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991.
Cranioplasty is a well‐known procedure in modern neurosurgery. Although some authors have claimed it was also performed by prehistoric trepanners in various parts of the world, there is little hard evidence to support this. Here we review various claims of cranioplasty in Peru, where trepanation was widely practised in Prehispanic times. We find little support for assertions that cranioplasty was common. One recently discovered burial from the Cuzco region, however, provides the first documented case of the reinsertion of a bone plug into a trepanation opening. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
992.
993.
This study collects data from three major journals and analyses them in order to assess the recent (1997–2006) nature of the study of palaeopathology within Britain. It considers the types of study published (case, population or method), whether findings are integrated with other data, the particular ‘theme’ that is considered (diet, activity patterns, etc) and the particular pathological condition focused upon (metabolic, dental, etc). The findings show there is a move away from the traditional case study and an increase in the acknowledgement of the value of integrating data with wider information. There is also a bias towards certain ‘themes’ and pathologies, reasons for which are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
994.
A. V. Zinoviev 《International Journal of Osteoarchaeology》2010,20(5):586-590
The aim of this study was to investigate a unique case of polydonty in wild boar from the early medieval Novgorod (second half of 11th century AD). The only preserved distal part of the right mandibular branch shows a rotated transitional permanent extra premolar between P3 and P4. This abnormality has the potential to serve as a territorially‐based indicator of past wild boar populations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
995.
The study of ancient DNA (aDNA) using molecular methods is an increasingly valuable tactic in bioarchaeology. While this method must be carefully undertaken to ensure that the molecules detected are representative of the ancient sample and not modern contaminates, there is a danger that a ‘one size fits all’ approach to validation will lead to misinterpretation and/or missed opportunities of valuable findings. When comparing human and pathogen aDNA, there are many shared technical means that can ensure best practice. However, there are a number of assumptions that should not be used for both scenarios. We discuss these aspects in reference to a recent article published by this journal and highlight some of the latest advances in molecular detection of ancient pathogen DNA that can further improve this endeavour. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
996.
The paper explores interpretations of two sets of pathological horse vertebrae identified during analyses of animal bones from recent excavations at the castle at Malbork in northern Poland (formerly Marienburg in Prussia). One specimen dates to the 18th century and the other to the medieval period. The castle was initially constructed by the Teutonic Order from the late 13th century and occupied by military institutions into the 19th century, and is one of the largest fortified structures in Europe. The pathological vertebrae are attributed to prolonged load‐bearing. The problematic interpretation of the remains from the medieval context as belonging to a warhorse is discussed. Warhorses are widely described in contemporary documentary sources which indicate that mares were typically kept in farms on the Order's estates in late‐medieval Prussia, while studs were separately stabled at castles. There is not enough data to confirm the medieval specimen as a warhorse, and both vertebrae may simply represent riding animals. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
997.
998.
The next‐to‐the‐last witness at the July 1968 hearings on the nomination of Abe Fortas to replace Earl Warren as Chief Justice was James Clancy. Along with another attorney, Charles Keating, who would later gain infamy in the savings and loan scandal of the 1980s, Clancy appeared on behalf of Citizens for Decent Literature, an anti‐smut organization that had filed amicus briefs supporting censorship “as essential to the development of good family living” 1 in the Supreme Court's important obscenity decisions. 2 Clancy asserted that everyone should see the materials Fortas had held were entitled to First Amendment protection, and so he had assembled a thirty‐minute compilation of them for the Judiciary Committee's viewing. 相似文献
999.
Charles E. OrserJr. 《Journal of Archaeological Research》2010,18(2):111-150
The practice of historical archaeology has exploded over the past two decades, and especially since 2000. Methodological advances
and new theoretical insights mean that archaeological research requires periodic evaluation, and this overview builds on the
work of three earlier assessors of the discipline. Here, I concentrate on four areas of research currently being pursued by
historical archaeologists: analytical scale, capitalism, social inequality, and heritage and memory. I conclude that historical
archaeologists have made major strides in understanding the modern world and that future research promises to offer diverse
perspectives that will deepen our appreciation for how the past influences the present. 相似文献
1000.
Stephen T. Driscoll 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2010,14(3):442-462
Historical archaeology as practiced in Scotland is divergent from the mainstream tradition of historical archaeology/post-medieval
archaeology that dominates North America and the English-speaking world. Cultural and historical forces have shaped an historical
archaeology with a deeper time depth, which extends back into the Middle Ages. It also focuses on different subjects reflecting
the political concerns associated with Scottish national identity. Examples drawn from Glasgow’s history are used to illustrate
the distinctiveness of the Scottish tradition and how it is evolving. I argue that one of its strengths of Scottish historical
archaeology is that it provides a corrective contrast to the subjects and approaches which dominate historical archaeology
in the English-speaking world. 相似文献