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‘Every household will be a micro-enterprise’: a youth micro-loan scheme’s role in restructuring Nepal 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Amanda Snellinger 《Children's Geographies》2018,16(1):66-79
ABSTRACTLack of secure employment mobilized many young people into Nepal’s civil war and a decade of political opposition (1996–2006). As a result, both the post-war government and foreign donors invested in policies aimed to harness the productive capacities of young people in restructuring the nation. This article explores the theme of aspiration on the national and personal level and their convergence through a micro-finance program in post-war Nepal, the Youth, Small Enterprise, and Self-Employment Fund (YSEF). The national-level aspiration to make ‘new Nepal’ hinged on young people fulfilling their personal aspirations. I consider whether post-conflict pacification measures like YSEF can foster the sense of national belonging necessary by analyzing the challenges faced in instituting this loan scheme nationally and locally along Nepal’s open border with India. Analyzing YSEF’s institution from a borderland optic reveals assumptions inherent in peacebuilding intervention and limits YSEF’s ability to wholly accommodate its recipients. I suggest that the government’s attempt to bring marginalized youth into the ‘official’ economic fold through YSEF falls short in accommodating young people’s livelihood aspirations within their lived reality. Instead young people are creating pathways beyond state dependence. 相似文献
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Amanda Bergen 《European Review of History》2007,14(2):147-164
This article utilises a case study of the Wilberforce Memorial School for the Blind in York to argue for a more nuanced approach to the history of residential schooling. The early date of the school highlights both the novelty and ambition of its programme. The school's management and the opportunities it offered its pauper and working-class intake contradict the view of the institution as a site of social oppression. Nonetheless considerations of class, gender and funding are seen as dictating and circumscribing the curriculum. The role of the school in educating the wider public concerning the blind and their capabilities is also discussed. 相似文献
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Amanda M. Evans 《Journal of Maritime Archaeology》2007,2(2):83-92
Jamaica sloops were vernacular watercraft designed, built, and utilized by Caribbean colonists beginning in the late-17th
century. Despite their popularity, no design or construction records or even a specific definition of their form survive,
and many sources simply describe them as an early version of the Bermuda sloop. Vernacular Jamaica sloops were a unique adaptation
by English colonists to combat the effects of piracy, and their design was specific to the economic, geographic, and political
circumstances of colonial Jamaica. This article proposes a set of characteristics that can be used to define vernacular Jamaica
sloops, firstly to distinguish them from the eighteenth-century naval Jamaica-class sloops but also to better understand them
as a social response to external stimuli within the complex relationship between maritime economy, piracy and colonial control
executed through the navy. 相似文献
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Dinah Norman Jemima Miller Mavis Timothy Graham Friday Leonard Norman Gloria Friday Adrianne Friday Warren Timothy Joanne Miller Lettie Norman Noeleen Raggett Colleen Charlie Carole Charlie Miriam Charlie Rhoda Hammer Marlene Timothy Peggy Mawson John Bradley Amanda Kearney 《Oceania; a journal devoted to the study of the native peoples of Australia, New Guinea, and the Islands of the Pacific》2020,90(Z1):34-40
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Amanda Coles 《International Journal of Cultural Policy》2016,22(3):456-472
This article examines how cultural workers participate in the construction and contestation of the creative economy at the policy level. An analysis of the role unions play in the film and television industry association FilmOntario demonstrates the paradox that the creative economy, as an economic development strategy, presents to the cultural workforce. FilmOntario has succeeded in attracting a high volume of work to the province through film and television tax credit advocacy. Although FilmOntario’s success in policy advocacy is deeply tied to union resources, the unions’ decision to work within creative economy discourses, and in association with employers, has prevented core issues related to the quality of work from being articulated as a function of policy design. The argument is that the discursive and associational choices unions, as the collective voice of the (creative) working class, make as policy actors have a significant impact on the degree to which cultural labour problems are understood as cultural policy problems. 相似文献
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Amanda Rees 《Journal of Cultural Geography》2013,30(2):185-214
In the 1880s British and American planned industrial communities revealed a distinct shift in spatial practices as two discrete architecture and landscape architectural aesthetics were applied to community design: Beaux Arts, and Arts and Crafts. Two of the most extensive planned industrial communities during this decade received aesthetic attention: Pullman, Illinois near Chicago (1880), established by George Pullman, and Port Sunlight, near Liverpool (1888), established by William Lever. Both Pullman and Lever believed that by applying a distinctive aesthetic they could establish a cohesive visual ideology for social control. Lever and Pullman believed that by creating “beautiful” spaces, this would encourage and/or constrain worker attitudes and behaviors, what Henri Lefebvre calls “means of control” (1991, p 26). In addition, both Pullman and Port Sunlight became central to establishing and maintaining each company's brand identity. This paper explores the visual ideologies these two industrialists used to produce a distinctive sense of community while also revealing the inherent tensions and limitations of those aesthetics. Not only do Pullman and Port Sunlight reflect an important shift in spatial practices during the 1880s, their architects and landscape architects became influential leaders in the visual ideologies of the City Beautiful and Garden City planning movements. 相似文献
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Charlotte Beck Amanda K. Taylor George T. Jones Cynthia M. Fadem Caitlyn R. Cook Sara A. Millward 《Journal of Anthropological Archaeology》2002,21(4)
Central place foraging models are used to investigate assemblage variability at two Paleoarchaic (terminal Pleistocene/early Holocene) dacite quarries in the central and eastern Great Basin. Our analyses focus specifically on biface reduction and how varying degrees of reduction relate to the costs of transporting the resulting products upon departing the quarry. Our results suggest that when the distance to be traveled to a residential base is great, reduction will proceed further at the quarry than if the residential base is fairly close. Further, a residential site assemblage will consist of bifaces at later stages of reduction than its associated quarry. 相似文献