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981.
For five decades it has been generally accepted that reserpine, an antihypertensive and antipsychotic drug, causes depression. The discovery that reserpine depletes brain monoamines was an important factor in the development of the monoamine hypothesis of depression, and it continues to be widely cited in support of this hypothesis. The present paper argues that, contrary to prevailing belief, reserpine is not depressogenic. The reason for perpetuation of this myth is reluctance to discard the monoamine hypothesis. This hypothesis ushered the modern biochemical paradigm into psychiatry and is still of great importance. It serves as a heuristic to guide research, it enhances psychiatry's prestige, and it helps to validate and promote drug therapy for depression and other mental disorders. 相似文献
982.
Clinical examination of the reliability and coherence of the evidence concerning modern neurochemical theories of mental disorders has led some scholars to conclude that support for many of these theories is weak. Nevertheless, these theories continue to be widely promoted. One explanation that has been offered for continued adherence to questionable theory is that it stimulates and gives direction to research. The heuristic value of theory is examined in the present paper by tracing the discoveries that followed from an old theory of schizophrenia, which is--by current consensus--false. It is shown that the original serotonin hypothesis of schizophrenia did, in fact, lead to significant advances in neuropharmacology, neurology and psychiatry. 相似文献
983.
AbstractGlobal economic and social life has been severely challenged since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 disease a pandemic. Travel, tourism and hospitality, in particular, has been massively impacted by the lockdowns used to maintain social distance to manage the disease. Robotics, artificial intelligence, and human-robot interactions have gained an increased presence to help manage the spread of COVID-19 in hospitals, airports, transportation systems, recreation and scenic areas, hotels, restaurants, and communities in general. Humanoid robots, autonomous vehicles, drones, and other intelligent robots are used in many different ways to reduce human contact and the potential spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, including delivering materials, disinfecting and sterilizing public spaces, detecting or measuring body temperature, providing safety or security, and comforting and entertaining patients. While controversial in the past due to concerns over job losses and data privacy, the adoption of robotics and artificial intelligence in travel and tourism will likely continue after the COVID-19 pandemic becomes less serious. Tourism scholars should seize this opportunity to develop robotic applications that enhance tourist experiences, the protection of natural and cultural resources, citizen participation in tourism development decision making, and the emergence of new ‘high-touch’ employment opportunities for travel, tourism and hospitality workers. 相似文献
984.
Jim Crow 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2007,11(4):322-335
Busy Gap is one of the earliest attested place names located along the line of the central sector of Hadrian’s Wall in Northumberland,
yet in Newcastle during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries it was a term of abuse, applied collectively to those who
came from upland Tynedale and was synonymous with the Border Reivers. Archaeological and historical sources indicate that
throughout the Middle Ages the place was located in a zone of seasonal settlement, characterized by groups of shielings probably
associated with townships located in the valley of the South Tyne. The question is how to understand the role of Busy Gap,
a place identified with a triangular earthwork on the north side of the Roman Wall. This paper will consider the results of
recent archaeological investigations carried out by the author on the site and will investigate the place and its setting
within the archaeological and historical context of early-modern Northumberland. 相似文献
985.
Rosemary McConkey Thomas McErlean 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2007,11(2):99-121
Mombasa’s strategic position on the Swahili Coast and fine harbours were key factors in its emergence as a prosperous city
state during the early second millennium AD. These same attributes drew the attention of rival powers in the struggle to control
the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network, particularly during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Drawing from a rich
legacy of cartographic and documentary sources created in the course of Mombasa’s turbulent history, this paper presents the
results of a coastal archaeological survey undertaken in 2001 as part of a wider collaborative maritime project. 相似文献
986.
Deni J. Seymour 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2007,11(3):269-296
This article explores the methodological considerations of a syndetic approach to archaeological inquiry. This multi-evidential
approach involves crossing interdisciplinary boundaries to exploit data that reside with other specialists. The material evidence
of a historically referenced place is sought in the archaeological record and evaluated using historical documentary data,
ethnographic information, as well as data from other sources including assessment of occupational duration, intensity of residence,
erosional patterns, and chronological placement. The case study involves location and verification of the 1690s through 1750s
Sobaípuri-O’odham village of San Cayetano del Tumacácori in southern Arizona. 相似文献
987.
988.
Daniel O. Sayers P. Brendan Burke Aaron M. Henry 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2007,11(1):60-97
The Great Dismal Swamp in North Carolina and Virginia has a history of profound significance to scholars and historians of
North American diasporas. Between 1630 and 1865, thousands of maroons, enslaved canal company laborers, and disenfranchised
Native Americans lived within this morass and formed communities that were connected through a dynamic swamp-wide political
economy. The Great Dismal Swamp Landscape Study has been initiated to explore the archaeological landscapes of these Diasporans.
This essay discusses several aspects of the theoretico-analytical research model that has guided this ongoing project. Also,
included are brief explications on the methods and results of the first season of archaeological survey in the Great Dismal
Swamp National Wildlife Refuge. 相似文献
989.
990.
Through a discussion of the intentions behind two hypertext works, Ruth Tringham’s Chimera Web and Rosemary Joyce’s Sister Stories, we present an argument that the new digital media offer unique opportunities for feminist archaeology to realize some of
its deepest values. Through the medium of hypermedia and hypertext (multilinear) narratives the complexities of the feminist
practice of archaeology (including its multivocal interpretive process) can be grasped, enjoyed, and participated in by a
non-archaeological audience more fluidly than in traditional linear texts. We draw attention to the way in which recent developments
in digital technology, especially through the Internet, have transformed our ability to share freely the fruits of our creative
thought with an ever-expanding audience.
相似文献
Ruth E. Tringham (Corresponding author)Email: |