20世纪90年代的中日纤维产品贸易

20世纪90年代中日两国贸易结构发生较大变化,即中国对日本出口的食品及矿产等初级产品在对日出口总额中降到不足一成,而纤维产品贸易以几乎每年占中日贸易额的20～30％的速度强劲发展,推动了两国贸易总额的迅速增长,但同时也引起贸易摩擦。尽管纤维产品贸易由垂直贸易分工向初级水平贸易分工发展,以及密切的依存关系两大特征,使中日两国避免了在该领域的贸易战,但是,如何在互补性贸易结构中寻求更多的合作领域以减少贸易摩擦甚至避免贸易战争,是20世纪90年代中日纤维产品贸易带来的重要启示。     

Hotels as a Model of Regional Life: The Erzurum Sample

Few studies have been undertaken about geographical distributions of hotels. These studies mostly have been done in cities which attract tourists and have a tradition of tourism in order to clarify the factors which affect distribution of hotels. The purpose of this paper is to identify geographical distribution of hotels in the city of Erzurum in eastern Turkey, which does not have tourism as one of the traditional industries. Since hotels serve those who come from outside of the city and mostly from its surrounding regions, the city needs to be considered with its regions. As a result, in the same context hotels, bus-stations and coffee-houses come into the picture in order to serve for incomers. As a result of this, it appears that hotels-bus-stations-coffee-houses cooperate or create synergy. This synergy may be related with the offered service of the city to the surrounding or it may be due to the city's historical growth. All these relations can be explained with the “regional life model”. Regional life areas are those places in which all roads coming from outside end. In addition, such places serve those people coming to the city in order to meet different needs.     

藏书家徐维则事迹钩述

文献学家郑伟章先生曾著文,阐发蔡元培与徐友兰及铸学斋的关系,纠正了长期以来误以为蔡元培在徐友兰长兄徐树兰古越藏书楼校书一说[1].但在提及徐友兰之子徐维则时,郑说:"民国间采写的<绍兴县志资料>无传,其生平事迹无由知之."[2]到1999年出版<文献家通考>,仍对徐维则语焉不详.徐树兰、徐显败与徐友兰、徐维则两对藏书家父子,是蔡元培早年在绍兴交往最多的几位友人,其中以徐维则与蔡元培的关系最为密切.本文就其生平事迹及其与蔡元培的交往经历等作一述略.     

1953年东德事件与美国对苏东"演变"战略的起源

研究冷战高潮时期苏东地区的重大政治事件与美国针对苏东内部事态的政策演进历程,有助于更准确地认识“演变”战略的起源与性质。本所利用的档案材料表明,1953年的东德事件对美国决策层初步反省原先过于露骨的旨在激发或助长苏东内部社会紧张乃至“造反”行动的“激变”战略,开始酝酿“演变”战略产生了重要影响。“演变”战略的特征在美国对东德事件的反应中已初露端倪。这一政策转变的原因,除了原有政策在实践中的弊端和斯大林之后苏东形势的变化,也与美国决策的战略指导思想有关。     

European developments in strategic spatial planning

Strategic spatial planning which takes an integrated approach to the development of a territory seemed to go out of fashion, but now there are signs that it is being re‐established. This paper explores these developments using case studies from 10 European countries. The analysis uses an ‘institutionalist’ approach, which examines how the ‘agency’ of spatial planning practices responds to the ‘structure’ of contextual forces, at the same time influencing that structure. The ‘driving forces’ which are influencing strategic spatial planning are investigated, as are two aspects of the changes in spatial planning: institutional relations and policy agendas. The conclusions are that—at least in the case studies—there is a movement in the institutional relations towards horizontal articulation, territorial logic, and negotiative forms. Policy agendas too are changing, becoming more selective and using new conceptions of space and place. Those institutional developments, however, are not necessarily being translated into territorially‐integrated policy (as distinct from functional/sectoral policy). That translation appears to require simultaneous re‐framing of relational resources (trust, social capital), knowledge resources (intellectual capital), linked to strong mobilization efforts (political capital). The cases considered varied significantly in how far that had been done. Where it had, strategic spatial plan‐making practices were playing a key role in developing institutional territorial integration and re‐invigorating territorial identities.     

关于旅游资源普查中几点问题的思考--基于大连市旅游资源普查工作的体会

全国旅游资源普查工作还处于尝试性的初期阶段,大连市参与其中并在工作中对〈国标〉有所突破.本文以笔者在大连参加旅游资源普查工作的体会为基础,从理论和实践技术两个层面对工作中遇到的一些问题进行了阐述和分析.理论层面主要是关于〈国标〉中对旅游资源的定义及其所采用的方法论问题的讨论;实践技术层面主要是在对〈国标〉内容、概念、分类、解释及操作方法理解的基础之上,对〈国标〉局部进行更深层次的剖析,并提出一些改进建议.     

港口经济及其地域空间作用:对鹿特丹港的案例研究

港口经济在国民经济中起着越来越重要的作用,面临全球化竞争的挑战,借鉴国外港口经济的经验对我国三角洲地区和海港城市的发展具有重要意义。本文将分析荷兰鹿特丹港的港口经济发展,研究港口产业对于港口地区的社会经济带动作用,港口产业的时间演替规律和在港口产业带动下的港口地区地域空间扩展规律。     

辽宁省城市基本公共服务质量差异的时空分析

基于基本公共服务的内涵,从教育服务、文化服务、卫生服务、基础设施服务、社会保障服务、生态环境服务和信息服务7个方面构建了基本公共服务质量评价指标体系,运用熵值法对2003-2011年辽宁省城市基本公共服务质量进行综合测度,并以此为变量,利用差异系数和基尼系数对辽宁省各市基本公共服务质量差异的演变过程与空间格局进行定量分析。结果发现:辽宁省各市基本公共服务质量整体为上升的趋势,表现出较为明显的规模特征,沈阳市和大连市两极突出;2003-2011辽宁省城市基本公共服务质量区域差异总体扩大的基础上,呈现先扩大后缩小的演变趋势,且以文化服务、卫生服务和基础设施服务的差异为主;空间上,公共服务质量空间提升极化作用不断增强,表现为不断向"沈阳-大连、盘锦-本溪"的"十字"轴线紧靠。