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961.
R. Alan Covey 《Journal of Anthropological Archaeology》2003,22(4):333-357
Traditional interpretations of how the Inka empire developed emphasize the disjunctive transformation of a village-level society through the agency of a single charismatic ruler. New evidence from the Inka heartland indicates that it was in fact the formation of a centralized state in the Cusco Valley of highland Peru that enabled the rapid campaigns of Inka territorial expansion during the 15th and 16th centuries. By using archaeological data and ethnohistoric documents to develop independent lines of evidence, it is possible to describe Inka state formation processes anthropologically. Settlement and excavation data from the Vilcanota Valley provide several indicators of the development of a centralized Inka state during the Killke Period (c. A.D. 1000–1400), while multiple accounts of the Inka past describe the transformation of Inka society over a period of several generations leading up to the first campaigns of imperial conquest. Both lines of evidence are consistent with the kinds of changes described for other known cases of state formation. The formation of the Inka state and its expansion in the Cusco region created conditions in which the agency of Inka rulers could direct the expansion of a mighty empire in only a few generations of conquest. 相似文献
962.
963.
964.
Sophie Roux 《Revue de synthèse / Centre international de synthèse》2009,130(1):165-175
Sans résumé
? Lève la peau, dissèque: ici commencent les machines. Puis, tu te perds dans une substance inexplicable, étrangère à tout
ce que tu sais et qui est pourtant l’essentielle. ?
Paul Valéry, Tel quel, Cahier B 1910
Ses recherches portent sur l’épistémologie, l’histoire des sciences et l’histoire de la philosophie à l’age classique (xvi
e-xvii
e siècles). Elle a notamment dirigé avec Walter Roy Laird, Mechanics and Natural Philosophy before the Scientific
Revolution (Dortrecht/Boston/Londres, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2007), puis, en collaboration avec Massimo Bucciantini et Michele
Camerota, Mechanics and Cosmology in the Medieval and
Early Modern Period (Florence, Olschki, 2007). 相似文献
965.
966.
Matthew C. Curtis 《African Archaeological Review》2009,26(4):327-350
Archaeological research carried out between 1998 and 2003 on the Asmara Plateau of Eritrea has provided new insights concerning
the development of early-to-mid first millennium BC settled agropastoral communities in the northern Horn of Africa. The settlement,
subsistence, and material culture of these communities in the greater Asmara area, referred to as the “Ancient Ona culture,”
bear both unique qualities and striking similarities to coeval communities in Tigray, Ethiopia. This article provides an overview
of regional settlement data and ceramic and lithic traditions from the greater Asmara area, drawing comparisons to other contexts
of this period in the archaeology of the wider northern Horn. It is argued that we can see among the Ancient Ona sites distinct
localized cultural expressions and development as well as strong links to a wider first millennium BC macro-cultural identity. 相似文献
967.
David W. Phillipson 《African Archaeological Review》2009,26(4):257-274
An overview is offered of the development of research—both archaeological and epigraphic—on the inhabitants of the northern
Horn during the first millennium bc. Initially, reconstructions of this period placed considerable emphasis on links with southern Arabia and tended to group
those into a single cultural category that was designated ‘Pre-Aksumite’. It is now argued that long-distance contacts were
much less pervasive, being largely restricted to the élite, and that other aspects of life—including much material culture
and subsistence economy—displayed strong local continuity from earlier times. Similarly, it is argued that interpretation
of the epigraphic evidence as indicating a single ‘Pre-Aksumite’ state called D'MT is unjustified. 相似文献
968.
The Hospital of St John is thought to have been in various respects in a rather more healthy condition than the order of the Temple in the late thirteenth century, and comparisons and contrasts between the two orders have recently been made, often to the detriment of the Templars. This view is examined with reference to recruiting, the role of sergeants, ignorance among brothers, provincial administration, central government, and roles after the collapse of the crusader states. The argument is advanced that the Temple was not in a noticeably worse state than the Hospital and that on many issues the similarities between the two orders are more marked than the differences. 相似文献
969.
Alan Lester Fae Dussart 《Gender, place and culture : a journal of feminist geography》2009,16(1):63-75
Much of British imperial society in the early nineteenth century was characterised by a reformulated sensibility of manliness and family. Integral to this sensibility was the notion of men's responsibility for dependants. However, the story of Charles Wightman Sievwright, appointed as Assistant Protector of Aborigines in colonial New South Wales, serves to demonstrate that a man's duty of care for very different, racialised kinds of dependants could be emphasised in conflicting ways by British settlers on the one side and by humanitarians on the other, under conditions of colonial expansion. Sievwright's story also encourages more explicit attention to both the tensions and the mutual intrusions between men's public and private roles within colonial society. Sievwright's own efforts as an active, humanitarian man in the political life of the New South Wales frontier were scandalously undermined by his failure to perform the role expected of him in his domestic, familial relations. 相似文献
970.
Anthony Pagden 《Revue de synthèse / Centre international de synthèse》2008,129(3):421-436
This article examines the significance accorded to the discovery of America in the period between 1492 and the publication of Alexander von Humboldt’s Kosmos in 1855. It argues that, the « discovery » of America was perceived as the « uncovering » of not merely a place, but of an epistemological challenge which both transformed, Europe’s intellectual dependence on Antiquity, and shaped its evolving perception of both space and time. It argues that, after the discovery, human history came to be seen, in terms of as series of inventions all of them related to human movement, which were projected, as more and more of the globe was « discovered » into an unpredictable future. 相似文献