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Nuno Mendes Alexandre A. Costa Paulo B. Lourenço Rita Bento Katrin Beyer Gianmarco de Felice 《International Journal of Architectural Heritage》2017,11(1):59-71
ABSTRACTEarthquakes cause severe damage to masonry structures due to inertial forces acting in the normal direction to the plane of the walls. The out-of-plane behavior of masonry walls is complex and depends on several parameters, such as material and geometric properties of walls, connections between structural elements, the characteristics of the input motions, among others. Different analytical methods and advanced numerical modeling are usually used for evaluating the out-of-plane behavior of masonry structures. Furthermore, different types of structural analysis can be adopted for this complex behavior, such as limit analysis, pushover, or nonlinear dynamic analysis.Aiming to evaluate the capabilities of different approaches to similar problems, blind predictions were made using different approaches. For this purpose, two idealized structures were tested on a shaking table and several experts on masonry structures were invited to present blind predictions on the response of the structures, aiming at evaluating the available tools for the out-of-plane assessment of masonry structures. This article presents the results of the blind test predictions and the comparison with the experimental results, namely in terms of formed collapsed mechanisms and control outputs (PGA or maximum displacements), taking into account the selected tools to perform the analysis. 相似文献
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Alexandre Moreli 《国际历史评论》2018,40(3):654-682
Emotions and perceived cultural differences have only recently been subject to sustained attention from international historians. By tracing the role of personal politics in Anglo-American relations with Portugal in the mid-1940s, this paper intends to introduce hitherto neglected culturalist approaches into the historiography. The purpose is to illustrate the importance of cultural factors to scholarly explanation of Anglo-American relations and rivalries, of the decline of British influence over Lisbon and of the continuation of the authoritarian Portuguese regime after the Second World War, albeit integrated into an American sphere of influence. 相似文献
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The Early Bronze Age site of RJ‐2, located close to the coastal village of Ra's al‐Jinz on the eastern Omani coast (Niyabat Ra's al‐Hadd), was the focus of archaeological investigations for over two decades. The latest campaigns of excavation unearthed an architectural complex (Building XII) dated to the very end of the Umm an‐Nar period (Final UaN, c.2100–2000 BCE), previously attested on site by poorly preserved remains. This paper presents the remains explored during the most recent fieldwork, focusing on the stratigraphic‐structural sequence and the spatial layout. It also considers the transformations affecting structural evidence and material culture during this period, at both local and regional level, highlighting their significance for a comprehensive assessment of the last occupations related to the Early Bronze Age in south‐eastern Arabia. The paper concludes by showing how the Final Umm an‐Nar phase represents an age of substantial socio‐cultural innovations, which most likely shaped the transition towards the following Wadi Suq period. 相似文献
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胡汉民的立法思想与立法实践 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1 92 8年南京国民政府建立后 ,胡汉民以孙中山先生“遗教”代言人身份 ,坚持旧三民主义 ,充分阐述了自己的建国、立法主张。他提出“以党治国”的训政纲领 ,奠定了南京国民政府的宪政基础 ;借鉴西方以个人利益为本位的经济立法原则 ,结合中国传统的“仁恕公平”的思想 ,提出“王道主义”的社会经济立法原则 ;还提出了男女平等、妇女解放等民法、继承法的立法主张。在 1 92 8——— 1 931年担任立法院院长期间 ,完成了立法院的组成框架 ;任用高水平的立法委员 ;主持制定了大量的新法典、厘定了旧的法律、法规。他为南京国民政府六法体系的形成及中国近代法律体系的完备作出了建设性的贡献。 相似文献
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环境政策是西部民族地区环境保护的基石。西部民族地区现行的环境政策对保护西部民族地区环境,促进社会经济的发展起到了一定的作用。但不论从政策覆盖面、政策的深度,还是政策的配合和执行政策后所产生的效应来看,均存在许多不足。为了能最充分地发挥环境政策效应,本文设计了环境政策的基本框架,并提出了分类环境政策设计的思路。 相似文献
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