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41.
Denisse Argote-Espino Andrés Tejero-Andrade Gerardo Cifuentes-Nava Lizbeth Iriarte Sabrina Farías René E. Chávez Fernando López 《Journal of archaeological science》2013,40(2):1213-1223
The implementation of a 3D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT-3D) survey was carried out in El Pahñú archaeological site, Hidalgo State, Central Mexico. A combination of a new ERT arrays allowed studying the subsoil beneath the Main Pyramid built near the edge of a plateau, along with another important structure (the Tecpan), which was a smaller structure that lodged the governmental council in pre-Hispanic times. The recorded information was acquired through the combination of several electrodic designs: L-Corner (LC), Equatorial (Eq), and Minimum Coupling (MC). For the Main Pyramid, the electrodes were set up around the perimeter of the structure, since they were not permitted to be inserted over the edifice, thus preventing damages to the architectonic elements. The second structure allowed inserting electrodes on selected spots within the architectonic space. The combination of the different arrays made possible the acquisition of 1204 apparent resistivities beneath the Main Pyramid and 2460 resistivity data beneath the Tecpan. The apparent resistivity data were inverted to obtain a three dimensional display of the subsoil electrical resistivity beneath the archaeological structure. The interpreted resistivity model under the Main Pyramid displayed a highly resistive structure towards its northern face that could be associated with infill. Such material was employed by the ancient constructors to level the terrain close to the edge of the cliff. Another interesting anomaly was found towards the central portion of the structure that could be associated to a foundation offer. The interpretation of data beneath the Tecpan identified the structural foundations and other interesting anomalies related to the different occupational times. The investigation supported the archaeological investigation of the site, suggesting areas of potential geological risk and of archaeological interest. For example, the Main Pyramid presents serious stability problems, indicating that the infill has weakened, producing cracks threatening long-term pyramid integrity. 相似文献
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J. Buxeda I Garrigs R. E. Jones V. Kilikoglou S. T. Levi Y. Maniatis J. Mitchell L. Vagnetti K. A. Wardle S. Andreou 《Archaeometry》2003,45(2):263-284
The study of technology transfer in pottery production to the periphery of the Mycenaean world has been addressed by considering two different areas, southern Italy and central Macedonia. Technological features such as ceramic paste, decoration and firing have been determined for different ceramic groups established according to provenance criteria. The studies of technology and provenance have been performed following an archaeometric approach, using neutron activation analysis, petrographic analysis, X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results have revealed the existence of two different models. On the one hand, southern Italy seems to exhibit a more organized pottery production, which follows a Mycenaean‐like technology, while in central Macedonia production is probably more varied, being based in part on the technology of the local tradition. 相似文献
46.
Paola Villa Maria Fernanda Sánchez Goñi Gloria Cuenca Bescós Rainer Grün Aurelie Ajas Juan Carlos García Pimienta Wendy Lees 《Journal of archaeological science》2010
Data of high resolution for reconstructions of archaeological site formation processes can be obtained only by the use of precise excavation methods and comprehensive recovery techniques using fine-mesh water screening, followed by meticulous sorting and quantitative studies of all the small organic components from the screens. These methods are generally used at human occupation sites, but are not often employed at paleontological or mixed human-carnivore sites. At the site of Bois Roche, an Upper Pleistocene hyena den, we have used these meticulous recovery techniques in combination with absolute dating, geoarchaeological observations, taphonomic analyses, studies of microvertebrates and pollen analysis. Correlation of the site environmental data from pollen and microvertebrate assemblages with the vegetation record of a deep-sea core taken in the Bay of Biscay have allowed us to constrain the ages provided by ESR dating of bovid teeth and to reconstruct the physical environment of the site with a degree of confidence rarely achieved by the use of fossil remains from archaeological sites alone. 相似文献
47.
Francisco Nocete Rafael Lizcano Ana Peramo Encarnación Gómez 《Journal of Anthropological Archaeology》2010
Over the last decade, a long-running archaeological project in the Guadalquivir Basin (Spain) has identified the emergence (c. 3000 BC) and collapse (between c. 2500 and c. 2300 BC) of a regional inter-settlement hierarchical system centred on the south-western Pyrite Belt and the Lower Guadalquivir Basin. 相似文献
48.
Alejandro Colás 《Development and change》2010,41(2):313-333
This article considers the ways in which Spanish state institutions responded to the Madrid bombings of 11 March 2004 in the context of the global ‘War on Terror’. It examines three inter‐related arenas of Spanish policy after 9/11 in which security and civil society are invoked in ways that impact upon the country's development agenda toward its southern Mediterranean partners. The first relates to Spain's external relations with its North African neighbours, and in particular the place of migration in shaping these relations over the last decade. The second concerns Spain's political relations with the representative organizations of its own Muslim populations. A third area of analysis pertains to the juridical‐institutional reactions of the state to the 11 March attacks: how have public authorities and civil society been affected and refashioned in the face of jihadist terrorism on the peninsula? The author argues that in each of these domains, the post‐9/11 context generally, and the 11 March attacks in particular, have elicited a securitization of civil society, which has in turn been associated with the country's international relations and domestic politics. Such securitization, however, has only been partially successful, thus vindicating the continuation of ‘politics as usual’ among Spain's state officials and its civil society. 相似文献
49.
Nuno Luís Madureira 《European Review of History》2010,17(4):647-663
The Portuguese revolution of October 1910 instituted a civilian revolutionary and ‘progressive’ Republic within the background of a conservative and monarchist Europe, whose core was located in the countries of the Triple Alliance. Since its very beginning, the regime fell short of any foundational consensus and was caught by a wave of conspiracies, upheavals, social protests and civil war menaces. This article sheds light on the shortcuts adopted to overcome the political instability examining political procedures like legislative coups, wishful thinking and ad hoc planning. The final part broadens the debate through the assessment of the time frames and the types of effects that policy failure is able to bring about. 相似文献
50.
Erwan Messager Aïcha Badou François Fröhlich Brigitte Deniaux David Lordkipanidze Pierre Voinchet 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2010,2(1):25-34
Mineralised fruits and seeds are frequently found in archaeological sediments but their chemical nature has not been often
examined. The nature and the origin of these archaeobotanical remains have to be investigated to understand their taphonomic
history. Fruits or seeds can be mineralised not only by replacement mineralisation but also by biomineralisation during the
plant life. The mineral components of three fossil fruits sampled on the Pleistocene site of Dmanisi were analysed and compared
with their modern analogues. Analyses were carried out by means of an environmental scanning electron microscope, equipped
with an energy dispersive X-ray device and by means of a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Biogenic carbonates and/or
biogenic silica were identified in the fossil and modern fruits of some taxa. Comparison between fossil and modern specimens
has shown that molecular reorganisation occurred in carbonate and in biogenic silica during fossilisation, through diagenetic
processes. The resulting stable mineral structures confer an exceptional preservation to fruits in sediments. Taking into
account these taphonomic specificities (transformation and differential preservation), the chronological and palaeoenvironmental
aspects of the mineralised fruits are discussed. 相似文献