production and distribution network during Han period. On the basis of chemical and lead isotopic analyses of 34 Han mirrors, this paper discusses the potential existence of a mirror production centre in Chang'an. Meanwhile, a comparative study with mirrors uncovered from the south‐western frontier and from Central Asian and North‐East Asian countries offers new insight into these related issues.     

In Situ Characterization of Rammed Earth Wall Renders

The Algarve region in southern Portugal has one of the most significant rammed earth construction legacies in the country. This construction method is characterized by its high susceptibility to water damage and external renderings are essential to the longevity of these constructions. This study collects and organizes data that provides the basis for the conservation and repair of renderings. Five earth buildings from western Algarve were selected to represent this heritage and its diversity of composition and susceptibility to water damage. Some of their commonest anomalies result from the interaction between the earth substrate and the traditional external renderings, given their distinct characteristics and behavior. The selected sample is described and the mechanical strength of the rammed earth walls and their renderings are evaluated through in situ tests. Samples of the external renderings and earth substrate of the five buildings comprising the sample were also collected and characterized in the laboratory. The characteristics of these two materials and their behavior as an assembly were analyzed. The results of the in situ and laboratory tests are compared and the viability of using a method based on in situ tests for the wider characterization of the type of construction under analysis evaluated.     

试论丝绸文物塑性形变机理与恢复技术

分析发现,丝绸文物的形变源自纤维在外力或环境因素作用下产生的形变,其形变可分为急弹性、缓弹性和塑性形变,其中塑性形变是因外力负荷大且作用时间长而形成的无法自行恢复的形变。通过提升纤维的吸湿水平,可以提升纤维形变回弹率,回弹率的增加意味着纤维塑性形变恢复的可能性增加。本文对利用纤维湿度调节技术,恢复丝绸文物形变的技术操作进行了探索。     

顶蛳山遗址出土蚌刀的动物考古学研究

《顶蛳山遗址出土蚌刀的动物考古学研究》是篇动物考古学的研究论文。文章从动物考古学的视角对广西邕宁顶蛳山遗址出土的600余件蚌刀进行了整理和分析。采用的研究方法包括:对贝壳标本有针对性的选择、贝壳的分区及其记录、蚌刀方位的确立、蚌刀的加工工艺、蚌刀形状的记录、测量数据、资料的录入等,这种全新的研究方法对今后开展类似研究具有很高的借鉴价值。研究的结果也值得关注,例如,通过分析发现,顶蛳山古代先民在制作蚌刀时,对材料即蚌类品种是有选择的,材料的不同甚至蚌壳的部位不同,所制作的器物也不同。通过分析还发现,顶蛳山原始居民将日常生活中所习见的鱼的形象在蚌刀上体现出来,很可能隐含着他们对于鱼类或渔业兴旺的希愿。     

战国兵器铭文研究二则

一、三晋兵器铭文中的冶尹 在反映三级监造制度的战国时期的三晋兵器铭文中,最后一级往往称作冶,如[1](释文均用宽式): 1.十五年守相(木土)(廉)波邦右库工师韩币冶巡调[2]剂·大攻尹公孙桴.<集成>11701 这件兵器是赵孝成王时期的制品.所谓三级监造制度,第一级是监造者,一般由国家的相邦、司寇或地方县令负责;第二级是主造者工师,他负责器物的具体生产过程,包括技术指导等事务.工师是跟官府手工业生产活动有关的官吏;第三级制造者是指直接制造器物的工匠,他们一般称为冶或工[3].