“Fabelhafte Dinge”: Arzneimittelnarrative zu Coca und Cocain im 19. Jahrhundert

“Fabulous Things”. Drug Narratives about Coca and Cocaine in the 19th Century. This contribution focuses on the history of Coca leaves and Cocaine in the second half of 19^th century Europe. Even though, to date, no direct link has been established between the activities of the Milano physician Paolo Mantegazza, and the Göttingen chemist Friedrich Wöhler, it is not a mere coincidence that both published their findings in the same year, namely, 1859. Mantegazza authored the first treatise claiming that Coca had psychoactive qualities and touted its broad therapeutic faculties; he claimed that it should be introduced into European pharmacotherapy. In Wöhler's laboratory, cocaine was isolated from leaves by his pupil Alfred Niemann; later, Wilhelm Lossen refined and corrected Niemann's results. Narratives about medicinal drugs often streamline history into a story that starts with multiple meanings and impure matters and ends with well‐defined substances, directed at clear‐cut diseases and symptoms. In the case of Coca, however, the pure substance triggered no such process well into the 1880s, whereas the leaves continued to circulate as an exotic, pluripotent drug whose effects where miraculous and yet difficult to establish.     

Teaching with intent: The archaeology of gender

Este ensayo discute la relación de instruir sobre la expresión política, especialmente el papel de la crítica feminista en el desarrollo de la arqueología y el lugar de esta crítica en la clase.

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Résumé Ce papier aborde la relation de l'enseignement et de l'expression politique, en particulier le r?le de la critique féministe dans le développement de l'archéologie et de la place de cette critique dans les salles de classe.

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Every teacher must learn to stop teaching when it is time. That is a difficult art. Very few are able to let reality take over at the right time. Very few know when they are done teaching. However, it is difficult to watch how a pupil will make the same mistake that one has made oneself after one has tried to save him from making these very same mistakes. As hard as it can be not to receive any advice, it is as hard not to be allowed to give any such advice. (Brecht 1967:475)     

Als Geographin in einem Naturschutzverband—das Beispiel des Naturschutzbundes Deutschland (NABU)

Neu im STANDORT Die Vielfalt der beruflichen Wege, die nach dem Geographiestudium eingeschlagen werden kann, ist wohl das, was unser Fach am meisten auszeichnet. Obwohl diese Breite durchaus als positiv gilt, vermag sie Studenten, Berufsanfänger oder -wechsler doch zunächst verwirren. Oft herrscht Ratlosigkeit: In welchen Bereichen arbeiten Geographen überhaupt und was tun sie dort eigentlich? Um Einsteigern Orientierungshilfen zu geben, aber auch, um alte Hasen über die Entwicklung des Berufsfeldes auf dem laufenden zu halten, stellt der STANDORT von nun an in lockerer Folge konkrete Berufswege vor. Aus der Insiderperspektive einer Geographin oder eines Geographen wird ein Berufsbild dargestellt. Dabei kann die Form variieren—möglich sind beispielsweise Berichte, Analysen oder Interviews. Passend zum Gegenstand des vorliegenden Themenheftes der Auftakt: Eine Geographin schildert die Arbeit in einem bekannten Naturschutzverband. Red./ucb     

Policy dimension: A new concept to distinguish substance from process in the Narrative Policy Framework

This article introduces the distinction between substance (questions of policy design) and process (questions of power in the policy process) to the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF). While both occur in existing NPF research, so far, they are not separated analytically. We conceptualize them as categories of the “policy dimension,” a new aspect of narrative content. Applying this dimension to an exploratory case, we show that such an analysis leads to useful insights for NPF scholars. Substance policy narrative elements show a debate about a policy's implementation model, whereas process policy narrative elements reveal that this debate is permeated by power conflicts. Furthermore, we find that the two categories' occurrence in narratives is influenced by the debate venue, whereas political parties as narrators do not seem to be relevant. The policy dimension allows for new research avenues and provides practitioners with a new tool to understand and intervene in policy debates.     

Circulation of Coronavirus Images: Helping Social Distancing?

As soon as the SARS-Cov2 disease was recognized by experts to potentially cause a serious pandemic, a three dimensional diagrammatic image of the virus, colored in strong red, conquered public media globally. This study confronts this iconic virus image with a historic image analysis of 33,000 biomedical articles on coronaviruses published between 1968–2020 and interviews with some of their authors. Only a small fraction of scientific virus publications entail images of the complete virus. Red as an alarm color is not used at all by scientists who don't aim for a non-scientific public. Circulation in this case concerns the movement of iconic images from a scientific context into a general public. On the basis of hps-studies on scientific diagrams and especially on color use in scientific diagrams to convey specific messages in public, the paper discusses the role of the claim of public corona-virus diagram as “scientific.” It points at relevant differences between most frequent scientific corona-virus images and the diagrammatic image used in public. Both author- and readerships (in science and public) follow contrasting aims and values. Thus, the images meet non-expert readers for whom the images entail very different – and potentially unintended – meanings then to virus experts.     

GLOBAL HISTORY,ENTANGLED AREAS,CULTURAL CONTACTS–AND THE ANCIENT WORLD

正Intertwined Institutions:Slavery as an Example While Global History and Entangled History are nowadays very much focused on modern times,there is a central area in which ancient history has set the pace for research since the 18th century:slavery.Slavery was common in many parts of the world up to the 19th century,it connected regions that were far apart,and it had drastic repercussions on both the"delivering"and the"receiving"areas.The     

Introduction: rural women in Europe: the impact of place and culture on gender mainstreaming the European Rural Development Programme

Gender relations are socially constructed. Space and culture are key factors in this process. We consider how women's identity is constructed in rural areas of Europe. In particular, we examine the ability of gender mainstreaming to advance gender equality through the EU Rural Development Programme – the single most expensive European policy. We offer both overarching theoretical perspectives and specific case studies.