国民革命时期的店员工会

店员工会是国民革命时期店员的主要组织形式。作为政府批准成立的垄断性社团,店员工会的政治职能较为凸显,有与国家政权合作的明显倾向。但职业职能较为模糊,其团体行为与店员个体及行业诉求存在着一定的差异。店员工会应否存在及其隶属关系,国民党内部有着长久的争论,直至国民党中央训令店员工会解散、店员加入工商同业公会。     

Gender Education Gaps among Indigenous and Non‐Indigenous Groups in Bolivia

This article studies gender education gaps among indigenous and non‐indigenous groups in Bolivia. Using the National Census of Population and Housing 2012 and an estimation method analogous to difference‐in‐differences, the study finds that the intersection of gender and indigenous identity confers cumulative disadvantage for indigenous women in literacy, years of schooling and primary and secondary school completion. While gender education gaps have become narrower across generations, there remain significant differences within indigenous groups. The Aymara have the largest gender gap in all outcomes, despite having high overall attainment rates and mostly residing in urban centres with greater physical access to schools. The Quechua have relatively smaller gender gaps, but these are accompanied by lower attainment levels. The article discusses the possible sources of these differentials and highlights the importance of taking gender dynamics within each indigenous group into greater consideration.     

The Regulatory State and Turkish Banking Reforms in the Age of Post‐Washington Consensus

The new era of the Post‐Washington Consensus (PWC), promoted under the auspices of International Financial Institutions such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, centres on the need to develop sound financial regulation and strong regulatory institutions, especially in the realm of banking and finance in post‐financial crisis developing countries. This article uses an examination of the Turkish banking sector experience with the PWC in the aftermath of the 2001 financial crisis to show its considerable strengths and weaknesses. The authors argue that the emergent regulatory state in the bank‐based financial system has a narrow focus on strengthening prudential regulation, whilst ignoring the increased ‘financialization’ of the Turkish economy. They identify the positive features of the new era of the PWC in terms of prudential regulation, which has become much more robust in its ability to withstand external shocks. At the same time, however, the article highlights some of the limitations of the new era which resemble the limitations of the PWC. These include the distributional impact of the regulatory reforms within the banking sector, and notably the emergence of foreign banks as the major beneficiaries of this process; weaknesses in promoting productive bank intermediation that finance the real economy and economic growth, leading to poverty reduction via growth of employment whilst stimulating financialization within the economy; and finally, the exclusive focus on prudential regulation, whilst ignoring regulatory costs, consumer protection and competition regulation.     

The Significance of Networking and Company Size in the Level of Creativeness of Tourism Companies: Antalya Case

The importance of creativeness and networking in the attainment of global competitiveness has been emphasized in local development literature. The level of creativeness of a company is influenced by its level of networking at both global and local levels, as well as its “institutional thickness”. The aim of this paper is to explore the role of local, global and associational networking, as well as company size, in the contribution of tourism companies to the level of their creativeness. Following a different approach from previous research, this paper addresses the tourism dimension of networking and creativeness not only to tourism but also to local development literature by providing empirical evidence and employing a quantitative method of analysis based on a firm-level survey. The findings of the paper reveal that there is a relationship not only between the associational and global levels of networking and creativeness, but also between the size of a tourism company and its level of creativeness. Based on these findings, this paper emphasizes the need of a tourism company to develop networks at global levels in particular, but also at local and associational levels, to develop creative practices and to facilitate the sustainable development of tourism regions.     

第二轮志书风俗志编纂刍议

了解地情必从风俗开始。第一轮志书对风俗多有记载,第二轮修志有的不入志,有的尽管记有风俗的内容,但异议者不少。文章从正名、辨体、创新等方面阐述了对风俗志编纂的看法,以期提高风俗志的编纂质量。一是正名。针对风俗内容不同志书篇目名称不一致的现状,认为还是定名风俗或风俗志比较好,这既符合方志的传统,包容性也比较大,又可以与民俗学中的民俗志有所区别。二是辨体。此处辨体主要讨论两个问题:1.风俗志的体例内涵。篇目设计上应独立成志,不要放在某个门类下;记述方式既不能混淆古今风俗,又要理清风俗发展的变化脉络,要注意利用阶段性的、转折性的材料,把风俗事项的变化写好,以体现风俗在传承基础上的变异性与时代性。2.省市县风俗志的差异化。三是创新。针对目前风俗资料比较分散的实际,认为地方志办公室可以把风俗志编写作为一个课题,委托高校的专家学者撰写。并针对风俗文本资料少的现状,指出进行田野调查和口述历史是必不可少的。地方志办公室可以和相关部门合作,进行田野调查,以便更好地收集资料。同时还要重视风俗展现的景观化,不断提高风俗志的可读性。     

中西方大学校训的价值取向比较

校训是大学组织文化的集中体现,校训从物质层次、制度层次和精神层次三个方面体现了大学组织文化。由于中西方大学传统文化底蕴的差异,校训也反映了不同的价值取向。     

Factors Influencing Location Selection of Warehouses at the Intra-Urban Level: Istanbul Case

Depending on the worldwide developments in the industry and services sectors, the increased significance of the logistic sector is continuing. In parallel to this tendency, the need for warehousing as one of the basic activities of logistics has increased and the warehouses have returned to the important function areas for urban sites. In recent years, warehouses are demanded in the real estate market just like houses and offices. In the literature, although there are many supply chain studies focused on location selection of warehouses, there is a lack of studies discussing the behaviour of warehouse location at the intra-urban level. The article investigates the factors affecting the location selection of warehouses and their degree of importance in Istanbul as a case area by using a logistic regression model. It was found that location-specific factors are effective on the location selection of warehouses in the Istanbul metropolitan area, and warehouse location follows a certain economic rationality at the intra-urban level.