The Norman's Bay Shipwreck,East Sussex,UK: a possible 17th‐century Dutch ship from the Battle of Beachy Head

This report explores a hypothesis that the Norman's Bay shipwreck is the Wapen van Utrecht, a 64‐gun Dutch ship lost during the Battle of Beachy Head in 1690. The shipwreck, found off the Sussex coast, was designated by the Protection of Wrecks Act (1973) in 2006, when it was speculated that the wreck was the English 70‐gun ship Resolution, lost in the Great Storm of 1703. Dendrochronology dates the vessel after the middle of the 17th century AD, however, with timbers from Germany or the Low Countries. Initiatives by the Nautical Archaeology Society to bring the protected wreck to a wide public are also discussed.     

The Trouble with Propaganda: the Second World War,Franco's Spain,and the Origins of US Post-War Public Diplomacy

This paper explores the internecine conflict that characterised and undermined US propaganda toward neutral Spain in the Second World War. These tensions primarily confronted those who saw US propaganda as an ideological weapon of mass persuasion in a crusade against Fascism with those who defended that US informational and cultural operations should be subservient to traditional diplomacy, and so be limited to explaining US foreign policy and advancing bilateral friendship. In addition, the article argues that the unambiguous subordination of propaganda to diplomacy that characterised US public diplomacy during the cold war was one of the lessons learnt out of the civil war that US propagandists fought over Spain between 1941 and early 1945.     

Capitalism,Crisis and Critique: Reassessing Régis Debray's ‘Modest Contribution’ to Understanding May 1968 in Light of Luc Boltanski and Ève Chiapello's Le nouvel esprit du capitalisme

In 1978 Régis Debray argued that, rather than threatening to overthrow capitalism, the student and worker revolt of 1968 actually strengthened the mechanisms of capital accumulation in France. Today the historical significance of May 1968 continues to generate much debate and scholarly interest, yet Debray's controversial thesis is largely absent from contemporary accounts of May's impact on post-1968 socio-economic and political change. Adopting the theoretical framework of Luc Boltanski and Ève Chiapello's Le nouvel esprit du capitalisme, this article shows that Debray's work correctly highlights the ability of post-1968 capitalism to appropriate the critiques of May. In certain respects, Debray offered a prescient analysis of capitalism's ‘new spirit’ as later described by Boltanski and Chiapello. The article also explores some of the political and theoretical implications of a grave anti-capitalist threat being paradoxically turned into a source of capitalist strength. While highlighting the notable shortcomings in Debray's argument, particularly its deterministic approach, the article suggests that Debray's stimulating analysis of May 1968 instructively reveals the importance of understanding and explaining capitalism, crisis and critique together.     

Hunting in Currier and Ives's America

Currier and Ives were the most prolific producers of inexpensive lithographs in nineteenth‐century America, their prints designed to be mirrors of national tastes and attitudes. They never intended to create fine art, but rather to produce images that would be attractive to their largely middle‐class clientele. As people gathered in cities in increasingly large numbers and had their work hours regulated, they had the time, interest, and disposable income to engage in various sporting activities. Well‐off city dwellers took to hunting, both for enjoyment and as a symbolic, ritualistic expression of their place in society. Hunting came to reflect urban males’ preoccupation with pursuits that might liberate them from the growing regimentation of city life and gave visible form to the definition of masculinity in their newly adopted urban environment. Currier and Ives mirrored the development of that image in more than 100 lithographs on hunting.     

Madagascar

EUROPE

Light and Shade in France. By Moma Clarke. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+236. London : John Murray, 1939. A Cheap Edition. Price 5s.

Historic Thorn Trees in the British Isles. By Vaughan Cornish, D.Sc. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 94. London : Country Life Ltd. Price 8s. 6d.

History under Fire. By J. Pope‐Hennessy. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii+117. London : Batsford Ltd., 1941. Price 8s. 6d.

Front to Back. By Hector MacQuarrie. With an Introduction by Nora Waln. Demy 8vo. Pp. 286. London : Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1941. Price 8s. 6d. net.

The West Highlands and the Hebrides. By Alfred Harker. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xxiii+127. London: Cambridge University Press, 1941. Price 8s. 6d.

The Church and Parish of Liff. By A. B. Dalgetty. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.93. Dundee: Harley and Cox, 1941. Price 6s.

The Verge of Western Lakeland. By William T. Palmer. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.252. London: Robert Hale Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

Norway the Northern Playground. By W. C. Slingsby. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 227. London : Blackwells, 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

Polish Panorama. By Lewitt‐Him. Illustrated. Pp. 143. London: Kolin (Publishers) Ltd., and Faber and Faber Ltd., 1941. Price 8s. 6d.

Iceland, Past and Present. By Björn Thórdarson. Crown 4to. Pp. 47. London : Oxford University Press, 1941. Price 1s. net.

Captured. By Bessie Myers. Demy 8vo. Pp. 256. London : Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1941. Price 8s. 6d.

Tales of the Tatras. By Kazimierz Przerwa‐Tetjamer. Crown 8vo. Pp. 189. London: Faber and Faber Ltd., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

The Land of the Rainbow. By Violet Mason. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.322. London : Minerva Publishing Co. Ltd., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

Europe's Trade. Economic Intelligence Service. Pp. 116. Geneva: League of Nations, 1941.

Ferox and Char in the Lochs of Scotland : An Inquiry. By R. P. Hardie. Demy 8vo. Pp. xviii+226. Edinburgh : Oliver and Boyd Ltd., 1940. Price 7s. 6d.

The Fall of the Tear. By H. J. Massingham. Demy 8vo. Pp.220. London: Chapman and Hall Ltd., 1941. Price 6s.

Escape from France. By “Claire.” Demy 8vo. Pp. 117. London : Robert Hale Ltd., 1941. Price 2s. 6d.

The Ukraine: A History. By W. E. D. Allen. With Maps. Demy 8vo. Pp. xvi+404. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Ltd., 1941. Price 21s.

Yorkshire : East Riding with York. By Arthur Mee. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+266. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

Yorkshire: West Riding. By Arthur Mee. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. x+443. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1941. Price 10s. 6d.

Yorkshire: North Riding. By Arthur Mee. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+275. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

AFRICA

South Africa Fights. By J. M. Simpson. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xv+256. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

Congo Doctor. By W. E. Davis. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. vii+286. London: Robert Hale Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

From Hobo to Cannibal King. By C. J. Thornhill. Demy 8vo. Pp.319. London : Stanley Paul Ltd., 1941. Price 2s. 6d.

In Morocco with the Legion. By G. Ward Price. Demy 8vo. Pp.288. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1941. Price 2s. 6d.

Focus on Africa. By R. U. Light. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xii+228. New York : American Geographical Society, 1941.

African Intrigue. By A. Bateson. Demy 8vo. Pp. 288. London: Jarrolds Ltd., 1941. Price 2s. 6d.

Beyond the Smoke that Thunders. By L. P. Cullen. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.341. London: Oxford University Press, 1941. Price 15s.

AMERICA

Canada. By Lady Tweedsmuir. Medium 8vo. Illustrated. Pp. 48. London : Collins Ltd., 1941. Price 3s. 6d.

Voodoo Fire in Hayti. By R. A. Loederer. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 283. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1941. Price 2s. 6d.

Kabloona. By Gontran de Poncins. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 320. London : Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

They Get Their Man. By P. H. Godsell. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 287. London : Robert Hale Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

Bushmaster. By Nicol Smith. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 320. London : Gollancz Ltd., 1941. Price 16s.

ASIA

North of Singapore. By Carveth Wells. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 267. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1941. Price 19s.

The Tower of Five Glories. By C. P. Fitzgerald. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.280. London: Cresset Press, 1941. Price 16s.

Mongol Journeys By Owen Lattimore. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 284. London : Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

Green Prison. By Leigh Williams. Demy 8vo. Pp. 252. London : Herbert Jenkins Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

Dawn Watch in China. By Joy Homer. Demy 8vo. Pp.288. London : Collins Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

GENERAL

Air Navigation. By F. G. Brown, B.A., B.Sc. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.374. London: Chapman and Hall Ltd., 1941. Price 33s.

Outposts of War. By Gordon Young. Cr. 8vo. Pp. 252. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1941. Price 5s.

Adventure is My Business. By F. W. De Valda. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.251. London : Herbert Jenkins Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

Quest. By George Dibbern. Demy 8vo. Pp. 421. London : The Bodley Head Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

The Mountain Vision. By Frank Smythe. Illustrated. Pp. 308. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1941. Price 18s.

The Bases of a World Commonwealth. By C. B. Fawcett. Demy 8vo. Pp. xi+167. London : Watts and Co., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

EDUCATIONAL

Wales : A Study in Geography and History. By E. G. Bown. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xvi+182. Cardiff: Univ. of Wales Press Board. Price 3s. 6d.

France. By John Finnemore. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. vi+90. London : A. and C. Black Ltd., 1941. Price 1s. 6d.     

Locality,Mobility and Governmentality in Colonial/Postcolonial New Caledonia: The case of the Kouare tribe (xûâ Xârâgwii), Thio (Cöö)

The colonial history of New Caledonia has been one of dispossession, alienation, and racial segregation. Indigenous people did not experience a life of all‐embracing confinement and immobility. Instead, Kanak localities were historically shaped by the interplay of colonial projects, ideas, tensions, power relations, practices, representations, values, norms, and emotions. Based on the example of Thio, located on the south‐east coast of New Caledonia, this article explores these transformations, focusing on processes of localization and mobility in the colonial and postcolonial eras. The first section focuses on the encounter with and the interplay between different organisations in Thio: the missionary, mining, pastoral, and administrative frontiers. The second section explores the multilayered history of the landscape and settlement patterns in Xârâgwii/Kouare (a tribe located in the mountainous part of Thio), and the third section analyses the interplay of locality and mobility since World War II. The final section examines the ‘invention’ of the tribe as part of colonial governmental projects. The article concludes with a brief discussion of the meaning of this evolving dialectic in the current context of decolonization.     

Heat treatment in the South African Middle Stone Age: temperature induced transformations of silcrete and their technological implications

It was recently found that silcrete raw material was heat-treated during the South African Middle Stone Age (MSA) for altering its flaking properties. This finding led to hypotheses about the implications for the MSA hunter-gatherers such as the cost of thermal treatment in terms of investment and firewood. To date, these hypotheses lack a solid basis, for data on the thermal transformations of South African silcrete and, hence, the necessary heating procedure and heating environment, is missing. In order to produce such data, we conducted an experimental study within the framework of the Diepkloof project. This work is based on the petrographic, mineralogical and structural analysis of South African silcrete from the West Coast and its thermal transformations. Our results shed light on the nature of these transformations, the ideal heating temperatures and the tolerated heating speed. The processes occurring in silcrete are comparable to flint, i.e. the loss of chemically bound ‘water’ and the formation of new Si–O–Si bonds, but their intensity is less pronounced. Effective heating temperatures are significantly higher than for flint and the heating speed tolerated by South African silcrete is relatively fast. These findings imply that silcrete heat treatment cannot be directly compared with flint heat treatment. Unlike flint, heating silcrete does not require the setup of a dedicated heating environment and may have been performed in the same time as other fire related activities. This would represent only a minor supplementary investment in time and firewood. These results have broad implications for the discussion about technological evolution and the acquisition of specialised knowledge in the MSA.     

Ochre Provenance and Procurement Strategies During The Middle Stone Age at Diepkloof Rock Shelter,South Africa

Usually referred to in archaeological contexts simply as ‘ochre’, ferruginous rocks were commonly used during the Middle Stone Age (MSA) in South Africa. While ochre use by early modern humans has often been interpreted as reflecting complex behaviours, related procurement strategies and selection criteria remain poorly documented. Eight ochre sources from the surroundings of Diepkloof rock shelter in South Africa and 28 ochre pieces from the site's MSA levels were studied by XRD, ICP–OES and ICP–MS. Mineralogical and geochemical data demonstrate that ochre was both locally procured and transported to the site from more distant sources. Here, we investigate the reasons underlying the choice of particular local and non‐local ochre sources exploited at Diepkloof, emphasizing differences in their physico‐chemical properties. Regardless of the motivations behind ochre selection, our data shed new light on the behavioural complexity of MSA societies and suggest that ochre procurement strategies may be independent of subsistence concerns.     

Evidence for Complexities in the RHX Dating Method

The rehydroxylation (RHX) dating method applicable to virtually all baked clay fragments still requires testing and new developments. Here, we have obtained new weighing measurements from Syrian medieval ceramic fragments. In particular, they allow us to illustrate the scatter in RHX behaviour that may exist between different potsherds of the same age and found at the same archaeological site, thus having experienced the same effective lifetime temperature, and even between samples collected from the same artefact. Thanks to a so‐called time‐span analysis, we also report on some complexities in data sets previously obtained by Wilson et al. (2009, 2012, 2014).