21 世纪以来西方犯罪地理研究述评

犯罪地理学主要研究犯罪现象的空间发生、发展和分布规律。从21 世纪以来SSCI、SCI 收录的地理学及相关学科期刊中整理500 多篇犯罪地理研究相关论文,分析西方近年来犯罪地理学发展态势,并选取100 余篇代表文献重点评述。总体来看,2000年以来,西方犯罪地理研究通过创新研究方法、加强学科融合等途径推进了犯罪过程和机制的研究,犯罪时空模式、城市社会环境与犯罪的关系、犯罪仿真模拟与地理画像、犯罪空间防控等领域发展迅速,犯罪地理研究不断扩展和深化,学科体系和发展脉络日益清晰。以此为鉴,未来国内的犯罪地理学应加强实证研究,以犯罪空间分析为重点,逐步形成包括新的研究方法、研究视角和空间观的研究体系。     

江西地区宋代墓葬的分期研究

江西地区在宋代属于江南西路大部及江南东路南部,本地区的地理位置大致处于武夷山以西、罗霄山以东、南岭以北、黄山一鄱阳湖以南,东、南、西三面环山,北面临水,这使本地区成为了一个相对封闭的文化区。建国以来,江西地区报道的宋代墓葬材料十分丰富,但综合性的分期研究目前还较为薄弱,本文的研究将以分期研究为基础对本地区宋代墓葬进行初步的研究。     

浅析高校网络思想政治教育中网站吸引机制

网络的发展拓宽了思想政治教育的空间,已经成为思想政治工作的一个新的重要阵地。通过网络吸引机制的建立、健全、创新,高校思想政治教育者可以形成全方位的网络思想政治教育态势。     

China's Emerging Neoliberal Urbanism: Perspectives from Urban Redevelopment

Abstract: China's urbanization is undergoing profound neoliberal shifts, within which urban redevelopment has emerged in the forefront of neoliberalization. This study aims to understand China's emerging neoliberal urbanism by examining the association between urban redevelopment and neoliberalism. Rather than a deliberate design, neoliberalization in China is a response to multiple difficulties/crises and the desire for rapid development. The neoliberalization process is full of controversies and inconsistencies, which involve conflicts between neoliberal practices and social resistance, and tensions between central and local states. Nevertheless, China's neoliberal urbanism has a responsive and resilient system to cope with the contradictions and imbalances inherent in neoliberalism. Meanwhile, neoliberal urbanism is more tangible at the sub‐national scale, since the local state can most effectively assist neoliberal experiments and manage crises. This study not only contributes to the understanding of China's neoliberal urbanism, but also has multiple implications for neoliberalism studies in general. First, in examining the interrelationship between the state and market, it is the actual effect of legitimizing and facilitating market operation rather than the presence (or absence) of the state that matters. Second, a new nexus of governance has formed in the neoliberalization process. Not only the nation state but also the local state is of great significance in assisting and managing neoliberal projects. Third, this study further validates the importance and necessity of scrutinizing neoliberal practices, in particular the controversies and inconsistencies within the neoliberalization process.     

Capital's search for order: Foreign direct investment in Singapore's overseas parks in Southeast and East Asia

If countries compete for capital in the shape of foreign direct investment (FDI), from the point of view of multinational enterprises (MNEs), there is a market for the social order on offer in different nation states. MNEs seek out particular models of social order for their FDI projects. In the middle is a diverse set of organisations who mediate between supply and demand in a world market for social order. East and Southeast Asia represent interesting and complicated cases in point. Different national models of social order are also overlain and punctured by the hybrid models apparent in cross-border zones of economic integration and joint venture industrial park enclaves. This paper examines the engagement between states, MNEs and intermediaries in this variegated FDI policy landscape.     

略论《明书》的史学价值

《明书》是清初史家傅维鳞(1608—1667)任翰林院编修时所纂纪传体明史,因《四库全书》仅列其入存目,并加以否定,学界对《明书》多有误解与轻视。本文由反驳《四库全书总目》对《明书》的批评入手,从《明书》对官修《明史》的影响、对明史研究的价值以及作为第一部明代全史的史学地位等方面,对《明书》做了相对全面、客观、公允的评价。     

Rice fields and modes of rice cultivation between 5000 and 2500 BC in east China

Recently, rice fields dated between 5000 and 2500 BC were found at the Tianluoshan sit in east China. The early rice fields dated between 5000 and 4500 BC are the oldest rice fields known. The discovery has provided data of recovering reclamation, cultivation, and the ecological system of rice fields in the Neolithic age. People opened up marshes of dense reeds with fire and wooden or bone spades, in order to create rice fields. In the rice fields, there was not only rice, but a lot of weeds as well. The excavations proved that little or even no weeding or irrigation was adopted. However, tilling soil by wooden and bone tools was evidenced. The average yields are estimated to have been about 830 kg for the early period and 950 kg per hectare for the later period. The cultivation system was low-level. Although the Tianluoshan people cultivated rice, they still obtained a great deal of food by gathering and hunting.     

山西垣曲商城出土部分铜器的科学研究

1993年,国家博物馆考古部与山西省考古研究所联合对山西垣曲商城进行的发掘获得了一大批珍贵的遗物,其中在商城内的古道路旁,发现了属于商代早期的炼铜遗迹,出土了铜器残片、炼铜炉壁、炉渣等丰富的遗迹、遗物,这批遗物的发现对于深入研究我国青铜时代特别是青铜时代最重要的时期--商王朝的青铜冶炼技术的发展状况具有极其重要的价值,北京大学和国家博物馆合作对出土的部分铜器、炼渣进行了科学分析.共取青铜样品7件,样品清单见表一.致谢:清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室的杨文言高级工程师在扫描电镜观察、电子能谱分析过程中给予了重要的帮助,在此深表谢忱!     

从随葬铜器墓看周代莒国贵族埋葬制度

莒国是先秦时期东夷少昊部落建立的国家,其贵族埋葬制度具有鲜明的地区特色,集中反映在随葬铜器墓中。莒国随葬铜器墓可以分为四期。据此,莒国贵族的埋葬制度相应的也可以分为四个阶段：萌芽期、形成期、鼎盛期、消亡期,其年代为：西周中期、西周晚期到春秋早期、春秋中期到战国早期、战国中期。莒国贵族的埋葬制度吸收东夷文化的因素,在其发展的过程中,也不断地受到了齐、楚等国的影响。     

可逆性加固剂在彩绘陶器覆土清理中的应用

出土彩绘陶器,常被泥土覆襄,并且其彩绘颜料中的胶结物因退化而粘结力弱化.因此,使用以往常规的方法清理彩绘表面的覆土时,容易造成彩绘颜料脱落.为避免此危险,采用先加固、再清理的工序.具体方法是:先用具有溶剂可逆性的加固剂对彩绘层连同覆土一起做渗透加固,以恢复彩绘层与陶体间的粘附力,再利用加固材料的可逆性,用溶剂溶解覆土中的加固材料,同时配合机械法清理覆土.通过成膜性、可逆性及渗透性试验进行加固剂的筛选,结合实践应用,结果表明:聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的乙醇-甲苯溶液作为加固剂,乙醇作为覆土清理过程中的溶剂,能有效清理覆土并避免彩绘颜料脱落.