Scapular development from the neonatal period to skeletal maturity: A preliminary study

An understanding of the basic growth rates and patterns of development for each element of the human skeleton is important for a thorough understanding and interpretation of data in all areas of skeletal research. Yet surprisingly little is known about the detailed ontogenetic development of many bones, including the scapula. With the intention of describing the changes that accompany postnatal ontogeny in the scapula and algorithms to predict sub‐adult age at death, this communication examines the development of the scapula through nine measurements (3 from the glenoidal area, 4 from the body and 2 related to the spinous process) by polynomial regression. Data were collected from 31 of the individuals that comprise the Scheuer Collection, which is housed at the University of Dundee (Scotland). Four of the derived mathematical curves (scapular length, infra‐ and suprascapular height and spine length) displayed linear growth, whilst three (maximum length of the glenoid mass, acromial width and scapular width) were best expressed by a second‐degree polynomial and two (maximum and middle diameter of the glenoidal surface) by a third‐degree polynomial. All single measurements proved useful in the prediction of age at death, although derived indices proved to be of limited value. In particular, scapular width, suprascapular height and acromial width showed reliable levels of age prediction until late adolescent years. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Short notices on books received

Catalogue of Watermarks in Italian Printed Maps ca. 1540–1600. By David Woodward. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1996. ISBN 0 226 90727 9. Pp. 206, illus. US$65.00 (cloth).

Editing of Early Historical Atlases: Papers Given at the Twenty‐Ninth Annual Conference on Editorial Problems. University of Toronto, 5–6 November 1993. Edited by Joan Winearls. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995. ISBN 0 8020 0623 X Pp. xvii, 199. US$39.95 (cloth). [University of Toronto Press, 10 Mary Street, Suite 7000, Toronto, Ontario M4Y 2W8.]

The Mapping of the Heavens. By Peter Whitfield. London: The British Library, 1995. ISBN 0 7123 04029. Pp. x, 134, illus. STG£20.00 (cloth).

Mappa Mundi: The Hereford World Map. By Paul D. A. Harvey. London: Hereford Cathedral and the British Library, 1996. ISBN 0 7123 0440 1 (cloth), 0 7123 0441 X (paper). Pp. 58, illus., 36 colour plates. STG£25.00 (cloth).

Rural Images: Estate Maps in the Old and New Worlds. Edited by David Buisseret. The Kenneth Nebenzahl, Jr., Lectures in the History of Cartography. Chicago and London: Chicago University Press for the Hermon Dunlap Smith Center for the History of Cartography, 1996. ISBN 0 226 07990 2. Pp. xii, 184, illus, 8 colour plates. US$55.00 (cloth).

Teaching Concepts in the History of Cartography. Proceedings of the Seminar on Teaching the History of Cartography III, Held at the Nationalbibliothek, Vienna, Austria, September 10, 1995. Edited by Ferjan Ormeling and Barend Köbben. Utrecht: ICA, 1996. Pp. 41. US$10.00 (paper). [Ferjan Ormeling, Geography Department, Utrecht University, PO Box 80115, 3582 CS Utrecht, Netherlands.]

Pedro Reinel me Fez: A volta de um mapa dos Descobrimentos. By Joaquim Ferreira do Amaral. Lisbon: Quetzal Editores, 1995. ISBN 972 564 238 4. Pp. 184, illus, colour plates.

Le Terrain des Ingénieurs; La cartographie routière en Wallonie au XVIlIe siècle. By Marcel Watelet, with Berthold Neefs, Anne Cherton, Sandra Lago, Olga Manin, Guy Franchi‐mont and Guy Thewes. Monumenta Cartographica Walloniae, II. Racine: Mer, 1995. ISBN 2 87386 047 2. Pp. 231, illus., coloured plates (cloth). [Ministère Wallon de l'Equipement et des Transports, Topographie et Cartographie, W.T.C. Tour 3, Bd Simon Bolivar 30, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium.]

The Printed Maps of Devon: County Maps 1575–1837. By Kit Batten and Francis Bennett. Tiverton: Devon Books, 1996. ISBN 0 86114 900 9. Pp. xxviii, 248, illus., coloured plates. STG£45.00 (cloth). [Halsgrove, Halsgrove House, Lower Moor Way, Tiverton Business Park, Tiverton, Devon EX16 6SS, England.]

Civil War Newspaper Maps: A Historical Atlas. By David Bosse. Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993. ISBN 0 8018 4553 X. Pp. x, 162, illus. US$42.00 (cloth). [The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2713 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218–4319, USA.]

A particular discourse concerninge the greate necessitie and manifolde commodyties that are likely to grow to this realme of Englande by the westerne discoueries lately attempted, written in the yere 1584., by Richarde Hackluyt of Oxforde, known as discourse of western planting. Edited by David B. Quinn and Alison M. Quinn. Hakluyt Society extra ser. no 45. London: Hakluyt Society, 1993. ISBN 0 904180 35 2. Pp. xxxi, 229, illus. STG£95.00 (cloth). [The Hakluyt Society, c/o Map Library, The British Library, Great Russell St, London WC1B 3DG, England.]

A Study in Depth of 143 Maps Representing the Great Siege of Malta of 1565. By Albert Ganado and Maurice Agius‐Vadalà. Malta: Publishers Enterprises Group, 1994. ISBN 99909 0 050 7. Volume I, pp. xxiii, 502, and Volume n, pp. ix, 369, 156 illus, coloured plates (cloth). [Publishers Enterprises Group, PEG Building, UB7 Industrial Estate, San Gwann SGN 09, Malta.]

Chizu No Bunkashi, a Cultural History of Maps and Charts in the World and Japan. By Kazutaka Unno. Tokyo: Yasaka Shobo, 1996 (in Japanese). ISBN 4 89694 673 1. Pp. xxiv, 175, illus., 8 colour plates. YEN 3,708 (cloth). [Yasaka Shobo, 1–5‐3 Sarugaku‐cho, Chiyoda‐ku, Tokyo 101.]

The Accuracy of Ethnoscience: A Study of Inuit Cartography and Cross‐cultural Commensurability. By Michael T. Bravo. Manchester Papers in Social Anthropology No. 2. Manchester: Department of Anthropology, University of Manchester, 1996 (paper). ISSN 1362 3559. Pp. 36, illus. [Department of Social Anthropology, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL.]

Atlantes Austriaci: Kommentierter Katalog der Österreichischen Atlanten von 1561 bis 1994. Edited by Ingrid Kretschmer and Johannes Dörflinger. 2 vols.: Vol. 1: 1561–1918. By Johannes Dörflinger and Helga Hühnel in co‐operation with Ludvík Mucha (in 2 parts); Vol. 2: 1919–1994. By Ingrid Kretschmer. Wien [etc.]: Böhlau Verlag, 1995. ISBN 3 205 98369 6 (3 parts.). Pp. lviii, 852, illus. (Vol. 1 in 2 parts.); pp. xlv, 405, 32 colour plates (Vol. 2). ÖS 2,534, DM362 (doth). [Böhlau Verlag, Sachsenplatz 4–6, A‐1201 Wien.]

Japanese Maps of the Edo Era. By Kazumasa Yamashita. Tokyo: Around the World Library, NTT Shuppan Kabushiki Kaisha, 1996. ISBN 4 87188 614 X. Pp. 220, 95 illus. YEN 1700 (paper).

La cartographie au Québec 1760–1840. By Claude Boudreau. Sainte‐Foy: Les Presses de l'Université Laval, 1994. ISBN 2 7637 7350 8. Pp. xi, 270, illus. (paper). [Les Presses de l'Université Laval, Cité Universitaire, Sainte‐Foy, Québec, Canada G1K 7PA.]

The Mapping of North America: A List of Printed Maps 1511–1670. By Philip D. Burden. Rickmansworth, Herts; Stamford, Connecticut: Raleigh Publications, 1996. ISBN 0 9527733 0 9. Pp. xxxiv, 568, 418 illus., 11 colour plates. US$195 (cloth). [Raleigh Publications, PO Box 16910, Stamford, CT 06905.]

Changing Tides: Twilight and Dawn in the Spanish Sea 1763–1803. By Robert S. Weddle. College Station: Texas A &; M University Press, 1995. ISBN 0 89096 661 3. Pp. xv, 352, illus. US$49.50 (cloth).

The French Thorn: Rival Explorers in the Spanish Sea, 1682–1762. By Robert S. Weddle. College Station: Texas A &; M University Press, 1991. ISBN 0 89096 480 7. Pp. xii, 435, 26 illus. US$49.50 (cloth). [Texas A &; M University Press, Drawer C, College Station, Texas 77843–4354.]

Maps as Prints in the Italian Renaissance: Makers, Distributors &; Consumers. By David Woodward. Panizzi Lectures 1995. London: The British Library, 1996. ISBN 0 7123 4502 7. Pp. 127, illus. STG£16.00 (paper).

El mapa de España. Siglos XV‐XVIII. By Agustín Hernando. [Madrid]: Centro Nacional de Información Geográfica, 1995. ISBN 84 7819 067 8. Pp. viii, 255, illus., colour plates (doth).

Terra Cognita. Studien zur römischen Raumerfassung. By Kai Brodersen. Spudasmata Band 59. Hildesheim, Zürich and New York: George Olms, 1995. ISBN 3 487 10008 8. Pp. 354, illus. DM 74.00 (paper). [George Olms, Hagentorwall, D‐31134 Hildesheim, Germany.]

The Furthest Shore: Images of Terra Australis from the Middle Ages to Captain Cook. By William Eisler. Cambridge: Cambridge Press, 1995. ISBN 0 521 39268 3. Pp. xii, 180, illus., colour plates.

The Mapping of New Spain: Indigenous Cartography and the Maps of the Relaciones geográficas. By Barbara E. Mundy. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1996. ISBN 0 226 55096 6. Pp. xxii, 281, illus., 8 colour plates. US$40.00, STG£31.95 (cloth).

L'abrogation des privilèges fiscaux et ses antécédents. La lente maturation du cadastre thérésien au duché de Luxembourg (1684–1774). By Claude de Moreau de Gerbehaye. Collection histoire in‐8. No. 90. Bruxelles: Crédit Communal, 1994. ISBN 2 87193 199 2. Pp. viii, 609. [Crédit Communal, Boulevard Pacheco 44, 1000 Bruxelles.]

La Gallería delle Carte geografiche in Vaticano. By Lucio Gambi, Marica Milanesi and Antonio Pinelli. Modena: Franco Cosimo Panini, 1996. ISBN 88 7686 653 1. Pp. 156, 63 illus. IL. 38,000 (paper). [Franco Cosimo Panini, 41100 Modena, Viale Corassori 24, Italy.]

Marinai, mercanti, cartografi, pittori. Ricerche sulla cartografía nautica a Venena (sec. XIV‐XV). By Piero Falchetta. Offprint from Ateneo Venety 182 (1995), 7–109.

Battista Agnese, Atlante (1554–1556). Ms.Marc.It.IV, 62 (=5067). L'immagine del mondo ai tempi di Magellano. Compiled by Piero Falchetta. Palinsesti. Collana di facsimili della Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana di Venezia 1. Venezia: Canal Multimedia, 1996. (CD‐Rom and book, Italian and English.) ISBN 88 86936 00 1. Pp. 199 (paper). [Canal Multimedia, Santa Croce 2180, Venezia 30135, Italy. E‐mail: mulmedia@mbox.vol.it.]

Ortelius Atlas Maps: An Illustrated Guide. By Marcel P. R. van den Broecke. ‘t Goy: HES Publishers, 1996. ISBN 90 6194 308 6. Pp. 308, illus. Hfl 125.00 (cloth). [HES Publishers, Westrenen, Tuurdijk 16, 3997 MS ‘t Goy, The Netherlands.]

Cartes et plans imprimés de 1564 à 1815: Collections des bibliothèques municipales de la région Centre; Notices de la base BN‐OPALINE. By Béatrice Pacha et Ludovic Miran. Paris: Bibliothèque nationale de France/Agence interprofessionnelle régionale pour le livre et les médias, 1996. ISBN 2 7177 1962 8 (BNF); ISBN 2 908180 18 9 (AGIR). Pp. 330, illus., colour plates. FF 345.00 (paper).

Carte marine et portulan au XIIe siercle: le ‘Liber de existencia riveriarum et forma maris nostri Mediterranei’ (Pise, circa 1200). By Patrick Gautier Dalché. Collection de l'École Franaise de Rome 203. Rome: École Française de Rome, 1995. ISSN 0223 5099, ISBN 2 7283 0335 5. Pp. xi, 308 (paper).

Des chiffres et des cartes: naissance et développment de la cartographie française au XIXe siècle. By Gilles Palsky. Mémoires de la section de géographie 19. Paris: Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques, 1996. ISBN 2–7355–0336–4. Pp. 331, illus., colour plates. FF200 (paper). [Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques, 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris.]     

Taking Direction: New Dramaturgies of Science from the Splice Symposium and the Performing Science Conference

Abstract

This short article responds to two recent conferences on performance and science: the Splice Symposium (Chimera Network/University of Notre Dame) and Performing Science (University of Lincoln). Rather than a conventional conference report, the author reflects on a selection of presentations in the light of issue one of ISR’s ‘theatre and science’ series.     

Is Planning “Under Attack”? Chronicling the Deregulation of Urban and Environmental Planning in England

Successive attempts to reform planning practice in England have given rise to an impression that planning is “under attack”. Various academic commentaries have performed the valuable service of cataloguing aspects of this reform agenda, often within the context of the analytical framework offered by neoliberalization. In this paper, we seek to chronicle the cumulative effects of the sustained programme of neoliberalization to which urban and environmental planning has been subjected in England over a period spanning approximately the last 15 years. In doing so, we hope to show why planning has been such an intractable issue for all governments that have sought its reform irrespective of the particularities of their political agenda.     

The Cultural Project: Formal Chronological Modelling of the Early and Middle Neolithic Sequence in Lower Alsace

Starting from questions about the nature of cultural diversity, this paper examines the pace and tempo of change and the relative importance of continuity and discontinuity. To unravel the cultural project of the past, we apply chronological modelling of radiocarbon dates within a Bayesian statistical framework, to interrogate the Neolithic cultural sequence in Lower Alsace, in the upper Rhine valley, in broad terms from the later sixth to the end of the fifth millennium cal BC. Detailed formal estimates are provided for the long succession of cultural groups, from the early Neolithic Linear Pottery culture (LBK) to the Bischheim Occidental du Rhin Supérieur (BORS) groups at the end of the Middle Neolithic, using seriation and typology of pottery as the starting point in modelling. The rate of ceramic change, as well as frequent shifts in the nature, location and density of settlements, are documented in detail, down to lifetime and generational timescales. This reveals a Neolithic world in Lower Alsace busy with comings and goings, tinkerings and adjustments, and relocations and realignments. A significant hiatus is identified between the end of the LBK and the start of the Hinkelstein group, in the early part of the fifth millennium cal BC. On the basis of modelling of existing dates for other parts of the Rhineland, this appears to be a wider phenomenon, and possible explanations are discussed; full reoccupation of the landscape is only seen in the Grossgartach phase. Radical shifts are also proposed at the end of the Middle Neolithic.