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991.
Chris Dalglish 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2010,14(3):374-397
In Scotland, land reform is, historically and still today, a defining political issue and a subject of debate. Central to
this debate are different ideological understandings of the rural past. In this paper, I discuss the nature of the Scottish
land question and explore several of the main—sometimes complementary, sometimes conflicting—ideologies concerning land, as
put forward or supported by different constituencies: politicians; landowners; crofters; Scots more generally; and members
of the Scottish diaspora. I consider the histories to which these ideologies relate and seek to locate the historical archaeology
of rural Scotland in its political and social contexts. 相似文献
992.
Diana M. Smith 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2010,14(1):188-208
An entry in Edith Safstrom’s diary, We Wia Ragai, marks her first posting to the girl’s mission school in the Solomon Islands, and is a Mota phrase told to her by lay missionary
colleague, Ida Wench. The phrase essentially means “it is good to be here among you all” and echoed Edith’s thoughts on life
at the school on tiny Mbungana Island. The Safstrom collection of artifacts held in the Museum of Victoria and Edith’s diaries
unwrap a synergetic dialogue between lay missionary women and Indigenous women and children. The collection circumscribes
a lay missionary’s collective experience of Christianity and acceptance of Indigenous cultural heritage from 1921 to 1942
in the Solomon Islands. 相似文献
993.
Johan Normark 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2010,17(2):132-173
The neo-materialist ontology outlined by the philosophers Gilles Deleuze and Manuel DeLanda has several implications for archeology.
This text primarily discusses their replacement of the general and the specific with universal and individual singularities
which creates emergent properties. This is both a process of evolution and involution where materialities create multi-scalar
assemblages. Causeway assemblages from two sites, Ichmul and Yo’okop in the northern Maya lowlands in southern Mexico, are
used to operationalize this perspective. Rather than focusing on a human-centered perspective, the text sees the causeways
as parts of technologies that can help us to reach an anorganic perspective where we can become-materiality. 相似文献
994.
Peter W. Abrahams Jane A. Entwistle Robert A. Dodgshon 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2010,17(3):231-248
X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRFS) was used in the analysis of A horizon soil samples collected from a former farming
settlement and its associated area of infield (i.e. arable) located in the Central Highlands of Scotland. To date, XRFS has not been extensively used in geoarchaeological research,
but in our study the simultaneous multi-element capabilities of this instrumental technique allowed the total concentrations
of 25 major, minor, and trace elements to be fully quantified with acceptable levels of accuracy and precision. Included within
this group of chemical elements are a number (e.g. Ba, Ca, P, Pb, Sr and Zn) that have proved to be of value to archaeological interpretation in earlier investigations undertaken
in Scotland. In our preliminary work documented here, significant differences were found between the A horizon soils of former
settlement and infield areas for 18 chemical elements. Subjecting the XRFS data—and three other measured variables: soil organic
carbon (SOC), pH and A horizon depth—to discriminant analysis indicates that soils of former settlement and arable farming
can be effectively classified according to their pH, SOC content and Ca, Cu, Mg, Rb, and Zn concentrations. The inference
is that areas of former infield and settlement elsewhere at this study location in the Central Highlands may be able to be
identified according to their soil chemical composition and use of discriminant function, even though the surface remains
of pre-eighteenth century settlement sites are not readily evident today because they were constructed of perishable materials. 相似文献
995.
Kostis Kourelis 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2010,14(2):209-214
Central to the notion of modernity has been a historical loss of meaning and a resulting state of melancholy. An abandoned
classical landscape allows for repeated inspiration and the possibility of rebirth after the rupture. Archaeological field
survey has shown that the Greek countryside has been stable in only one way, a perpetual cycle of abandonment and re-habitation
from prehistory to the present. This rhythm of eternal return differs from the catastrophe of a single golden age. Rather
than producing anxiety, the trope of endless abandonment annuls the drama of collapse and comforts the modern psyche. The
Greek countryside, thus, provides unique fodder for modernity’s historical posturing. 相似文献
996.
John A. Atkinson 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2010,14(3):316-334
Since 1996, archaeologists from Glasgow University have been involved in a research project on the north shores of Loch Tay
in the Central Highlands of Scotland. This work—known as the Ben Lawers Historic Landscape Project—was specifically focused
on medieval and later settlement remains. For the purposes of this paper, the results of the archaeological work are contrasted
with work from similar sites elsewhere in Scotland. The sweeping changes in tenurial, social and cultural spheres, known as
the Improvements, of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries are considered in relation to the preceding six hundred years. 相似文献
997.
Suzanne M. Spencer-Wood Sherene Baugher 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2010,14(4):463-474
This article starts by defining the term “powered cultural landscapes” and then provides a brief history of research on this
topic in historical archaeology, starting with the settlement pattern paradigm that did not use the word “landscape,” and
progressing to the landscape paradigm and the subsequent increasing use of the word “power” in cultural landscape research.
Topics of research initially addressed landscape power dynamics between classes, followed by racial, ethnic, and finally gender
power dynamics. Frameworks for analyzing power dynamics have progressed from the Marxian domination and resistance framework
for class and racial power dynamics, followed by feminist analyses of male domination, to the recent development of a feminist
inclusive heterarchical model of power dynamics. 相似文献
998.
William A. Longacre 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2010,17(2):81-100
Anthropology was established in the USA during the middle of the nineteenth century. From the beginning, archaeology was considered
a part of the discipline, a notion that continues to this day. However, over the course of the past 160 years, periodically,
the place of archaeology within anthropology is questioned. Often, this has a reflection in the growth or shrinking in membership
of the Archaeology Division of the American Anthropological Association. I explore these trends and try to explain them in
terms of the history of anthropology. 相似文献
999.
Seán Kirwan 《Journal of Maritime Archaeology》2010,5(2):105-115
Ratification by Ireland of the 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage will not be able
to take place until after enactment of additional domestic legislation. The reasons for this are examined in the context of
Ireland’s legal system. Since 1987 Ireland has had extensive legal protection for underwater cultural heritage, but the jurisdictional
aspects of the Convention are key to understanding why additional legislation is necessary. Issues relating to salvage law
are also considered. The 2001 Convention is placed in the context of development of Irish policy on underwater cultural heritage. 相似文献
1000.