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76.
Frank Osterhoff 《Standort - Zeitschrift für angewandte Geographie》2007,31(4):179-183
Zusammenfassung Regionale Entwicklungsstrategien werden in der Regel ohne substanzielle Beteiligung der Wirtschaft entwickelt. Das war im
Projekt „Zukunft Ruhr 2030“ anders. Hier hat der „Initiativkreis Ruhrgebiet“, die Vereinigung gro?er Unternehmen in der Metropolregion
Ruhr, Entwicklungsperspektiven für die Region aus Sicht der Wirtschaft entworfen. Sechs führende Unternehmensberatungen haben
in Zusammenarbeit mit Experten aus Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft verschiedene Themenfelder untersucht, eine Vision entwickelt
und daraus eine Entwicklungsstrategie für die kommenden Jahre abgeleitet. 相似文献
77.
Markus Leibenath Anke Hahn Robert Knippschild 《Standort - Zeitschrift für angewandte Geographie》2007,15(1):36-40
Der deutsch-tschechische Grenzraum liegt gewisserma?en in einer Sandwich-Position zwischen verschiedenen europ?ischen Makroregionen;
auf europ?ischer Ebene wird er bislang eher als Verbindungselement wahrgenommen. Seine innere Struktur ist von einer relativ
geringen Besiedlungsdichte und ausgepr?gten Stadt-Land-Unterschieden gekennzeichnet. Im Frühjahr 2006 gründeten die beiden
nationalen Regierungen eine deutsch-tschechische Arbeitsgruppe für Raumentwicklung. Der Artikel skizziert, welche Ziele und
Erwartungen damit verbunden werden und welche Funktionen ein solches Gremium übernehmen kann. Dazu wird zun?chst die Ausgangssituation
dieses Raumes skizziert. Abschlie?end wird das m?gliche Leitbild des „Mitteleurop?ischen Kristalls“ vorgestellt. 相似文献
78.
Much of the recent academic literature on spatial planning in Europe focuses on either cross-national comparison of planning frameworks and planning practices or on transnational and transregional initiatives and their impact on planning in European countries. From those publications, it can be gleaned how similar themes are translated differentially in different national contexts. Although it is also a great source of European integration and harmonization, the phenomenon of the knowledge exchange within transnational expert networks of European planners at the level of cities has received less attention. In this paper, the knowledge exchange among planners in such a network is studied, highlighting the role of “transfer agents” (academic and/or policy experts operating in communities in different policy arenas) in the exchange process. It builds on the insights from existing literature on policy transfer and policy learning, and tries to add a new perspective on this body of literature from an insiders' perspective, i.e. participatory observation. The idea is that policy transfer can be fruitfully approached as a process of knowledge and information transfer between producers, senders, facilitators and recipients. Often this exchange is to a very large extent a process of absorbing appealing labels for policy solutions from the international or national policy levels, and then adopting an interpretation of it suitable to one's own context. The authors try to give meaning to this exchange process by using two mechanisms, i.e. social interaction and conceptual replication. By combining these two mechanisms the authors try to uncover which policy lessons are being transferred among seven European cities that joined the expert network on European sustainable urban development (Pegasus). 相似文献
79.
Richard Pearson 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2007,11(2):122-151
In this paper I examine the development of a particular kind of grey stoneware called kamuiyaki which was produced and traded
within the Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan, in the eleventh to fourteenth centuries. The wares themselves, their chronology,
and archaeological context are discussed. The kilns represent the first enterprise in the islands in which a commodity was
made for exchange on a substantial scale. The establishment of the kilns in a remote area, with technological borrowing from
both Japan and Korea, reflects social and economic trends of the beginning of the Medieval Period in Japan. Greyware production,
circulation, and consumption, reconstructed from recent excavations, shows a political economy capable of fostering the development
of small states on the island of Okinawa in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. 相似文献
80.
Valentine Roux 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2007,14(2):153-178
Ethnoarchaeology appears nowadays as a poorly formulated field. However, it could become a real science of reference for interpreting
the past if it was focused upon well-founded cross-cultural correlates, linking material culture with static and dynamic phenomena.
For this purpose, such correlates have to be studied in terms of explanatory mechanisms. Cross-cultural correlates correspond
to those regularities where explanatory mechanisms invoke universals. These universals can be studied by reference to the
theories found in the different disciplines they relate to and which are situated outside of the domain of archaeology. In
the domain of technology, cross-cultural correlates cover a wide range of static and dynamic phenomena. They allow the archaeologist
to interpret archaeological facts—for which there is not necessarily analogue—in terms of local historical scenario as well
as cultural evolution. In this respect, it is shown that ethnoarchaeology, when following appropriate methodologies and focussing
on the universals that underlie the diversity of archaeological facts, does provide the reference data needed to climb up
in the pyramid of inferences that make up our interpretative constructs. 相似文献